glycolysis.ppt
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This document discusses glycolysis, which is the breakdown of sugars to extract energy. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of cells and involves 10 steps. It produces ATP, NADH, and pyruvate. Pyruvate can then undergo further reactions in the mitochondria via the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain to generate more ATP. Glycolysis is regulated by enzymes like phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase. The overall reaction extracts energy to produce a net gain of 2 ATP per glucose molecule broken down.
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Glycolysis is the first step in the breakdown of glucose to extract energy. It involves 10 steps where glucose is broken down into two pyruvate molecules with the production of 2 ATP, 2 NADH, and hydrogen ions. The pyruvate can then enter the mitochondria and be further oxidized through the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex to acetyl-CoA. Acetyl-CoA then enters the citric acid cycle where it is fully oxidized to carbon dioxide, producing 3 NADH, 1 FADH2, and 1 GTP per acetyl-CoA. Through glycolysis, the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, and the citric acid cycle, the complete aerobic oxidation of one glucose molecule
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原版制作贝德福特大学毕业证（bedfordhire毕业证）硕士文凭原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【贝德福特大学毕业证（bedfordhire毕业证）硕士文凭】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
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3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Pro-competitive Industrial Policy – OECD – June 2024 OECD discussion
Pro-competitive Industrial Policy – OECD – June 2024 OECD discussionOECD Directorate for Financial and Enterprise Affairs
This presentation by OECD, OECD Secretariat, was made during the discussion “Pro-competitive Industrial Policy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/pcip.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
Proposal: The Ark Project and The BEEP Inc
1.) Introduction
Our Movement is not new; it is the same as it was for Freedom, Justice, and Equality since we were labeled as slaves. However, this movement at its core must entail economics.
2.) Historical Context
This is the same movement because none of the previous movements, such as boycotts, were ever completed. For some, maybe, but for the most part, it’s just a place to keep your stable until you’re ready to assimilate them into your system. The rest of the crabs are left in the world’s worst parts, begging for scraps.
3.) Economic Empowerment
Our Movement aims to show that it is indeed possible for the less fortunate to establish their economic system. Everyone else – Caucasian, Asian, Mexican, Israeli, Jews, etc. – has their systems, and they all set up and usurp money from the less fortunate. So, the less fortunate buy from every one of them, yet none of them buy from the less fortunate. Moreover, the less fortunate really don’t have anything to sell.
4.) Collaboration with Organizations
Our Movement will demonstrate how organizations such as the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, National Urban League, Black Lives Matter, and others can assist in creating a much more indestructible Black Wall Street.
5.) Vision for the Future
Our Movement will not settle for less than those who came before us and stopped before the rights were equal. The economy, jobs, healthcare, education, housing, incarceration – everything is unfair, and what isn’t is rigged for the less fortunate to fail, as evidenced in society.
6.) Call to Action
Our movement has started and implemented everything needed for the advancement of the economic system. There are positions for only those who understand the importance of this movement, as failure to address it will continue the degradation of the people deemed less fortunate.
No, this isn’t Noah’s Ark, nor am I a Prophet. I’m just a man who wrote a couple of books, created a magnificent website: http://www.thearkproject.llc, and who truly hopes to try and initiate a truly sustainable economic system for deprived people. We may not all have the same beliefs, but if our methods are tried, tested, and proven, we can come together and help others. My website: http://www.thearkproject.llc is very informative and considerably controversial. Please check it out, and if you are afraid, leave immediately; it’s no place for cowards. The last Prophet said: “Whoever among you sees an evil action, then let him change it with his hand [by taking action]; if he cannot, then with his tongue [by speaking out]; and if he cannot, then, with his heart – and that is the weakest of faith.” [Sahih Muslim] If we all, or even some of us, did this, there would be significant change. We are able to witness it on small and grand scales, for example, from climate control to business partnerships. I encourage, invite, and challenge you all to support me by visiting my website.
Gamify it until you make it Improving Agile Development and Operations with ...
So many challenges, so little time. While we’re busy developing software and keeping it operational, we also need to sharpen the saw, but how? Gamification can be a way to look at how you’re doing and find out where to improve. It’s a great way to have everyone involved and get the best out of people.
In this presentation, Ben Linders will show how playing games with the DevOps coaching cards can help to explore your current development and deployment (DevOps) practices and decide as a team what to improve or experiment with.
The games that we play are based on an engagement model. Instead of imposing change, the games enable people to pull in ideas for change and apply those in a way that best suits their collective needs.
By playing games, you can learn from each other. Teams can use games, exercises, and coaching cards to discuss values, principles, and practices, and share their experiences and learnings.
Different game formats can be used to share experiences on DevOps principles and practices and explore how they can be applied effectively. This presentation provides an overview of playing formats and will inspire you to come up with your own formats.
ACTIVE IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL DEVICE IN EUROPE
This presentation will help you to know about the classification ,approval process and article related to active implantable medical device
IEEE CIS Webinar Sustainable futures.pdf
The importance of sustainable and efficient computational practices in artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning has become increasingly critical. This webinar focuses on the intersection of sustainability and AI, highlighting the significance of energy-efficient deep learning, innovative randomization techniques in neural networks, the potential of reservoir computing, and the cutting-edge realm of neuromorphic computing. This webinar aims to connect theoretical knowledge with practical applications and provide insights into how these innovative approaches can lead to more robust, efficient, and environmentally conscious AI systems.
Webinar Speaker: Prof. Claudio Gallicchio, Assistant Professor, University of Pisa
Claudio Gallicchio is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Computer Science of the University of Pisa, Italy. His research involves merging concepts from Deep Learning, Dynamical Systems, and Randomized Neural Systems, and he has co-authored over 100 scientific publications on the subject. He is the founder of the IEEE CIS Task Force on Reservoir Computing, and the co-founder and chair of the IEEE Task Force on Randomization-based Neural Networks and Learning Systems. He is an associate editor of IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems (TNNLS).
BRIC_2024_2024-06-06-11:30-haunschild_archival_version.pdf
These are the slides of my presentation at BRIC 2024 about global science overlay maps using OpenAlex.
Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition – SCHREPEL – June 2024 OECD dis...
Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition – SCHREPEL – June 2024 OECD dis...OECD Directorate for Financial and Enterprise Affairs
This presentation by Thibault Schrepel, Associate Professor of Law at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam University, was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
怎么办理(lincoln学位证书)英国林肯大学毕业证文凭学位证书原版一模一样
原版定制【微信:bwp0011】《(lincoln学位证书)英国林肯大学毕业证文凭学位证书》【微信:bwp0011】成绩单 、雅思、外壳、留信学历认证永久存档查询，采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信bwp0011】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信bwp0011】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
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The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy – CAPEL – June 2024 OEC...OECD Directorate for Financial and Enterprise Affairs
This presentation by Tim Capel, Director of the UK Information Commissioner’s Office Legal Service, was made during the discussion “The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 13 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/ibcdp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition – LIM – June 2024 OECD discussion
Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition – LIM – June 2024 OECD discussionOECD Directorate for Financial and Enterprise Affairs
This presentation by Yong Lim, Professor of Economic Law at Seoul National University School of Law, was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition – ČORBA – June 2024 OECD discus...
Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition – ČORBA – June 2024 OECD discus...OECD Directorate for Financial and Enterprise Affairs
This presentation by Juraj Čorba, Chair of OECD Working Party on Artificial Intelligence Governance (AIGO), was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy – KEMP – June 2024 OECD...
The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy – KEMP – June 2024 OECD...OECD Directorate for Financial and Enterprise Affairs
This presentation by Katharine Kemp, Associate Professor at the Faculty of Law & Justice at UNSW Sydney, was made during the discussion “The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 13 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/ibcdp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
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Slides on 7 Commonly Used Presentation Softwares; thier usage and features.
Disaster Management project for holidays homework and other uses
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The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy – OECD – June 2024 OECD...
The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy – OECD – June 2024 OECD...OECD Directorate for Financial and Enterprise Affairs
This presentation by OECD, OECD Secretariat, was made during the discussion “The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 13 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/ibcdp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
2 December UAE National Day - United Arab Emirates
UAE National Day, celebrated on December 2nd, commemorates the unification of the seven emirates and reflects national pride and unity.
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glycolysis.ppt
- 1. Glycolysis = breakdown of sugars; glycogen, glucose, fructose Where in body? Where in cell? What are the inputs? What are the outcomes? Oxygen required?
- 2. Gibbs Free Energy Changes Rxn# Enzyme DG°'(kJ/mol) DG(kJ/mol) 1 Hexokinase -16.7 -33.5 2 Phosphogluco-isomerase +1.7 -2.5 3 Phosphofructokinase -14.2 -22.2 4 Aldolase +23.9 -1.3 5 Triose phos. Isomerase +7.6 +2.5 6 G-3-PDH +12.6 -3.4 7 Phosphoglycerate kinase -37.6 +2.6 8 Phosphoglycerate mutas +8.8 +1.6 9 Enolase +3.4 -6.6 10 Pyruvate kinase -62.8 -33.4 1 1 2 3 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 Identify: endergonic rxns exergonic rxns coupled reactions oxidation/reduction rxns transfer reactions
- 3. When do we use glycolysis? What are the advantages of using glycolysis for energy supply? What are the disadvantages? How is glycolysis regulated?
- 4. Phosphofructokinase (PFK) (-) (+) Hexokinase inhibited by glucose –6-phosphate; also there are several isoforms; lowest Km in liver Pyruvate kinase inhibited by ATP and acetylCoA; activated by fructose 1,6 bisphosphate
- 5. Where do the intermediates in glycolysis go? • G-6-P goes off to make the ribose for nucleotides • F-6-P -amino sugars-glycolipids and glycoproteins • G-3-P/DHAP-lipids • 3PG-serine • PEP-aromatic amino acids, pyrimidines, asp and asn • Pyruvate-alanine This pathway not only important in glucose metabolism--generates intermediates for other important building blocks G-6-P = glucose 6 phosphate, F-6-P = fructose 6 phosphate, G-3-P = glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate, DHAP = dihydryoxacetonephosphate, 3PG = phosphoglyceraldehyde, Pyr = pyruvate
- 6. What are the possible fates of pyruvate? •Ethanol (fermentation) •Acetyl coA (mammals and others) •TCA/Krebs cycle •Oxaloacetate - gluconeogenesis •Lactate (mammals and others) •End product of anaerobic glycolysis •Gluconeogenesis in liver via the Cori cycle
- 8. Cori Cycle
- 9. Energy Balance Sheet for the Oxydation of Glucose via Glycolysis Gains: 4 ATP 2 pyruvate 2 NADH + H+ Losses: 2ATP Glucose Phosphate NAD+ (recycled) Mitochondria for further oxidation via the TCA/Krebs cycle Net Gain: + 2 ATP
- 10. Oxidation of pyruvate via the TCA/Krebs/Citric Acid Cycle
- 11. Pyruvate Acetyl CoA CO2 NAD+ NADH •All compounds are tricarboxylic acids •Carbons from glucose are shown in red •Carbons from glucose are lost as CO2 (decarboxylation) •Several NADH + H+ are generated via oxidation of intermediates •One high energy phosphate compound (GTP)is produced
- 12. When do we oxidize pyruvate via the Krebs cycle? What do we need to accomplish the oxidation of pyruvate? • NAD+ and FAD+; each can carry 2 e- • oxygen; needs 2 e- to fill outer valence shell of electrons • glucose Where are the Krebs cycle enzymes and electron transport proteins located? • Krebs cycle enzymes are located in the mitochondrial matrix • Electron transport proteins in the inner mitochondrial membrane
- 15. Complex I = NADH ubiquinone oxidoreductase Complex II = succinate- ubiquinone oxidoreductase Complex III = cytochrome c oxidoreductase Cytochrome c Coenzyme Q (ubiquinone) Prosthetic groups = Fe, Flavin, Fe-S, Cu
- 17. Electron transport proteins each can accept or give up two electrons one protein in each complex also acts as a hydrogen pump electron entry point is determined by the energy state of the electrons
- 19. Entry point for electrons carried by NADH+ H+ Entry point for electrons carried by FADH2
- 20. Net Energy Yield from the Oxidation of Pyruvate via the TCA cycle From Glycolysis: +2NADH +2ATP From TCA: +2FADH +8NADH +2GTP ETC: 3ATP/NADH 2ATP/FADH +4ATP +30ATP +38ATP TOTAL Do you know why? + +