1. GLOBALIZATIONGLOBALIZATION
Yoruba drummers in Erin-Osun,Yoruba drummers in Erin-Osun,
Nigeria, 1997Nigeria, 1997

2. WHAT IS THE GLOBE?WHAT IS THE GLOBE?
• CULTURALLYCULTURALLY
SPECIFIC SET OFSPECIFIC SET OF
COMMITMENTSCOMMITMENTS
• RELATIONSHIPSRELATIONSHIPS
• SET OF PRACTICESSET OF PRACTICES

3. WHAT IS GLOBALIZTION?WHAT IS GLOBALIZTION?
• ACTIVATING YOUR COMMITMENTSACTIVATING YOUR COMMITMENTS
• CONNECTING ACROSS DIFFERENCECONNECTING ACROSS DIFFERENCE
• FORGING NEW RELATIONSHIPSFORGING NEW RELATIONSHIPS
• SPREAD AND CONNECTEDNESS OFSPREAD AND CONNECTEDNESS OF
PRODUCTION, COMMUNICATION, ANDPRODUCTION, COMMUNICATION, AND
TECHNOLOGIES ACROSS THE WORLDTECHNOLOGIES ACROSS THE WORLD

4. DEBATESDEBATES
1.1. Is globalization new or old?Is globalization new or old?
2.2. Is globalization good or bad?Is globalization good or bad?
3.3. Is globalization really “global” orIs globalization really “global” or
inclusive of all people?inclusive of all people?

5. 5 ASPECTS OF GLOBALIZATION5 ASPECTS OF GLOBALIZATION
1.1. ECONOMICECONOMIC
2.2. TECHNOLOGICALTECHNOLOGICAL
3.3. CULTURALCULTURAL
4.4. POLITICALPOLITICAL
5.5. MILITARYMILITARY
THESE ASPECTS ARE ALL INTERCONNECTED!THESE ASPECTS ARE ALL INTERCONNECTED!
******************************************
After this lecture, can you give 1 example of eachAfter this lecture, can you give 1 example of each
of the above?of the above?

6. 1. ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION1. ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION
EARLY CAPITALIST IDEAS:EARLY CAPITALIST IDEAS:
1. “Free Market Economy” (Adam1. “Free Market Economy” (Adam
Smith,Smith, Wealth of NationsWealth of Nations, 1776), 1776)
Market is “free” from State controlMarket is “free” from State control
2. Division of labor2. Division of labor
3. Competition3. Competition

7. Economic GlobalizationEconomic Globalization
TODAY:TODAY:
Economies Are Increasingly Linked TogetherEconomies Are Increasingly Linked Together
EXS: NAFTA (MX, CA, US), The EU, WTO (WorldEXS: NAFTA (MX, CA, US), The EU, WTO (World
Trade Organization)Trade Organization)
WTOWTO
 Only global international organization dealingOnly global international organization dealing
with the rules of trade between nationswith the rules of trade between nations
 Goal: help producers of goods and services,Goal: help producers of goods and services,
exporters, and importers conduct their businessexporters, and importers conduct their business

8. ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATIONECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION
MULTI-NATIONALMULTI-NATIONAL
CORPORATIONSCORPORATIONS
 OLD: Dutch East IndiaOLD: Dutch East India
Company?Company?
 1602 company of Dutch1602 company of Dutch
merchants & independentmerchants & independent
trading companiestrading companies
 Spice trade monopoly inSpice trade monopoly in
East AsiaEast Asia
 Power to colonizePower to colonize
territories & enslaveterritories & enslave
indigenous peopleindigenous people
 Indonesia & South AfricaIndonesia & South Africa

9. ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATIONECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION
 NEW: Nike, Wal-Mart, Royal/Dutch ShellNEW: Nike, Wal-Mart, Royal/Dutch Shell
 Top 100 multinationals are all US-ownedTop 100 multinationals are all US-owned
companies!companies!
 Royal/Dutch Shell: global group of energy andRoyal/Dutch Shell: global group of energy and
petrochemical companies, operating in morepetrochemical companies, operating in more
than 140 countries and territories, employingthan 140 countries and territories, employing
more than 112,000 peoplemore than 112,000 people

10. Economic Globalization inEconomic Globalization in
AFRICAAFRICA
 Little Industry and TechnologyLittle Industry and Technology
 Can economic globalization can help reduceCan economic globalization can help reduce
povertypoverty??
 ““Brain Drain”Brain Drain”
 Debt (IMF loans) AF countries can’t even payDebt (IMF loans) AF countries can’t even pay
back interestback interest
 300 million pple live on less than $1/day300 million pple live on less than $1/day
 48% pple in sub-Saharan AF in extreme poverty48% pple in sub-Saharan AF in extreme poverty
(less than 750 calories/day)(less than 750 calories/day)
 2001 Index for Foreign Investment in Africa was2001 Index for Foreign Investment in Africa was
“0”“0”
 Gap between rich and poor increasingGap between rich and poor increasing

11. 2. TECHNOLOGICAL2. TECHNOLOGICAL
GLOBALIZATIONGLOBALIZATION
• ““World Wide Web” has exploded in last 10World Wide Web” has exploded in last 10
yearsyears
• Computers can move money around worldComputers can move money around world
= “finance capital”= “finance capital”
 Silicon Valley is 9th largest economy inSilicon Valley is 9th largest economy in
world!world!
AfricaAfrica
 Number of telephones is decreasingNumber of telephones is decreasing
 More computers in Manhattan than all ofMore computers in Manhattan than all of
Africa!Africa!
 Post-colonial infrastructures don’tPost-colonial infrastructures don’t
support technologysupport technology

12. CULTURAL GLOBALIZATIONCULTURAL GLOBALIZATION
McArabia Kofta

13. 3. CULTURAL GLOBALIZATION3. CULTURAL GLOBALIZATION
 Cultural ImperialismCultural Imperialism = Dominance of one= Dominance of one
culture over othersculture over others
 Hollywood movies, MacDonald’s,Hollywood movies, MacDonald’s,
Disneyland, StarbucksDisneyland, Starbucks
 Dominance of the English language andDominance of the English language and
invasion of other languagesinvasion of other languages
 Do people all over the world have theDo people all over the world have the
same taste?same taste?
AfricaAfrica
 ““Culture Industry” = opportunities forCulture Industry” = opportunities for
Africans to sell their culture in the “globalAfricans to sell their culture in the “global
market” that values traditional culturemarket” that values traditional culture

14. 4. POLITICAL GLOBALIZATION4. POLITICAL GLOBALIZATION
The United Nations:The United Nations: Global assoc. of govts.Global assoc. of govts.
facilitating cooperation in international law, security,facilitating cooperation in international law, security,
economic development, and social equityeconomic development, and social equity
• Whose interests does the UN represent?Whose interests does the UN represent?
 The US and the UK were the only nations inThe US and the UK were the only nations in
support of going to war in Iraqsupport of going to war in Iraq
 Can a global politicsCan a global politics with social valueswith social values exist?exist?
 Alternative political gatherings: Annual WorldAlternative political gatherings: Annual World
Social Forums since 2001, The Piece ProcessSocial Forums since 2001, The Piece Process
@ Gav!@ Gav!

15. POLITICAL GLOBALIZATIONPOLITICAL GLOBALIZATION
South AfricaSouth Africa
• In 2001, US pharmaceutical corporations sued SouthIn 2001, US pharmaceutical corporations sued South
African companies for infringing on AIDS medicationAfrican companies for infringing on AIDS medication
patent lawspatent laws
• In 2003, President George W. Bush announced theIn 2003, President George W. Bush announced the
Emergency Plan in 2003 - the largest internationalEmergency Plan in 2003 - the largest international
health initiative in history by one nation to address ahealth initiative in history by one nation to address a
single diseasesingle disease
• HIV/AIDS Situation in 2004HIV/AIDS Situation in 2004
HIV Infected: 5.3 millionHIV Infected: 5.3 million
AIDS Deaths: 370,000AIDS Deaths: 370,000
AIDS Orphans: 1.1 millionAIDS Orphans: 1.1 million

16. 5. MILITARY5. MILITARY
GLOBALIZATIONGLOBALIZATION
Nuclear BombsNuclear Bombs F/A-22 RaptorF/A-22 Raptor

17. MILITARYMILITARY
GLOBALIZATIONGLOBALIZATION
Smart BombsSmart Bombs Sidewinder MissilesSidewinder Missiles

18. MILITARY GLOBALIZATIONMILITARY GLOBALIZATION
 Global alliances become clear during war timeGlobal alliances become clear during war time
 Ex: Today’s US alliance with Britain in warsEx: Today’s US alliance with Britain in wars
against Afghanistan and Iraqagainst Afghanistan and Iraq
 What will happen with North Korea and nuclearWhat will happen with North Korea and nuclear
weapons?weapons?
AfricaAfrica
 ““Trade in Arms” = US sold $227 million in armsTrade in Arms” = US sold $227 million in arms
to AF in 1990sto AF in 1990s
 US train and provide weapons for AfricanUS train and provide weapons for African
armies on both sides of their civil wars (ex.armies on both sides of their civil wars (ex.
Mobutu civil war in Zaire)Mobutu civil war in Zaire)
 US is the #1 exporter of weapons globallyUS is the #1 exporter of weapons globally
 US is the last on the list of exporters of non-US is the last on the list of exporters of non-
military aid to the developing worldmilitary aid to the developing world

21. San Francisco, 2002San Francisco, 2002

22. The Karnataka State Farmers' Movement (KRRS) burn genetically
modified crops as part of the "Cremate Monsanto" campaign. Karnataka,
India, 1998.

23. Zapatista women are vigilant in defending theirZapatista women are vigilant in defending their
community. Chiapas, Mexico.community. Chiapas, Mexico.

24. Palestinian women protest against the Israeli occupation andPalestinian women protest against the Israeli occupation and
escalation of military aggression against civilians in the Westescalation of military aggression against civilians in the West
Bank and Gaza. San Francisco, California, 2002.Bank and Gaza. San Francisco, California, 2002.

25. You can kill the messenger but not the message!You can kill the messenger but not the message!
NIGER DELTA WOMEN PROTESTNIGER DELTA WOMEN PROTEST

26. UCSC Lecturers Protest Unfair LaborUCSC Lecturers Protest Unfair Labor
Practices, 2002Practices, 2002