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Reasoning
 The Fundamentals
Analytical Reasoning
• This kind of reasoning includes
  questions based upon a
  complicated set of conditions.
• A passage full of information is
  given that creates a sort of
  puzzle.
• What you are required to do is to
  keep in mind these conditions
  and the relationships among
  them and answer the questions
  asked.
Rule 1
The question itself is the answer

        • Read the entire question slowly and
          repeatedly until you have gained a
          clear understanding of the question.

        • Understand not just the explicit
          meanings; look out for the implicit
          ones too.
Rule 2
Don’t jump from one statement to
             another

         • These questions require to
           understand a complex set of
           conditions; not single
           statements
         • Understand completely the
           words you are reading, then
           only move to the next
           statement.
         • Never skip any statement.
Rule 3
Simplify Information by Using
   Symbols and Notations
        • Lengthy expressions and various
          relationships can make
          understanding difficult.

        • Develop a set of notations,
          symbols and abbreviations
          which are rather easy to
          understand and conceptualize.
Rule 4
Give Special Emphasis on Keywords

          • Certain words hold the keys
            for unlocking the problems.

          • These words give clear
            guidelines for solving the
            puzzle.

          • Highlight these keywords
            that limit the situation
            critically.
Rule 5
Organize, Organize, Organize

      • It usually happens and is very
        much possible that you’ll end up
        with a mass of information after
        studying the whole problem.

      • It is very helpful to convert this
        mass of information into organized
        forms such as lists, tables, maps
        or diagrams.
Rule 6
Beware of Reading Too Much into
         the Conditions
           • Take care to avoid
             assumptions which are
             not unwarranted by the
             conditions stated in the
             problem.
Coding – Decoding
Type of Problems
Example 1

   If NUMERICAL is written as
   MVLFQJBBK, then how would
   ASTROLOGY would be written in this
   code
a) BRSTMNNHX       b) ZTSSNMNHX
c) ZTUSPMPEZ       d) BRSSNKNHX
Example2
•  If IMPORT is written USPQNJ,
   then how will CAPITAL be written
   in this code?
a) MBUJQBD           b) KZSHOZB
c) MUBJBDQ           d) MBQJUBD
•   If MAN is written NZM, then how
    will GIRL be written in this code?

a) HHQK            b) RTIO
c) HJLM            d) GIKL
•   If COBRA is written BOCAR, then
    how will GROUP be written in this
    code?

a) ORPGU           b) OGRPU
c) ORTAU           d) ORGPU
•   If ALLOWANCE is written
    ZMKPVBMDD, then how will
    DEARNESS be written in this code?

a) CFBAODTR       b) EDZQMFRT
c) CDZTMFTR       d) CFZSMFRT
•   If RESCUE is written SDTBVD,
    then how will EROSION be written
    in this code?

a) FSPTJMO        b) FQPRJNO
c) DSRPHPM        d) FQPRJPM
TYPE – II

In a certain language, A is coded as 1, B
   is coded as 2, and so on. How will
   FADCCBM coded in that language?

a) 61433213        b) 13233416
c) 6243313         d) 51433123
• If a certain code BEAUTIFUL is
  coded as 573041208, Butter as
  504479, how is future coded in that
  code?

a) 201497         b) 204097
c) 704092         d) 204079
• In a certain code, 5 is coded as Z, 7 s
  E, 2 as S, 9 as T, and 4 as W. How is
  977452 coded in that code?

a) SEEWTZ           b) TEEWZS
c) ZEEWST           d) WEEZST
• Is CAT is coded as 24, what will be
  the code number for BAT?


a) 32    b) 21     c) 23     d) 42
• In a certain language, A is coded as 1,
  B is coded as 2, and so on, how is
  STAR coded in that language?

• In a certain language, P is coded as 7,
   T as 3, O as 4, R as 9and A as 2, how
  is PARROT coded in that language?
• In a certain language, if BOX is coded as
  213, BITTER as 207749, how is BOXER
  coded in that language?


• In a certain language, BETTER is coded as
  027729, and BUT as 017, how is BUTTER
  coded in that language?
• In a certain language, 23 is coded as
  OX, 529 as FOR, and 0229 as DOOR,
  how is 235290 coded in that
  language?

• In a certain language, if BOOK is
  coded as 43, what will be the code
  number for PEN?
• In a certain language, if TOWER is
  coded as 81, what will be the code
  number for POWER?

• In a certain language, if MAN is
  coded as 28, what will be the code
  number for CHILD?
Type - III

• If ORANGE is called BUTTER,
  BUTTER is called SOAP, SOAP is
  called INK, INK is called HONEY and
  HONEY is called ORANGE, which of
  the following is used for writing?

a) Honey   b) Butter   c) Orange   d) Ink
• If WATER is called FOOD, FOOD is
  called TREE, TREE is called SKY, SKY is
  called WALL, on which of the following
  will you hang a painting?

a) Food   b) Sky    c) Tree     d) Wall
• If LIGHT is called DARK, DARK is
  called GREEN, GREEN is called BLUE,
  BLUE is called RED, RED is called
  WHITE and WHITE is called
  YELLOW, what is the color of blood?

a) RED              b) GREEN
c) YELLOW           d) WHITE
• If WATER is called BLACK, BLACK is
  called TREE, TREE is called BLUE, BLUE is
  called RAIN, RAIN is called PINK and
  PINK is called FISH, what is the color of
  sky?

 a) RAIN             b) BLACK
 c) PINK        d) TREE
• If BLACK means WHITE, WHITE
  means RED, RED means YELLOW,
  YELLOW means BLUE, BLUE means
  GREEN, GREEN means VIOLET and
  VIOLET means ORANGE, what is the
  color of sky?

 a) GREEN          b) VIOLET
 c) ORANGE         d) YELLOW
• If RAIN is called PINK, PINK is called
  CLOUD, CL:OUD is called WATER,
  WATER is called BREEZE and BREEZE
  is called MOON, what do you wash your
  hands with?

a) WATER               b) RAIN
c) BREEZE              c) MOON
• If the animals which can walk are
  called SWIMMERS, animals which can
  crawl are called FLYING, animals which
  live in water are called SNAKES, and
  those which fly are called hunters,
  then what will a lizard be called?

a) SWIMMER             b) SNAKE
c) HUNTER              d) FLYING
• If CLOUD is called WHITE, WHITE is
  called RAIN, RAIN is called GREEN,
  GREEN is called AIR, AIR is called
  BLUE and BLUE is called WATER,
  where do the birds fly in?


 a) AIR          b) CLOUD
 c) WHITE        d) BLUE
• If AIR is called WATER, WATER is
  called GREEN, GREEN Is called
  DUST, DUST is called YELLOW and
  YELLOW is called CLOUD, where do
  fish live?


 a) AIR          b) WATER
 c) GREEN        d) DUST
TYPE - IV
• In a certain code, ‘nee po tam’ means
  ‘boys are studying’, ‘me tam sam’ means
  ‘grapes are sour’ and ‘ism po me’ means
  ‘boys eats grapes’. Which of the
  following is the code for ‘sour’ in that
  language?
a) ism   b) tam    c) me   d) None of these
• In a certain code, ‘col tip mot’ means
  ‘singing is appreciable’, ‘mot baj min’
  means ‘dancing is good’ and ‘tip nop
  baj’ means ‘singing and dancing’. Which
  of the following means ‘good’ in that
  code?

a) Mot             b) min
c) baj             d) Can’t be determined
• In a certain language, ‘pit nae tom’
  means ‘apple is green’, ‘nae ho tap’
  means ‘green and white’ and ‘ho tom
  ka’ means ‘shirt is white’. Which of
  the following represent the apple in
  the code?

a) nae   b) tem    c) pit    d) ho
Type – V
• In a certain code 289 means ‘read
  from paper’, 276 means ‘read from
  field’ and 85 means ‘wall paper’. Which
  of the following is the code for
  ‘paper’?


 a) 2    b) 8      c) 9      d) None
• In certain code ‘786’ means ‘study
  very hard’, 958 means ‘hard work pays’
  and 645 means ‘study and work’.
  Which is the code for ‘very’?

a) 8   b) 6   c) 7    d) can’t be determined
Gk   reasoning & codingdecoding

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Gk reasoning & codingdecoding

  • 2. Analytical Reasoning • This kind of reasoning includes questions based upon a complicated set of conditions. • A passage full of information is given that creates a sort of puzzle. • What you are required to do is to keep in mind these conditions and the relationships among them and answer the questions asked.
  • 3. Rule 1 The question itself is the answer • Read the entire question slowly and repeatedly until you have gained a clear understanding of the question. • Understand not just the explicit meanings; look out for the implicit ones too.
  • 4. Rule 2 Don’t jump from one statement to another • These questions require to understand a complex set of conditions; not single statements • Understand completely the words you are reading, then only move to the next statement. • Never skip any statement.
  • 5. Rule 3 Simplify Information by Using Symbols and Notations • Lengthy expressions and various relationships can make understanding difficult. • Develop a set of notations, symbols and abbreviations which are rather easy to understand and conceptualize.
  • 6. Rule 4 Give Special Emphasis on Keywords • Certain words hold the keys for unlocking the problems. • These words give clear guidelines for solving the puzzle. • Highlight these keywords that limit the situation critically.
  • 7. Rule 5 Organize, Organize, Organize • It usually happens and is very much possible that you’ll end up with a mass of information after studying the whole problem. • It is very helpful to convert this mass of information into organized forms such as lists, tables, maps or diagrams.
  • 8. Rule 6 Beware of Reading Too Much into the Conditions • Take care to avoid assumptions which are not unwarranted by the conditions stated in the problem.
  • 10. Example 1 If NUMERICAL is written as MVLFQJBBK, then how would ASTROLOGY would be written in this code a) BRSTMNNHX b) ZTSSNMNHX c) ZTUSPMPEZ d) BRSSNKNHX
  • 11. Example2 • If IMPORT is written USPQNJ, then how will CAPITAL be written in this code? a) MBUJQBD b) KZSHOZB c) MUBJBDQ d) MBQJUBD
  • 12. If MAN is written NZM, then how will GIRL be written in this code? a) HHQK b) RTIO c) HJLM d) GIKL
  • 13. If COBRA is written BOCAR, then how will GROUP be written in this code? a) ORPGU b) OGRPU c) ORTAU d) ORGPU
  • 14. If ALLOWANCE is written ZMKPVBMDD, then how will DEARNESS be written in this code? a) CFBAODTR b) EDZQMFRT c) CDZTMFTR d) CFZSMFRT
  • 15. If RESCUE is written SDTBVD, then how will EROSION be written in this code? a) FSPTJMO b) FQPRJNO c) DSRPHPM d) FQPRJPM
  • 16. TYPE – II In a certain language, A is coded as 1, B is coded as 2, and so on. How will FADCCBM coded in that language? a) 61433213 b) 13233416 c) 6243313 d) 51433123
  • 17. • If a certain code BEAUTIFUL is coded as 573041208, Butter as 504479, how is future coded in that code? a) 201497 b) 204097 c) 704092 d) 204079
  • 18. • In a certain code, 5 is coded as Z, 7 s E, 2 as S, 9 as T, and 4 as W. How is 977452 coded in that code? a) SEEWTZ b) TEEWZS c) ZEEWST d) WEEZST
  • 19. • Is CAT is coded as 24, what will be the code number for BAT? a) 32 b) 21 c) 23 d) 42
  • 20. • In a certain language, A is coded as 1, B is coded as 2, and so on, how is STAR coded in that language? • In a certain language, P is coded as 7, T as 3, O as 4, R as 9and A as 2, how is PARROT coded in that language?
  • 21. • In a certain language, if BOX is coded as 213, BITTER as 207749, how is BOXER coded in that language? • In a certain language, BETTER is coded as 027729, and BUT as 017, how is BUTTER coded in that language?
  • 22. • In a certain language, 23 is coded as OX, 529 as FOR, and 0229 as DOOR, how is 235290 coded in that language? • In a certain language, if BOOK is coded as 43, what will be the code number for PEN?
  • 23. • In a certain language, if TOWER is coded as 81, what will be the code number for POWER? • In a certain language, if MAN is coded as 28, what will be the code number for CHILD?
  • 24. Type - III • If ORANGE is called BUTTER, BUTTER is called SOAP, SOAP is called INK, INK is called HONEY and HONEY is called ORANGE, which of the following is used for writing? a) Honey b) Butter c) Orange d) Ink
  • 25. • If WATER is called FOOD, FOOD is called TREE, TREE is called SKY, SKY is called WALL, on which of the following will you hang a painting? a) Food b) Sky c) Tree d) Wall
  • 26. • If LIGHT is called DARK, DARK is called GREEN, GREEN is called BLUE, BLUE is called RED, RED is called WHITE and WHITE is called YELLOW, what is the color of blood? a) RED b) GREEN c) YELLOW d) WHITE
  • 27. • If WATER is called BLACK, BLACK is called TREE, TREE is called BLUE, BLUE is called RAIN, RAIN is called PINK and PINK is called FISH, what is the color of sky? a) RAIN b) BLACK c) PINK d) TREE
  • 28. • If BLACK means WHITE, WHITE means RED, RED means YELLOW, YELLOW means BLUE, BLUE means GREEN, GREEN means VIOLET and VIOLET means ORANGE, what is the color of sky? a) GREEN b) VIOLET c) ORANGE d) YELLOW
  • 29. • If RAIN is called PINK, PINK is called CLOUD, CL:OUD is called WATER, WATER is called BREEZE and BREEZE is called MOON, what do you wash your hands with? a) WATER b) RAIN c) BREEZE c) MOON
  • 30. • If the animals which can walk are called SWIMMERS, animals which can crawl are called FLYING, animals which live in water are called SNAKES, and those which fly are called hunters, then what will a lizard be called? a) SWIMMER b) SNAKE c) HUNTER d) FLYING
  • 31. • If CLOUD is called WHITE, WHITE is called RAIN, RAIN is called GREEN, GREEN is called AIR, AIR is called BLUE and BLUE is called WATER, where do the birds fly in? a) AIR b) CLOUD c) WHITE d) BLUE
  • 32. • If AIR is called WATER, WATER is called GREEN, GREEN Is called DUST, DUST is called YELLOW and YELLOW is called CLOUD, where do fish live? a) AIR b) WATER c) GREEN d) DUST
  • 33. TYPE - IV • In a certain code, ‘nee po tam’ means ‘boys are studying’, ‘me tam sam’ means ‘grapes are sour’ and ‘ism po me’ means ‘boys eats grapes’. Which of the following is the code for ‘sour’ in that language? a) ism b) tam c) me d) None of these
  • 34. • In a certain code, ‘col tip mot’ means ‘singing is appreciable’, ‘mot baj min’ means ‘dancing is good’ and ‘tip nop baj’ means ‘singing and dancing’. Which of the following means ‘good’ in that code? a) Mot b) min c) baj d) Can’t be determined
  • 35. • In a certain language, ‘pit nae tom’ means ‘apple is green’, ‘nae ho tap’ means ‘green and white’ and ‘ho tom ka’ means ‘shirt is white’. Which of the following represent the apple in the code? a) nae b) tem c) pit d) ho
  • 36. Type – V • In a certain code 289 means ‘read from paper’, 276 means ‘read from field’ and 85 means ‘wall paper’. Which of the following is the code for ‘paper’? a) 2 b) 8 c) 9 d) None
  • 37. • In certain code ‘786’ means ‘study very hard’, 958 means ‘hard work pays’ and 645 means ‘study and work’. Which is the code for ‘very’? a) 8 b) 6 c) 7 d) can’t be determined