GESTATIONAL DIABETES
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Gestational diabetes is a condition where women without pre-existing diabetes experience high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. It is diagnosed if glucose intolerance persists after 24-28 weeks of gestation. It can be classified as Type A1, managed with diet, or Type A2, requiring insulin or medications in addition to diet. Management involves explaining the implications of gestational diabetes to the mother, treating it with changes in diet, exercise, and possibly medicines, and teaching self-monitoring of blood glucose. Treatment depends on fasting plasma glucose levels and can involve diet and exercise alone for mild cases or immediate insulin with or without other measures for more severe cases.
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Hypoglycemia Hyperglycemia In The Pregnant Patient
This document discusses hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia in pregnancy. It defines normal blood glucose levels during pregnancy and classifications of diabetes in pregnant women. It covers screening, signs and symptoms, and management of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia in pregnancy. Potential complications of uncontrolled blood sugar levels during pregnancy are also outlined. A case study example is provided to demonstrate discussion and management of gestational diabetes.
Gestational diabetes mellitus
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition in which a hormone made by the placenta prevents the body from using insulin effectively. Glucose builds up in the blood instead of being absorbed by the cells.
Titration of insulin
Titration of insulin over time is critical to improving glycaemic control and preventing diabetes-related complications.
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Gestational diabetes Mellitus is defined as:
“Glucose intolerance of any severity with onset or first recognition during pregnancy”
This definition is applicable irrespective of whether the condition resolves after delivery or not.
It does not exclude the possibility that diabetes could have antedated pregnancy.
glucose tolerance test indication and procedure
The glucose tolerance test involves measuring blood glucose levels before and after consuming a glucose drink, to evaluate a person's ability to metabolize glucose. It is used to help diagnose diabetes and evaluate hypoglycemia. During the test, fasting blood glucose is measured and the patient drinks a glucose solution. Further blood samples are taken over 2-3 hours to analyze the glucose curve and see how quickly levels return to normal. Abnormal curves can indicate diabetes, renal glycosuria, or other conditions. Precise procedures, interpretations, and clinical significance are provided.
Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes mellitus is a condition where the body cannot properly use glucose from food for energy due to a lack of or issues with insulin. There are two main types - type 1 occurs when the pancreas cannot produce insulin and type 2 occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin or the insulin does not work properly. Management focuses on controlling blood sugar levels through diet, exercise, medication like insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents, and monitoring to prevent complications. Nursing care involves education on nutrition, medication administration, monitoring blood sugar, foot care, and supporting lifestyle changes.
Postprandial
The document discusses postprandial hyperglycemia (high blood sugar after eating) as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It provides details on the management of postprandial hyperglycemia, including non-pharmacological interventions like diet and exercise as well as pharmacological agents that target post-meal blood sugar spikes. These include meglitinides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, prandial insulin, GLP-1 analogues, and DPP-4 inhibitors. The document emphasizes that controlling post-meal hyperglycemia is important for achieving optimal overall blood sugar control and reducing complications.
Screening for Diabetes in Pregnancy
Screening for gestational diabetes should be performed for all pregnant women between 24-28 weeks of gestation, and earlier for those with risk factors. Risk factors include family history of diabetes, past gestational diabetes, older age, obesity, and certain ethnicities. An initial 50g glucose challenge test screens for high blood sugar, and abnormal results require a 100g oral glucose tolerance test to diagnose gestational diabetes. Regular monitoring during pregnancy looks for complications in both mother and baby.
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Hypoglycemia Hyperglycemia In The Pregnant Patient
This document discusses hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia in pregnancy. It defines normal blood glucose levels during pregnancy and classifications of diabetes in pregnant women. It covers screening, signs and symptoms, and management of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia in pregnancy. Potential complications of uncontrolled blood sugar levels during pregnancy are also outlined. A case study example is provided to demonstrate discussion and management of gestational diabetes.
Gestational diabetes mellitus
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition in which a hormone made by the placenta prevents the body from using insulin effectively. Glucose builds up in the blood instead of being absorbed by the cells.
Titration of insulin
Titration of insulin over time is critical to improving glycaemic control and preventing diabetes-related complications.
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Gestational diabetes Mellitus is defined as:
“Glucose intolerance of any severity with onset or first recognition during pregnancy”
This definition is applicable irrespective of whether the condition resolves after delivery or not.
It does not exclude the possibility that diabetes could have antedated pregnancy.
glucose tolerance test indication and procedure
The glucose tolerance test involves measuring blood glucose levels before and after consuming a glucose drink, to evaluate a person's ability to metabolize glucose. It is used to help diagnose diabetes and evaluate hypoglycemia. During the test, fasting blood glucose is measured and the patient drinks a glucose solution. Further blood samples are taken over 2-3 hours to analyze the glucose curve and see how quickly levels return to normal. Abnormal curves can indicate diabetes, renal glycosuria, or other conditions. Precise procedures, interpretations, and clinical significance are provided.
Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes mellitus is a condition where the body cannot properly use glucose from food for energy due to a lack of or issues with insulin. There are two main types - type 1 occurs when the pancreas cannot produce insulin and type 2 occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin or the insulin does not work properly. Management focuses on controlling blood sugar levels through diet, exercise, medication like insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents, and monitoring to prevent complications. Nursing care involves education on nutrition, medication administration, monitoring blood sugar, foot care, and supporting lifestyle changes.
Postprandial
The document discusses postprandial hyperglycemia (high blood sugar after eating) as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It provides details on the management of postprandial hyperglycemia, including non-pharmacological interventions like diet and exercise as well as pharmacological agents that target post-meal blood sugar spikes. These include meglitinides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, prandial insulin, GLP-1 analogues, and DPP-4 inhibitors. The document emphasizes that controlling post-meal hyperglycemia is important for achieving optimal overall blood sugar control and reducing complications.
Screening for Diabetes in Pregnancy
Screening for gestational diabetes should be performed for all pregnant women between 24-28 weeks of gestation, and earlier for those with risk factors. Risk factors include family history of diabetes, past gestational diabetes, older age, obesity, and certain ethnicities. An initial 50g glucose challenge test screens for high blood sugar, and abnormal results require a 100g oral glucose tolerance test to diagnose gestational diabetes. Regular monitoring during pregnancy looks for complications in both mother and baby.
Glucose tolerance test
Glucose tolerance test (GTT) is a test in which blood glucose level is measured. in this topic we learn about GTT defination, procedure, preparation, normal value, notes, result for GTT.
the most common way to measure GTT is ORAL GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST.
Glucose post prandial blood test
The Blood Glucose Postprandial (PP) Test is performed to measure glucose levels in the blood after a period of 2 hours from the start of last meal to screen for Prediabetes and Diabetes Types 1 and 2. The word ‘Postprandial’ means after eating a meal.
Reference: https://www.1mg.com/labs/test/glucose-postprandial-blood-1784
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Gestational diabetes is a form of diabetes that develops during pregnancy due to hormonal changes and genetic factors. It can cause high blood sugar levels that increase risks for both mother and baby. While clinical signs may not always be apparent, common manifestations include blurred vision, fatigue, frequent infections, increased thirst and urination, nausea, and weight loss. Risk factors include previous gestational diabetes, family history of diabetes, high-risk ethnicity, overweight, and advanced maternal age. Treatment focuses on maintaining a balanced diet, regular exercise, blood sugar monitoring, and possibly insulin to control levels. The goals are to promote healthy fetal development and prevent complications.
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition that develops during pregnancy when the body is not able to make enough insulin. GDM affects 2-10% of women during pregnancy.It is important to recognize and treat gestational diabetes as soon as possible to minimize the risk of complications to mother and baby.
Diabetes
Type II diabetes and gestational diabetes can be treated through nutritional management. Obese individuals have the highest risk of developing type II diabetes due to insulin resistance and metabolic alterations caused by excess fat accumulation. Nutritional therapy focuses on controlling blood glucose levels through moderate calorie, low-fat, high-fiber diets with balanced macronutrients. For gestational diabetes, nutritional management is similar but carb intake is slightly lower to prevent ketosis in both mother and baby. The goal is to support a healthy pregnancy and delivery for both.
RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES AND PRE-ECLAMPSIA
Gestational Diabetes is a highly prevalent condition, which has a great impact on maternal and fetal Health. It a condition triggered by metabolic adaption, which occurs during the second half of pregnancy. The aim of this review to discuss the advances in management of GDM, as well as their implications in the field, the issue of hyperglycemia in early pregnancy. Pre-eclampsia is a multisystemic disease characterized by the development of hypertension after 20 weeks of gestation, with the presence of proteinuria or, in its absence, of signs or symptoms indicative of target organ injury.
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus case studies by Diabetesasia.org
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus case studies by Diabetesasia.orgJain hospital,Mahavir Sikshan Sansthan
Our aim is to alleviate human suffering related to diabetes and its complications among those least able to withstand the burden of the disease. From 2002 to March 2017, the World Diabetes Foundation provided USD 130 million in funding to 511 projects in 115 countries. For every dollar spent, the Foundation raises approximately 2 dollars in cash or as in-kind donations from other sources. The total value of the WDF project portfolio reached USD 377 million, excluding WDF’s own advocacy and strategic platforms.Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy
This document provides an overview of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy. It defines diabetes in pregnancy and gestational diabetes, and discusses their incidence rates. It describes the screening, diagnosis, and management of diabetes in pregnancy. The document outlines the maternal and fetal effects of diabetes during pregnancy and notes increased risks of complications. It emphasizes the importance of glucose monitoring and medical nutrition therapy in managing diabetes in pregnancy.
Philippine Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of T...
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This document presents guidelines from a consensus panel of Philippine diabetes organizations for the screening, diagnosis, and management of type 2 diabetes in the Philippines. It includes:
1. Recommendations for annual screening of individuals over 40 or those with risk factors, using fasting plasma glucose as the preferred initial test.
2. Criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes based on fasting plasma glucose, random plasma glucose, and oral glucose tolerance tests.
3. Algorithms outlining testing and follow up procedures based on risk factors and initial test results.
4. Notes that complications are often already present at diagnosis in the Philippine context, emphasizing the need for prevention and control efforts.Diabetes & pregnancy.pptx
Important core knowledge about management of diabetic female in pregnancy and what are the possible fetal and neonatal complications and risk factors.
book: Obstetrics by Ten teachers.
Diagnosis Tessts in Diabetes Mellitus_ Dr Selim
This document provides information about various diagnostic tests for diabetes, including glucose tolerance tests and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) tests. It discusses the different types of glucose tolerance tests, how they are performed and interpreted. It also outlines the use of HbA1c testing to assess long-term glycemic control in patients with diabetes and the guidelines for treatment targets based on HbA1c levels. Laboratory methods for measuring HbA1c are also mentioned.
Genetics of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
This document discusses genetics of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). It defines GDM and outlines its diagnostic criteria. It describes the hormonal and metabolic changes in pregnancy that lead to increased insulin resistance and the pathogenesis of GDM. The importance of GDM is discussed in terms of its prevalence and complications for both mother and fetus. The document notes that GDM and type 2 diabetes share a genetic basis and family history is a risk factor. It proposes investigating whether genes linked to type 2 diabetes are also associated with GDM in Bangladeshi women. An overview of approaches for genetic studies like candidate gene and genome-wide association studies is provided.
Gestational diabetes
Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy and usually disappears after giving birth. It occurs in 2-10% of pregnancies due to hormonal changes reducing the body's ability to use insulin. While most women have no symptoms, screening tests are done between 24-28 weeks of pregnancy to check blood sugar levels. Eating a healthy diet and exercise can help manage gestational diabetes and reduce risks to both mother and baby like high birth weight or developing diabetes later in life.
Gestational diabetes
Gestational diabetes occurs in approximately 5% of pregnancies and results in high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. It develops when the placenta produces hormones that prevent the mother's cells from properly using insulin. To manage gestational diabetes, patients must monitor their blood sugar levels, follow a healthy diet with balanced carbohydrate intake, engage in moderate physical activity, and potentially take insulin or other medications. Maintaining blood sugar control is important for the health of both the mother and baby.
Gestational diabetes
This document discusses gestational diabetes, a form of diabetes that affects women during pregnancy. It is caused by pregnancy hormones blocking insulin's ability to regulate blood sugar levels. Most women with gestational diabetes can control it through diet, exercise, blood sugar monitoring, and medical treatment if needed. While it can increase risks for the mother and baby, managing the condition well can help avoid complications and allow for healthy deliveries. The key is keeping blood sugar levels within target ranges to support the baby's growth.
Glucose Tolerance Test
The document defines and describes the glucose tolerance test (GTT), also known as the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). It provides information on:
- Indications for the GTT include diagnosing diabetes in doubtful cases, during pregnancy with risk factors, and to rule out renal glycosuria.
- Contraindications include confirmed diabetes and using it for follow-up rather than initial diagnosis.
- The test involves fasting overnight, drinking a glucose load, and having blood samples taken at baseline and 2 hours to measure the blood glucose response.
- Normal values are a fasting blood glucose below 110 mg/dL and a 2-hour post-load value below 140 mg/dL. Higher values meet
Gdm r.bahall
Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a form of diabetes that develops during pregnancy and affects approximately 7% of pregnancies globally. It occurs when the placenta produces hormones that block the mother's cells from properly using insulin. This makes it difficult to control blood sugar levels and can threaten the health of both mother and baby if not managed. Women are screened and diagnosed with a glucose tolerance test showing high blood sugar. Treatment involves monitoring blood sugar, dietary changes, exercise and sometimes insulin to control levels and prevent complications like preeclampsia, macrosomia and future diabetes. After delivery, blood sugar levels return to normal in most cases but women have a higher lifelong risk of type 2 diabetes.
Gestational+Diabetes
Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy. It occurs when hormones and weight gain during pregnancy make it difficult for the body to produce enough insulin to meet increased energy needs. Left untreated, it can increase risks for both mother and baby, such as the baby being large or having breathing problems. It is diagnosed through blood tests and treated by following a meal plan, exercising, and potentially taking insulin to control blood glucose levels. After pregnancy, most women no longer have diabetes, but they remain at higher risk for developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
Screening for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Early screening of Diabetes Mellitus can prevent the unwanted complications of Diabetes Mellitus like diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic foot, etc.
Glucose Tolerance Test
1. The glucose tolerance test analyzes the body's ability to metabolize a heavy glucose load. It involves collecting blood samples at regular intervals over 2 hours after consuming a glucose drink to check the blood glucose levels.
2. The standard glucose dose is 75g for adults and 1.75g per kg of body weight for children, consumed within 5 minutes. Blood samples are collected before and every 30 minutes for 2 hours after consumption.
3. An abnormal glucose tolerance test curve can indicate conditions like alimentary glucosuria, renal glucosuria, or diabetes mellitus based on which blood glucose and urine glucose levels are elevated at which time intervals.
Hypoglycemia Hyperglycemia In The Pregnant Patient
This document discusses normal and abnormal blood glucose levels in pregnancy. It defines gestational diabetes and outlines screening and management. Hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia in pregnancy are defined, along with their signs, symptoms, and treatment. Complications of uncontrolled diabetes in pregnancy include birth defects, large baby, preterm birth, and pregnancy complications. Prevention includes healthy lifestyle before and during pregnancy.
Diabetes In Pregnancy
This document summarizes diabetes mellitus (DM) and its management during pregnancy. It discusses the different types of DM, including pre-existing type 1 and type 2 DM as well as gestational DM. It outlines the physiological changes in pregnancy that can affect blood sugar levels. Diagnosis and treatment aims to achieve tight glycemic control before and during pregnancy to prevent complications such as fetal macrosomia and neonatal hypoglycemia. Management involves medical nutrition therapy, exercise, insulin therapy, and monitoring throughout pregnancy and the postpartum period. Complications of both maternal DM and infant outcomes are also summarized.
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Glucose tolerance test
Glucose tolerance test (GTT) is a test in which blood glucose level is measured. in this topic we learn about GTT defination, procedure, preparation, normal value, notes, result for GTT.
the most common way to measure GTT is ORAL GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST.
Glucose post prandial blood test
The Blood Glucose Postprandial (PP) Test is performed to measure glucose levels in the blood after a period of 2 hours from the start of last meal to screen for Prediabetes and Diabetes Types 1 and 2. The word ‘Postprandial’ means after eating a meal.
Reference: https://www.1mg.com/labs/test/glucose-postprandial-blood-1784
Group project
Gestational diabetes is a form of diabetes that develops during pregnancy due to hormonal changes and genetic factors. It can cause high blood sugar levels that increase risks for both mother and baby. While clinical signs may not always be apparent, common manifestations include blurred vision, fatigue, frequent infections, increased thirst and urination, nausea, and weight loss. Risk factors include previous gestational diabetes, family history of diabetes, high-risk ethnicity, overweight, and advanced maternal age. Treatment focuses on maintaining a balanced diet, regular exercise, blood sugar monitoring, and possibly insulin to control levels. The goals are to promote healthy fetal development and prevent complications.
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition that develops during pregnancy when the body is not able to make enough insulin. GDM affects 2-10% of women during pregnancy.It is important to recognize and treat gestational diabetes as soon as possible to minimize the risk of complications to mother and baby.
Diabetes
Type II diabetes and gestational diabetes can be treated through nutritional management. Obese individuals have the highest risk of developing type II diabetes due to insulin resistance and metabolic alterations caused by excess fat accumulation. Nutritional therapy focuses on controlling blood glucose levels through moderate calorie, low-fat, high-fiber diets with balanced macronutrients. For gestational diabetes, nutritional management is similar but carb intake is slightly lower to prevent ketosis in both mother and baby. The goal is to support a healthy pregnancy and delivery for both.
RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES AND PRE-ECLAMPSIA
Gestational Diabetes is a highly prevalent condition, which has a great impact on maternal and fetal Health. It a condition triggered by metabolic adaption, which occurs during the second half of pregnancy. The aim of this review to discuss the advances in management of GDM, as well as their implications in the field, the issue of hyperglycemia in early pregnancy. Pre-eclampsia is a multisystemic disease characterized by the development of hypertension after 20 weeks of gestation, with the presence of proteinuria or, in its absence, of signs or symptoms indicative of target organ injury.
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus case studies by Diabetesasia.org
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus case studies by Diabetesasia.orgJain hospital,Mahavir Sikshan Sansthan
Our aim is to alleviate human suffering related to diabetes and its complications among those least able to withstand the burden of the disease. From 2002 to March 2017, the World Diabetes Foundation provided USD 130 million in funding to 511 projects in 115 countries. For every dollar spent, the Foundation raises approximately 2 dollars in cash or as in-kind donations from other sources. The total value of the WDF project portfolio reached USD 377 million, excluding WDF’s own advocacy and strategic platforms.Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy
This document provides an overview of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy. It defines diabetes in pregnancy and gestational diabetes, and discusses their incidence rates. It describes the screening, diagnosis, and management of diabetes in pregnancy. The document outlines the maternal and fetal effects of diabetes during pregnancy and notes increased risks of complications. It emphasizes the importance of glucose monitoring and medical nutrition therapy in managing diabetes in pregnancy.
Philippine Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of T...
Philippine Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of T...Iris Thiele Isip-Tan
This document presents guidelines from a consensus panel of Philippine diabetes organizations for the screening, diagnosis, and management of type 2 diabetes in the Philippines. It includes:
1. Recommendations for annual screening of individuals over 40 or those with risk factors, using fasting plasma glucose as the preferred initial test.
2. Criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes based on fasting plasma glucose, random plasma glucose, and oral glucose tolerance tests.
3. Algorithms outlining testing and follow up procedures based on risk factors and initial test results.
4. Notes that complications are often already present at diagnosis in the Philippine context, emphasizing the need for prevention and control efforts.Diabetes & pregnancy.pptx
Important core knowledge about management of diabetic female in pregnancy and what are the possible fetal and neonatal complications and risk factors.
book: Obstetrics by Ten teachers.
Diagnosis Tessts in Diabetes Mellitus_ Dr Selim
This document provides information about various diagnostic tests for diabetes, including glucose tolerance tests and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) tests. It discusses the different types of glucose tolerance tests, how they are performed and interpreted. It also outlines the use of HbA1c testing to assess long-term glycemic control in patients with diabetes and the guidelines for treatment targets based on HbA1c levels. Laboratory methods for measuring HbA1c are also mentioned.
Genetics of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
This document discusses genetics of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). It defines GDM and outlines its diagnostic criteria. It describes the hormonal and metabolic changes in pregnancy that lead to increased insulin resistance and the pathogenesis of GDM. The importance of GDM is discussed in terms of its prevalence and complications for both mother and fetus. The document notes that GDM and type 2 diabetes share a genetic basis and family history is a risk factor. It proposes investigating whether genes linked to type 2 diabetes are also associated with GDM in Bangladeshi women. An overview of approaches for genetic studies like candidate gene and genome-wide association studies is provided.
Gestational diabetes
Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy and usually disappears after giving birth. It occurs in 2-10% of pregnancies due to hormonal changes reducing the body's ability to use insulin. While most women have no symptoms, screening tests are done between 24-28 weeks of pregnancy to check blood sugar levels. Eating a healthy diet and exercise can help manage gestational diabetes and reduce risks to both mother and baby like high birth weight or developing diabetes later in life.
Gestational diabetes
Gestational diabetes occurs in approximately 5% of pregnancies and results in high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. It develops when the placenta produces hormones that prevent the mother's cells from properly using insulin. To manage gestational diabetes, patients must monitor their blood sugar levels, follow a healthy diet with balanced carbohydrate intake, engage in moderate physical activity, and potentially take insulin or other medications. Maintaining blood sugar control is important for the health of both the mother and baby.
Gestational diabetes
This document discusses gestational diabetes, a form of diabetes that affects women during pregnancy. It is caused by pregnancy hormones blocking insulin's ability to regulate blood sugar levels. Most women with gestational diabetes can control it through diet, exercise, blood sugar monitoring, and medical treatment if needed. While it can increase risks for the mother and baby, managing the condition well can help avoid complications and allow for healthy deliveries. The key is keeping blood sugar levels within target ranges to support the baby's growth.
Glucose Tolerance Test
The document defines and describes the glucose tolerance test (GTT), also known as the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). It provides information on:
- Indications for the GTT include diagnosing diabetes in doubtful cases, during pregnancy with risk factors, and to rule out renal glycosuria.
- Contraindications include confirmed diabetes and using it for follow-up rather than initial diagnosis.
- The test involves fasting overnight, drinking a glucose load, and having blood samples taken at baseline and 2 hours to measure the blood glucose response.
- Normal values are a fasting blood glucose below 110 mg/dL and a 2-hour post-load value below 140 mg/dL. Higher values meet
Gdm r.bahall
Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a form of diabetes that develops during pregnancy and affects approximately 7% of pregnancies globally. It occurs when the placenta produces hormones that block the mother's cells from properly using insulin. This makes it difficult to control blood sugar levels and can threaten the health of both mother and baby if not managed. Women are screened and diagnosed with a glucose tolerance test showing high blood sugar. Treatment involves monitoring blood sugar, dietary changes, exercise and sometimes insulin to control levels and prevent complications like preeclampsia, macrosomia and future diabetes. After delivery, blood sugar levels return to normal in most cases but women have a higher lifelong risk of type 2 diabetes.
Gestational+Diabetes
Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy. It occurs when hormones and weight gain during pregnancy make it difficult for the body to produce enough insulin to meet increased energy needs. Left untreated, it can increase risks for both mother and baby, such as the baby being large or having breathing problems. It is diagnosed through blood tests and treated by following a meal plan, exercising, and potentially taking insulin to control blood glucose levels. After pregnancy, most women no longer have diabetes, but they remain at higher risk for developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
Screening for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Early screening of Diabetes Mellitus can prevent the unwanted complications of Diabetes Mellitus like diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic foot, etc.
Glucose Tolerance Test
1. The glucose tolerance test analyzes the body's ability to metabolize a heavy glucose load. It involves collecting blood samples at regular intervals over 2 hours after consuming a glucose drink to check the blood glucose levels.
2. The standard glucose dose is 75g for adults and 1.75g per kg of body weight for children, consumed within 5 minutes. Blood samples are collected before and every 30 minutes for 2 hours after consumption.
3. An abnormal glucose tolerance test curve can indicate conditions like alimentary glucosuria, renal glucosuria, or diabetes mellitus based on which blood glucose and urine glucose levels are elevated at which time intervals.
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RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES AND PRE-ECLAMPSIA
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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus case studies by Diabetesasia.org
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus case studies by Diabetesasia.org
Philippine Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of T...
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Hypoglycemia Hyperglycemia In The Pregnant Patient
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This document summarizes diabetes mellitus (DM) and its management during pregnancy. It discusses the different types of DM, including pre-existing type 1 and type 2 DM as well as gestational DM. It outlines the physiological changes in pregnancy that can affect blood sugar levels. Diagnosis and treatment aims to achieve tight glycemic control before and during pregnancy to prevent complications such as fetal macrosomia and neonatal hypoglycemia. Management involves medical nutrition therapy, exercise, insulin therapy, and monitoring throughout pregnancy and the postpartum period. Complications of both maternal DM and infant outcomes are also summarized.
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This document provides information on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), including its definition, risk factors, pathophysiology, screening methods, complications, and management. GDM is glucose intolerance that develops during pregnancy and can cause issues for both the mother and baby if not properly managed. The key aspects discussed are:
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- Risk factors include family history of diabetes, previous large baby, and obesity.
- Screening typically occurs between 24-28 weeks using a 75g oral glucose tolerance test.
- Complications for the mother include preeclampsia and operative delivery, while risks for
Diabetes Mellitus
Type 1 diabetes is caused by the immune system destroying insulin-producing cells. Type 2 diabetes is caused by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy due to increased insulin needs. Diabetes is managed through diet, exercise, medication including insulin, and monitoring of blood sugar levels. Complications of uncontrolled diabetes include foot ulcers and infections, ketoacidosis, and other conditions.
Diabetes in Pregnancy.pptx
This document discusses diabetes in pregnancy. It defines pre-existing diabetes and gestational diabetes, and explains how placental hormones can cause insulin resistance during pregnancy. Poorly managed diabetes in pregnancy can lead to complications for both mother and fetus like macrosomia and hypoglycemia. Screening involves oral glucose tolerance tests. Management includes medical nutrition therapy, exercise, glucose monitoring, and possible insulin or metformin. Close monitoring of the fetus is also needed to watch for complications.
Diabetes Mellitus And Its Treatment
This document discusses diabetes mellitus (DM), including the different types of DM, symptoms, causes, long-term effects, risk factors, and management strategies. It defines DM as a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to defects in insulin production or action. The three main types of DM are type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes. Management involves lifestyle changes like diet and exercise, oral medications, and sometimes insulin therapy, with the goal of controlling blood glucose levels to minimize health complications.
Gestational diabetes
Gestational diabetes is a form of diabetes that develops during pregnancy in women who did not previously have diabetes. It occurs in 3-10% of pregnancies due to increased insulin resistance caused by pregnancy hormones. Women with gestational diabetes have high blood glucose levels because their bodies do not produce enough insulin to meet the increased demands of pregnancy. Gestational diabetes can lead to complications for both mother and baby such as macrosomia, increased delivery risks, and the potential to develop type 2 diabetes later in life. It is managed through lifestyle changes, medication including insulin if needed, and monitoring of blood glucose levels and fetal growth during pregnancy.
Ruba presentation
Gestational diabetes occurs when glucose intolerance is first recognized during pregnancy. Risk factors include obesity, family history of diabetes, and previous large babies. The placenta produces hormones that help the fetus but make the mother more resistant to insulin. This can cause high blood sugar, especially after meals. Left untreated, it increases the risks of complications for both mother and baby like preeclampsia and having a large baby. Management involves blood sugar monitoring, medical nutrition therapy, exercise if approved, and possibly insulin to control sugar levels and minimize risks.
GDM
This document discusses diabetes mellitus in pregnancy. It defines diabetes and classifies its types. Gestational diabetes is the most common type seen in pregnancy, accounting for 90% of diabetes cases. Pregnancy increases the risk of developing diabetes due to placental hormones that cause insulin resistance. Screening and management of diabetes in pregnancy is important to prevent complications for both mother and fetus such as macrosomia, shoulder dystocia, and preeclampsia. Treatment involves diet, exercise, blood sugar monitoring, and possibly insulin therapy.
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Gestational dm
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a type of diabetes that is first diagnosed during pregnancy. It occurs when pregnancy hormones cause the body to become resistant to insulin, sometimes resulting in high blood glucose levels. Women with GDM are at risk of complications during pregnancy like macrosomia and preeclampsia. They are screened between 24-28 weeks and treated with diet, exercise, and sometimes insulin to control blood glucose. After delivery, blood glucose levels often return to normal, but women have a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. Strict glucose monitoring and control are important to prevent fetal and maternal complications of GDM.
Gestational Diabetes by Dr Shahjada Selim
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy and usually resolves after giving birth. However, women with GDM have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. The document discusses the pathophysiology, risk factors, screening and diagnostic criteria, management, and long term risks of GDM. Key points include that GDM results from insufficient insulin production in the face of insulin resistance during pregnancy, and is diagnosed through an oral glucose tolerance test between 24-28 weeks of gestation. Treatment involves medical nutrition therapy, exercise, blood glucose monitoring, and possibly insulin to control blood sugar levels and minimize risks.
Diabetes and Pregnancy
Diabetes during pregnancy can take three forms: gestational diabetes, pre-existing type 1 or 2 diabetes. All three increase risks like large baby size and c-section. High blood glucose in the womb can also cause problems for the baby after birth. Screening guidelines recommend testing women at high risk and sometimes all pregnant women. Treatment focuses on tight blood glucose control through diet, exercise and insulin if needed to improve outcomes for both mother and baby.
Lecture 15 Diabetes in pregnancy
Diabetes during pregnancy, also known as gestational diabetes, is a condition in which a woman develops high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. This occurs when the body is unable to produce enough insulin to meet the increased demands of pregnancy.
Risk factors for gestational diabetes include:
Obesity
A family history of diabetes
A previous history of gestational diabetes
Being over the age of 25
Having given birth to a large baby or having had a stillbirth
Having polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Gestational diabetes can lead to a number of complications for both the mother and the baby, such as:
High blood pressure
Increased risk of preeclampsia
Increased risk of cesarean delivery
Increased risk of shoulder dystocia (a shoulder delivery complication)
Increased risk of macrosomia (a large baby)
Increased risk of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) in the newborn
Gestational diabetes can be diagnosed through a glucose tolerance test (GTT), which is usually done between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy. The treatment of gestational diabetes includes a healthy diet, regular physical activity and in some cases, insulin therapy.
It's important for pregnant women to be aware of the risk factors for gestational diabetes and to have their blood sugar levels tested during pregnancy. Close monitoring and management of gestational diabetes can help to minimize the risk of complications for both the mother and the baby. Additionally, after delivery, these women have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes later on in life.
GDM_ Dr Selim
1) Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a form of diabetes diagnosed during pregnancy that is not clearly type 1 or type 2 diabetes. It results from the body's inability to produce enough insulin or use it effectively, and puts both mother and baby at risk.
2) GDM is tested for between 24-28 weeks of gestation using a glucose challenge test and potentially an oral glucose tolerance test. It is treated through diet, exercise, blood glucose monitoring, and potentially insulin.
3) Both mother and baby can experience risks if GDM is not managed well, such as preeclampsia, macrosomia, and long-term metabolic disorders. Ongoing screening is important after pregnancy to
Diabetes&pregnancy
this presentation is mainly about gestational diabetes i also gave few informations regarding pregestational diabetes
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All about Gestational Diabetes Mellitus,
Diabetes during pregnancy, also known as gestational diabetes, occurs when high blood sugar levels develop during pregnancy and can affect both mother and baby. It is defined as glucose intolerance that begins or is first recognized during pregnancy. Risk factors include family history of diabetes, high BMI, and advanced maternal age. An oral glucose tolerance test is used to screen for gestational diabetes. Treatment involves dietary changes, exercise, glucose monitoring, and possible insulin or metformin medication. Complications for both mother and baby can include preterm birth, high birth weight, preeclampsia, and future type 2 diabetes.
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GESTATIONAL DIABETES
- 1. GESTATIONAL DIABETES DR. HAMZA KHAWAJA FAMILY MEDICINE INDUS HOSPITAL , SABZAZAR
- 3. DEFINITION Gestational diabetes is a condition in which a woman without diabetes develops high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. A woman is diagnosed with gestational diabetes when glucose intolerance continues beyond 24 to 28 weeks of gestation.
- 5. CLASSIFICATION TYPE A1: Abnormal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), but normal blood glucose levels during fasting and two hours after meals; diet modification is sufficient to control glucose levels. TYPE A2: Abnormal OGTT compounded by abnormal glucose levels during fasting and/or after meals; additional therapy with insulin or other medications is required.
- 14. MANAGEMENT Explain to women with gestational diabetes: The implications (both short and long term) of the diagnosis for her and her baby that good blood glucose control throughout pregnancy will reduce the risk of fetal macrosomia, trauma during birth (for her and her baby), induction of labour and/or caesarean section, neonatal hypoglycemia and perinatal death. Treatment includes changes in diet and exercise, and could involve medicines. Teach women with gestational diabetes how to self-monitor their blood glucose.
- 15. TREATMENT 1. For women with gestational diabetes who have a fasting plasma glucose level below < 7 mmol/litre at diagnosis, offer a trial of diet and exercise changes. If blood glucose targets are not met with diet and exercise changes within 1 to 2 weeks, offer metformin. If metformin is contraindicated or unacceptable to the woman, offer insulin. If blood glucose targets are not met with diet and exercise changes plus metformin, offer insulin as well.
- 16. 2. For women with gestational diabetes who have a fasting plasma glucose level of between 6.0 and 6.9 mmol/litre and complications such as macrosomia or hydroamnios, consider: Immediate treatment with insulin, with or without metformin and diet and exercise changes.
- 17. 3. For women with gestational diabetes who have a fasting plasma glucose level of above >7.0 mmol/litre at diagnosis, offer: Immediate treatment with insulin, with or without metformin and diet and exercise changes.