This is the presentation on the topic geothermal energy, which comes under the subject called Renewable Energy Sources which is took by a 7th sem student in AKTU

1. B Y- I S H I K A S H A R M A
G e o t h e r m a l E n e r g y : A
S u s t a i n a b l e H e a t S o u r c e

2. Geothermal energy is a sustainable and dependable power
source that utilizes Earth's natural heat, combining science
and renewable technology.
Geothermal energy
• Reliable Baseload : Provides consistent power,
unlike weather-dependent renewables.
• Low Carbon Emissions : Minimizes greenhouse gas
emissions, aiding climate goals.
• Global Potential : Accessible in many regions,
expanding clean energy reach.
• Sustainability : Inexhaustible source, ensuring long-
term renewable energy supply.
Significance

3. What is
Geothermal Energy?
"Geothermal energy harnesses Earth's
natural heat to provide a sustainable and
reliable source of power, exemplifying
the marriage of science and renewable
technology."
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4. How Does
Geothermal Energy
Work?
• Heat from the Earth's core is captured through drilling, and the
resulting hot water or steam is used for tasks like electricity
generation, heating, and cooling.
• Various application
• Geothermal Heat Source
• Geothermal Reservoirs
• Electricity Generation

5. Types of Geothermal
Systems
1.Direct Use Geothermal Systems:
• Application: Directly using hot water or steam from the Earth for
heating buildings, greenhouses, industrial processes, and spas.
• Example: Heating water for a swimming pool using naturally
occurring hot spring water.
2.Geothermal Power Generation:
• Application: Converting geothermal heat into electricity through
power plants.
• Example: A geothermal power plant using steam from
underground reservoirs to turn turbines and generate electricity.
3.Geothermal Heat Pump:
• Application: Efficiently heating and cooling buildings by
transferring heat to or from the Earth's subsurface.
• Example: A geothermal heat pump system in a house providing
both heating in winter and cooling in summer by exchanging heat
with the ground.

6. Types of 3 Power plants
Dry steam power plant Flash steam power plant Binary cycle power plant

7. Geothermal
Resources
Geothermal resources are typically found in regions near tectonic plate boundaries, where geological activity allows heat
from the Earth's interior to reach the surface. These areas include:
• Ring of Fire: Encircling the Pacific Ocean, this region is a major hotspot for geothermal resources due to the presence of
numerous tectonic plate boundaries and volcanic activity.
• Mid-Atlantic Ridge: Underwater volcanic activity along this ridge in the Atlantic Ocean also provides geothermal
potential.
• East African Rift: This geological rift system in East Africa is rich in geothermal resources, with countries like Kenya
and Ethiopia tapping into this energy source.
• Volcanic Regions: Areas with active or dormant volcanoes often have accessible geothermal reservoirs, such as Iceland
and parts of the western United States.
These locations have the right geological conditions for the development of geothermal reservoirs, making them prime areas
for harnessing geothermal energy.

8. Geothermal Power
Generation
• Heat Extraction: Geothermal power plants are located near underground
reservoirs of hot water or steam.
• Drilling Wells: Wells are drilled to access the geothermal reservoir.
• Steam or Hot Water: Hot water or steam is brought to the surface through these
wells.
• Turbine and Generator: The steam or hot water is used to turn turbines
connected to generators.
• Electricity Generation: As turbines spin, they generate mechanical energy,
which is converted into electricity.
• Transmission: The generated electricity is then transmitted to the electrical grid
for distribution.
• Renewable and Baseload: Geothermal power plants provide consistent,
renewable baseload power, available 24/7.
• Low Emissions: They produce low greenhouse gas emissions, making them
environmentally friendly.

9. Case Studies
• The Geysers, California: One of the world's largest geothermal power complexes, producing over 1,500 MW of
electricity from steam reservoirs.
• Hellisheiði Power Station, Iceland: A geothermal power plant and heating facility providing electricity and hot
water for Reykjavik, with a capacity of 303 MW.
• Olkaria, Kenya: A series of geothermal power plants in the East African Rift Valley, contributing significantly
to Kenya's electricity generation.
• Larderello, Italy: An early geothermal development site, producing electricity and heating for more than a
century.
• Wairakei Power Station, New Zealand: One of the world's first major geothermal power plants, with a capacity
of 181 MW.
These projects demonstrate the successful utilization of geothermal energy for electricity generation and heating
in various parts of the world.

10. • Low Greenhouse Gas Emissions
• Consistent and Stable Energy
Supply
• Reduced Carbon Intensity
• Decreased Reliance on Fossil
Fuels
• Longevity and Low Maintenance
Environmental
Impact

11. Conclusion
01 Geothermal heating system can replace fossil fuel
heating system in a particular area.
02 Annual costs for common heating purposes can be
reduced by more than 60%.
03 Continued energy shortages have created added
interest in geothermal energy for power generation.
04 Potential exists to provide all energy requirements in
the U.S
05 Geothermal energy appears to be a partial solution to
our energy needs.

12. Ishika Sharma
EE- 4th year
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