What you will learn
- To understand the mechanism of geological disasters
- To understand the events that will occur during a geological disaster
- To understand how to manage yourself safely while facing geological hazards
- To prepare you to perform the roles, responsibilities
and tasks of a shelter manager.
1. What you will learn
- To understand the mechanism of geological disasters
- To understand the events that will occur during a geological disaster
- To understand how to manage yourself safely while facing geological hazards
- To prepare you to perform the roles, responsibilities
and tasks of a shelter manager.
Geological Hazard
and Incident Command System
3. Do not use the elevator, because when
the earthquake is often a power outage
INDOOR
If the building is not safe
Go out outside as fast as possible
If the building is safe,
Stay inside until the event is calm
If stuck in the building
Go to the rooftop
Or top floor
Or go outdoor if possible
4. If driving, park the car , Stay in the car.
Until the seismic passed
If you are outside of the building
Beware and Watch out
for glass, bricks and building
debris dropped on you
Beware of advertising
billboards, electric
poles, big trees
falling down.
5. Leave the beach Because the earthquake could
cause Tsunami to hit the shore
Along the beach
12. What is An earthquake ?
An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or
temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth,
resulting from the sudden release of energy in the
Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves.
13. Three types of faults:
A. Strike-slip (horizontal move)
B. Normal (One move down)
C. Thrust (One move up)
Most fault surfaces are a form of stick-slip behavior.
Once the fault has locked, continued relative motion
between the plates leads to increasing stress and
therefore, stored strain energy in the volume around
the fault surface. This continues until the stress has
risen sufficiently to break through the shaking surface,
suddenly allowing sliding over the locked portion of
the fault, releasing the stored energy.
19. Body Wave
The propagatation of the waves can be divided into 3 phases.
Primary Wave The faster of these body waves is called the
primary or P wave. Its motion is the same as that of a sound wave
in that, as it spreads out, it alternately pushes and pulls the rock.
Secondary Wave The slower wave through the body of rock is called the secondary or S wave.
it shears the rock sideways at right angles to the direction of travel. If a liquid is sheared sideways or
twisted, it will not spring back, hence S waves cannot propagate in the liquid parts of the earth,
20. Normally, our houses are built to
bear only the vertical gravity. But
when encountering horizontal
movement Building structure might
damage due to the shear strenght
that causes column of house to be
damaged.
The third general type of earthquake
wave is Love wave (surface wave).
Surface waves, it moves the ground from side
to side in a horizontal plane but at right angles
to the direction of propagation. The horizontal
shaking of Love waves is particulary damaging
to the foundations of structures
21.
22. Do not run outside the high-rise building
zone, be careful of "glass rain" from the
high-rise building window that pour down.
Buildings followed code might not collapse
immediately. Therefore you should wait until
the vibrating calm down then comes out.
25. Appilcation
Vibrometer
Place your screenshot here
วัดแรงสั่นสะเทือน
goo.gl/9ZBS1j
App ที่ควรลง / Web ที่ควรเข้า
Place your screenshot here
Website
Thailand Meteorological
http://www.earthquake.tmd.go.th/home.php
สำนักแผ่นดินไหว กรมอุตุฯ
goo.gl/kFmxFp
26. Earthquakes can be recorded by seismometers
up to great distances, because seismic waves
travel through the whole Earth's interior.
The absolute magnitude of a quake is
conventionally reported by numbers
on the Moment magnitude scale
(formerly Richter scale, magnitude 7
causing serious damage over large
areas), whereas the felt magnitude is
reported using the modified Mercalli
scale (intensity II-XII).
27.
28. Link goo.gl/B8kJ8D Link goo.gl/vagVng
Bangkok Metropolitan Administration was
simulated that the earthquake 7.3 Mw is the most
severe incident from 4 levels severity. In case of
earthquake, Bangkok operation procedure is
1) Scene size-up (assessment) and report data
2) Manage Damage data And prepare resources
3) District Administration report the situation
assessment
4) Each district administration self-organize by
cooperation with various organizations.
5) Report to Bangkok Metropolitan Administration
Office
Sanamluang was set to be the evacuation
place of Phranakorn district
If Severity is too larger, the district officer must be
approved by higher governor respectively.
29. Damage to buildings 8-20 floors will occur in the
district; Bang Phlat, Bang Khae, Dusit Rat Burana,
Bangkok Yai, Watthana, Lat Phrao, Lak Si
The area where 31-90 people died as
Laksi, Dusit and Lat Phrao districts, other
areas will have no more than 30 deaths.
ความเสียหายของโรงพยาบาล
Damage to buildings 8-20 floors will occur in the district. Bang Phlat, Bang Khae, Dusit Rat Burana, Bangkok Yai, Watthana, Lat Phrao, Lak Si
30. Building resist earthquake ministerial regulations 2007
แหล่งข้อมูล http://download.asa.or.th/03media/04law/cba/mr/mr50-62d.pdf
31. Building resist earthquake ministerial regulations
2007
แหล่งข้อมูล http://download.asa.or.th/03media/04law/cba/mr/mr50-62d.pdf
32. Building resist earthquake ministerial regulations 2007
แหล่งข้อมูล http://download.asa.or.th/03media/04law/cba/mr/mr50-62d.pdf
33. More far from the epicenter of
the earthquake. The vibration
that will be weakened.
Except that remote area
has a soft soil Which has
amplify vibration.
34. Thai gulf
เมืองที่มีชั้นดินเป็นตะกอน เลน เช่น เมืองที่
เป็นปากแม่น้้าที่มาจากการทับถมของดินเดิม
แม้จะอยู่ไกลจากจุดศูนย์กลางของ
แผ่นดินไหว ดินอ่อนซึ่ง Transfer คลื่นของ
แรงสั่นสะเทือนจะยิ่ง Amplified Wave ก่อ
ความเสียหายได้แม้จะอยู่ห่างไกลรอยเลื่อน
Mexico city
gulf
Mexico city and Bangkok are the city on basin that lower ground is clay.
The soft Bangkok clay was deposited during the latest transgression of the sea over the
plain, which began about 10,000 years ago
35. In 1985, Mexico faced 8.5 magnitude earthquake,
the epicenter far away from Mexico City 350 km
Mexico City's soft have clay layer thickness of 70 m,
Mexico City population 8.55 million
585 building are most serious damage
Bangkok have clay layer thickness of 30 m
Bangkok have population more than 9 million
Bangkok never had a serious incident. (Just feel it)
Bangkok is far away from the Si Sawat fault,
Kanchanaburi 200 km
Mexico met earthquake again in 2017
And Mexico is still repeated last year (2017)
38. INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM (ICS)
Incident Command System is a
standardized approach to the command,
control, and coordination of emergency
response providing a common hierarchy within
which responders from multiple agencies can be
effective with a common goal of scene response,
protecting lives, property and the environment.
Provide a unified, centrally authorized emergency organization.
39. INCIDENTS ARE DEFINED WITHIN ICS AS UNPLANNED SITUATIONS
NECESSITATING A RESPONSE SUCH AS.
Emergency medical situations (ambulance service)
Hazardous material spills, releases to the air (toxic chemicals), releases
to a drinking water supply
Man-made disasters such as vehicle crashes, industrial accidents, train
derailments, or structure fires
Natural disasters such as wildfires, flooding, earthquake or tornado
Search and Rescue operations
Technological crisis
Terrorist attacks , Hostage crises
Traffic incidents
40. PROBLEMS ON CRISIS
Chaos
No decision maker
Lack coordination.
Redundant work are waste time and budget.
Delay, problem solving can not in time
Practitioners come from many agencies. Have
communication problems between each other.
Lack of operation plan within common goal
41. ICS structure
Command
Planning Operation Logistic Admin/Finance
How to doWhat to do
(the consultant of the
commander)
How to
Support
Decide what to do
How to
coordinate
42. Example of coordination in disaster
The planning team must holistic view to coordinate.
Coordinate
food
Synchronize
information,
needs and
resources.
Health
Aid
Logistic
Coordinate
transportation
Shelter
safe place , space,
Tent, sleeping bag
Professional
discipline to
Control
Chaos
There are some minor injuries.
But how does this critical patient coordinate
specific help? Operation team
What prompt food to eat right now?
Where is the food
Pls, Sum and
inform me
I will Coordinate
to operation team
Will this building collapse?
Who can evaluate ?
Operation team
Take care of the survivors
who evacuated to the
destination
Operation team
Ok, I will take the
budget to buy and
carry to support
team
45. - Evacuation route (Design safety Evacuation route of each building,
Calculate flowrate of population traffic to move)
- Assembly point (How many Assembly point should be have in
Thammasart Thapharchan ? What place should be the safety area ?
- Resource Allocation (What is needed supplied, How many, Budget,
How to have supplied, How to have manpower to set up the shelter?)
- Emergency Response (How to coordinate with personnel? Who?
How to deal with injured people, lost people, Search and Rescue)
You have 30 Minute to Determine
46. Incident
Commander
Operations
Section
Planning
Section
Logistics
Section
Finance/
Admin Section
Liaison Officer
Public Information Officer
Safety Officer
General Staff
Decided from the personnel proposals
Make supplied item list
Budget calculation
Approve the items that
must be purchased
Make the holistic
Evacuation and
shelter plan
resources allocation and
transportation
Decided how to provide
the supplied item
Evacuate, search lost
people and take care
of the injured and
Set up the shelter
Note the proposal from internal staff
coordinate help from outside into
Process Information
/ report situation
Assess the vulnerability and exposure
from the building that might break
down when Aftershock occurs
including the potential danger.
Command Staff
Follow ICSWhat you have to do
48. First 24 Hours Response :
1) Search and Rescue
2) Evacuate and Traffic
3) Information
4) Shelter
5) Food
6) Drinking and Using Water
7) Public Health
Survey : assess the damage outside the building, property loss that
may cause other damage (exposure), Injury (Vulnerability)
Data processing: linking damage Lost person information - Coordinated with
resources agency / Publicize the situation To control rumors And Chaos)
Calculate people that flow from the various building / Plan the route that
people from each building will go to assembly point before go to shelter.
Where will the equipment be prepared from? How to find raw materials?
How to manage the kitchen? How to find enough raw materials?
How to have tents? Who is the manpower to set up ? How to set up the sanitation
system in the handling of waste products from cooking and excretion of shelters?
How to provide enough clean water to drink and use
in the kitchen shelters?
Do our medical personnel and medical resources enough?
how to coordinate personnel and resources in emergency?
52. Liaison or Public Information Officer must be reporter
- How much budget should be prepare ?
- What is Emergency management plan in 24 hours?
1) Safety
2) Evacuate and Traffic
3) Information systems
4) Temporary shelters
5) Food
6) Drinking and using water
7) Public health
5 points today consist of :
2 points : Integrity of coordination
2 points : Practically plan, the actual
possible proposal in practice
1 points : Reasonable Budget