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Genealogy of front end technologies
This document summarizes the evolution of front end technologies from the invention of the World Wide Web to modern web applications. It describes how Tim Berners-Lee invented HTML as a publishing language and HTTP as a protocol for linking documents. The development of Mosaic browser and JavaScript enabled interactive web pages. Style sheets and the DOM API allowed formatting and programmatic access to pages. Now, web applications are defined by user interaction rather than just content.
Genealogy of front end technologies
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- 2. Invention of Webwith HTML as its publishing language ● Tim felt the need of enabling researchers from remote sites in the world to organize and pool together information. ● He suggested to actually link the text in the files themselves. ● This idea leads to the invention of Web, ● For linking documents together by using buttons on the screen hypertext is used.
- 3. Invention of HTTP ●For this Tim developed his own simple protocol - HTTP(HyperText Transfer Protocol) - for retrieving other documents' text via hypertext links. ● The text format for HTTP was named HTML, for HyperText Mark-up Language.
- 4. WHY HTTP? ● Toreduce the inefficiencies of the FTP protocol. ● Goal was fast request-response interaction ● Two seperate TCP connections is established in FTP whereas only one connection is required in HTTP. ● HTTP doesn't require the control-channel to be maintained at the server or client, so is stateless and simpler to implement.
- 5. HTML is basedon SGML ● The HTML that Tim invented was strongly based on SGML. ● HTML have hypertext links which is not present in SGML. ● The idea of using the anchor element with the HREF attribute was purely Tim's invention.
- 6. Invention of MosaicBrowser ● Tim's ideas had caught the eye of researchers of University of Illinois at Champaign-Urbana. ● After realizing the importance of Web, they decided to develop a browser which is called as Mosaic.
- 7. JAVASCRIPT ● When theWorld Wide Web was first created in the early 1990s all web pages were static. ● Netscape was the first to bring out a programming language that would allow web pages to become interactive - they called it Livescript and it was integrated into the browser. ● Upon receiving a trademark license from Sun, the name JavaScript was adopted.
- 8. Style sheets forHTML documents begin to take shape ● Bert Bos, Hakon Lie, Dave Raggett, Chris Lilley and others from the World Wide Web Consortium and others met to discuss the deployment of Cascading Style Sheets. ● Cascade defines the order of precedence for how conflicting styles should be applied.
- 9. ● Initialy thefocus was completely towards facilitating websites. ● As the penetration of internet went so deep in human lives Web Applications have become as common as websites in our routine life. ● Currently the interface for internet is mainly browsers; it tends to change slowly; mobile applications is just one possibility.
- 10. Websites - Definedby its content Web Application - Defined by its interaction with the user.
- 12. Browser Environment JavaScript Document frames location history XMLHTTP Request Object Array Function DOM BOM ECMAScript
- 13. DOM ● A programmingAPI for documents that was extended for use in HTML. ● Originated to allow JavaScript scripts to be portable among Web browsers. ● Maps out an entire page as a hierarchy of nodes. ● Programmers can add, modify, or delete elements and content.
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- 15. BOM ● Allowed accessand manipulation of the browser window. ● e.g change current URL, do background requests to server with XMLHttpRequest etc.
- 16. How Browser Works? HTMLCSS DOM Tree Render Tree JavaScript Intearction
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