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GEE presentation 21117009 generation of ee
- 1. Different Types OfSolar Collector National Instituteof Technology (NIT) Raipur, Chhattisgarh Department of Electrical Engineering UNDER GUIDANCE OF: Dr. Monalisa Biswal Faculty: GEE SUBMITTED BY: AKASH MODANWAL ROLL NO:21117009 ELECTRICAL(SEMESTER III)
- 2. Solar Collectors What AreSolar Collectors? Although solar panels are the most known device when it comes to solar energy, Solar thermal collectors are also very efficient and are used to collect heat by absorbing sunlight. Solar thermal is also used for capturing solar radiation, which is energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation consisting of both infrared and ultraviolet waves. This can occur due to the huge quantity of sunlight that hits Earth’s surface on a daily basis. Solar heating is the main purpose behind installing solar collectors .They enable heating water and air for both domestic and commercial use. Typically, the solar collectors are roof-mounted installations facing the sun. These devices are constantly exposed to changing weather. Hence, they must be sturdy to withstand natural constraints.
- 4. Types of SolarCollector :- Solar collectors can be either non-concentrating or concentrating. The difference between them is that concentrating collectors have a bigger interceptor than the absorber, while the non-concentrating collectors have them both with same sizes. Flat-plate and evacuated-tube solar collectors are used for domestic purposes, such as space heating, hot water or cooling. Non Concentrating Solar Collector: Flat Plate Collector They are the most simple and common types of solar collectors that anyone can see in their areas. These are basically metal boxes with a dark-coloured absorber plate and have a transparent glazing cover on the top. Such plates are generally fabricated from a metal, such as copper or aluminium, which is a good conductor. For better absorption and retaining of heat, these absorber plates are sometimes painted with special coatings other than the usual black paint.
- 5. Working And ComponentOf Flat Plate Collector •– There’s a glazing material used in the flat- plate collectors. •– The material is transparent and the solar radiation courses down through this material in order to reach the absorbing plate. •– Once enough radiation hits the absorber plate, it does its job: heating the plate. •– The entire purpose behind generating and circulating that generated heat between the absorber plate & the glazing cover is to raise the temperature of the water or air that’s flowing between the plate and the cover.
- 7. Evacuated Tube Collector:- Anevacuated-tube collector consists of parallel rows of glass tubes connected to a header pipe. Each tube has the air removed from it to eliminate heat loss through convection and radiation.
- 8. Evacuated Tube Collector •Evacuatedtube collectors are more modern and more efficient in design. •In evacuated tube systems, this heat loss is reduced by almost totally eliminating conduction and convection heat losses. •These can heat water to much higher temperatures and require less area. However, they are also correspondingly more expensive. •Instead of an absorber plate, water is pumped though absorber tubes (metal tubes with a selective solar radiation absorbing coating), gaining heat before going into the collector pipe.
- 10. Concentrating Collector •Concentrating collectoris a device to collect solar energy with high intensity of solar radiation on the energy-absorbing surface. A concentrating collector is a special form of flat plate collector modified by introducing a reflecting (or refracting) surface (concentrator) between the solar radiation and the absorber. •Here the receiving area of solar radiation is several times greater than the absorber area and the efficiency is high. Mirrors and lenses are used to concentrate sun rays on the absorber. The temperature of working fluid can be raised only up to 500 °c. For better performance, the collector is mounted on a tracking equipment to always face the sun.
- 11. Types of ConcentratingCollectors There are different types of concentrating or focusing collector These are as follows: A.Point Focus Technology 1.Fresnel Reflector based dish (ARUN dish) 2.Dual axis tracked paraboloid dish B.Line Focus Technology 1.Parabolic troughs collectors (PTC) 2.Linear Fresnel Reflector (LFR) c.Non Focusing Technology 1.Compound Parabolic collectors (CPC)
- 12. •Fresnel Reflector BasedDish (ARUN Dish) is made from panels of flat mirrors mounted on a frame such that the incident sunlight is reflected on to a cavity receiver which is specially designed to reduce heat losses. •Usually Fresnel Dishes are large and could have an aperture area of 100 m2 or 160 m. •The reflector and the receiver mounted on top are moved to track the Sun such that the reflectors faces the Sun at all times throughout the year. •Fresnel Dishes have high efficiencies throughout the year. Fresnal Reflector Based Dish
- 14. Parabolic Trough Concentrator (PTC) •ParabolicTrough Concentrators (PTC) are troughs made from shaped metal and coated with a reflecting material such as highly polished metal (usually aluminium) or metallised plastic which can withstand sunlight as well as rain and the elements. •These surfaces reflect the incident sunlight on to a metallic collector pipe (the receiver) that runs axially along the trough. •PTCs can be connected in series on a common axis.
- 16. Advantages of SolarCollector:- The big advantage of solar collectors is efficiency. They can operate all year round. Of course, due to the intensity of sunlight, high temperatures and long days, heat production is most efficient in summer, but during sunny winters you can also count on quite a large amount of energy generated from the collectors. Disadvantages of Solar Collector:- It comes with a high initial cost of purchase and installation. This includes wiring, batteries, inverter, and solar panels. The cost of solar energy systems varies depending on where you live.
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