Gas Cylinders.ppt for knowledge seekings

Compressed Gas Cylinders
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Compressed
Gas
Cylinders

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Scope
This procedure covers the
following activities:
• Transportation and Handling
• Storage;
• Safety Checks;
• Use

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This procedure does not covers:
• Self-Contained Breathing
Apparatus and Fire Fighting
extinguishers
• Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG)
cylinders refilled or received
via WOQOD;
• Testing Gas Cylinders used
for calibration of different
“Gas Monitor” used in the
Project

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Why These Guidelines
Are Vital To Your Safety
A compressed gas cylinder is like a sleeping giant.
It is heavy, smooth, and hard to grip securely.
It can be up to 57 inches tall, may weight up to
155 lbs full and be pressurized up to 2,200 psi.
The effects of unintentional release of energy by
a compressed gas cylinder can have devastating
results. Over 150 pounds of steel, traveling at
high speed, can cause severe damage,
personal injury and even death. 12”
18”
24”
30”
36”
42”
48”
54”

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Compressed gas cylinders present both mechanical
and chemical hazards in the work place.
Tip over
Tip over Asphyxiation
Asphyxiation
Explosion
Explosion Poisoning
Poisoning
Uncontrolled projectile
Uncontrolled projectile Anesthetic effects
Anesthetic effects
Tissue Damage
Tissue Damage
Hazards of Compressed
Gas Cylinders
Chemical Hazards
Chemical Hazards
Physical Hazards
Physical Hazards

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The injuries that can occur are as varied as the situations
causing them. Some of these injuries include:
Injuries you can avoid
Severe cuts, bruises, and burns
Broken bones and loss of limbs
Spinal cord injuries
Asphyxiation
Poisoning
Death
Why These Guidelines
Are Vital To Your Safety

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



















Components of a
Compressed Gas Cylinder
1.
1. Cylinder Cap
Cylinder Cap
2.
2. Valve Handwheel
Valve Handwheel
3.
3. Valve Outlet Connection
Valve Outlet Connection
4.
4. Valve Pack Nut
Valve Pack Nut
5.
5. Pressure relief valve
Pressure relief valve
6.
6. Valve Outlet Cap
Valve Outlet Cap
7.
7. Cylinder Collar
Cylinder Collar
8.
8. DOT/Cylinder type & PSI rating
DOT/Cylinder type & PSI rating
9.
9. Cylinder serial number
Cylinder serial number
10.
10. Initial hydrostatic test date
Initial hydrostatic test date
11.
11. First 5 year hydrostatic retest
First 5 year hydrostatic retest
12.
12. “
“
” qualifies for 10 year retest
” qualifies for 10 year retest
13.
13. Original inspectors insignia
Original inspectors insignia
DOT 3AA 2265
DOT 3AA 2265
53594
53594
6-91
6-91
6-96
6-96
 12
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13
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Safe Practices for
Handling & Use

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Some gases have very specific procedures for
Some gases have very specific procedures for
safe use. Before handling any compressed gas
safe use. Before handling any compressed gas
cylinder, locate the
cylinder, locate the M
Material
aterial S
Safety
afety D
Data
ata S
Sheet,
heet,
or
or MSDS
MSDS, for the gas you are using. This
, for the gas you are using. This
document contains vital information for
document contains vital information for
handling each gas.
handling each gas.
Safe Practices for
Handling & Use

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Identify the Compressed Gas
Do not rely on cylinder c
co
ol
lo
or
r
The cylinder should be clearly stenciled or stamped
The identification label should be permanently
attached to the cylinder
Safe Practices for
Handling & Use
If in doubt do not use the cylinder
If in doubt do not use the cylinder!
!
Contact Risk Management & Safety
Contact Risk Management & Safety

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If a valve is improperly removed, the
compressed gas inside the cylinder can be
released unexpectedly. If the cylinder falls and
the valve is damaged the cylinder can become an
uncontrolled projectile. To avoid this hazard,
secure the cylinder at all times with an
appropriate two-point restraint device/system.
Safe Practices for
Handling & Use

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Chains are the best recommendation. Straps
and table clamps often fail due to improper
use and set-up. Clamps are generally not
kept tight and placed on articles that are not
secure (movable desks tables, etc.). Straps
are often buckled incorrectly thus providing
no restraint. Fasten restraints on the upper
half of the cylinder, above the center of
gravity (e.g., just below the top), and at the
bottom ~8-12 inches from the ground.
Safe Practices for
Handling & Use

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Safe Practices for
Handling & Use
Cylinder Valves
Cylinder Valves

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There are a number of different types of cylinder valves
affixed to cylinders. Standard cylinder-valve outlet
connections developed by the Compressed Gas
Association (CGA) are configured differently for each
family of gases to minimize the potential of mixing
incompatible gases. CGA connections typically utilize a
three-digit coded number. This code generally includes:
Safe Practices for
Handling & Use
•
• Outside diameter of valve threads
Outside diameter of valve threads
•
• Threads per inch and thread size
Threads per inch and thread size
•
• Left-hand thread or
Left-hand thread or right-hand threads
right-hand threads
•
• External or internal threads
External or internal threads
Left-handed
Left-handed (notched fitting)
(notched fitting)
Right-handed
Right-handed

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Common Laboratory Gasses and their CGA
Common Laboratory Gasses and their CGA
Standard Outlet Connections
Standard Outlet Connections
GAS
GAS
CGA Valve Outlet
CGA Valve Outlet
& Connection
& Connection
Acetylene (C
Acetylene (C2
2H
H2
2)
) 510
510
Argon (Ar)
Argon (Ar) 580
580
Carbon Monoxide (CO
Carbon Monoxide (CO2
2)
) 320
320
Chlorine (Cl
Chlorine (Cl2
2)
) 660
660
Helium (He)
Helium (He) 580
580
Hydrogen (H
Hydrogen (H2
2)
) 350
350
Nitrogen (N
Nitrogen (N2
2)
) 580
580
Oxygen (O
Oxygen (O2
2)
) 540
540
Safe Practices for
Handling & Use

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Pressure Regulators
Pressure Regulators
Safe Practices for
Handling & Use
Two-Stage
Two-Stage Low Pressure
Low Pressure
High Pressure
High Pressure
Single-Stage
Single-Stage

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Components of a Pressure
Regulator
Cylinder Connection
Cylinder Connection
Cylinder Pressure Gauge
Cylinder Pressure Gauge
Delivery Pressure Gauge
Delivery Pressure Gauge
Flow Control Valve
Flow Control Valve
Delivery Pressure Adjustment Knob
Delivery Pressure Adjustment Knob
Two-Stage Gas Pressure Regulator
Two-Stage Gas Pressure Regulator

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Safe Practices for
Handling & Use
Regulator Operation
Regulator Operation

 Attach the regulator to the cylinder valve outlet.

 Turn the delivery pressure adjustment knob
counterclockwise until it turns freely.

 Ensure the flow control valve is in the closed position.

 Slowly open the cylinder valve until the regulator
registers the cylinder pressure.

 Turn the delivery pressure adjustment knob clockwise
until the desired delivery pressure is reached.
Be certain that the tubing used to convey the gas from
Be certain that the tubing used to convey the gas from
the regulator to its end use is compatible with the gas.
the regulator to its end use is compatible with the gas.
Example:
Example: Copper tubing + acetylene =copper acetylide (explosive)
Copper tubing + acetylene =copper acetylide (explosive)
!
!

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Safe Practices for
Handling & Use
Gas Cylinder Operation
Gas Cylinder Operation

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
 Place the cylinder in an upright position so the
valve is always within reach.

 Check fume hood or ventilation.

 Warn co-workers that you are about to open the
valve and position the cylinder with the valve
pointing away from you.

 Be sure fittings are clean, dry, and free of oil
or grease.

 Be sure the threads on the regulator correspond
with those on the cylinder valve outlet.

 Use regulators and pressure gauges only with
gases for which they are designed.

 Open the valve slowly and close the valve
immediately when finished.
Safe Practices for
Handling & Use
Opening cylinders:
Opening cylinders:

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
 Close the cylinder valve completely.

 Bleed the lines if possible.

 Tighten the flow control valve on the regulator
or remove it if the cylinder is empty.

 Replace the safety cap.
Safe Practices for
Handling & Use
Closing cylinders:
Closing cylinders:

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Safe Practices for
Handling & Use
Liquefied Gas Cylinder Operation
Liquefied Gas Cylinder Operation
A liquefied compressed gas can be defined as a
gas, which when compressed in a container,
becomes a liquid at ordinary temperatures and at
pressures ranging from 25 to 2500 psig. Liquefied
gases have boiling points that range from –130 to
30°F (–90 to –1°C). At 70°F (21.1ºC) the cylinder
contains both liquid and gas. Cylinder pressure, or
the “vapor pressure” of the gas, is directly affected
by ambient temperatures.
Gas
Liquid

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Regularly inspect cylinders.
Take a few extra minutes to inspect the
compressed gas cylinder. It could save you
and your co-workers serious injury.
Ask these questions:
Ask these questions:
Does the cylinder have signs of defects?
Does the cylinder have signs of defects?
Does it show signs of deep rusting?
Does it show signs of deep rusting?
Does it contain the correct gas in the designated usage area?
Does it contain the correct gas in the designated usage area?
Inspecting & Testing
Return any cylinders with problems (e.g.,
cap rusted shut, etc.) to the supplier

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DOT 3AA 2265
DOT 3AA 2265
53594
53594
6-91
6-91
6-96
6-96

You should also inspect the cylinders
hydrostatic test dates. Most cylinders in
use should be retested every 5 years
unless marked with a “
”
”
which indicates the cylinder qualifies
for a 10 year retest interval.
Date of manufacture and original hydrostatic test date
Date of manufacture and original hydrostatic test date
Date of first 5 year hydrostatic retest
Date of first 5 year hydrostatic retest
“
“
”
” Indicates cylinder qualifies for 10
Indicates cylinder qualifies for 10
year hydrostatic retest interval
year hydrostatic retest interval

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For cylinders containing flammable or
combustible gases, use an approved flammable
gas detector. Test systems that carry toxic or
corrosive gases with inert gas before operating.
After you complete the tests, place a tag on the
regulator with your name and test date.

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well ventilated
well ventilated
free of flame, sparks, or electrical circuit
free of flame, sparks, or electrical circuit
level, fireproof, and dry
level, fireproof, and dry
below 125 degrees Fahrenheit
below 125 degrees Fahrenheit
out of the sun’s direct rays if in an extreme climate
out of the sun’s direct rays if in an extreme climate
Store cylinders in the right environment.
Storage space and floor should be:
Safely Store Compressed
Gas Cylinders

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Segregate cylinders by hazardous gases.
Incompatible gases must be stored by hazard
class in separate areas, even when the cylinder
is empty. Separate the incompatible cylinders
by:
a distance of at least 20 feet, or
a five foot firewall with a fire rating of 1/2 hour
Safely Store Compressed
Gas Cylinders

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Many accidents occur while moving or
transporting cylinders. Handle cylinders gently.
They may look strong and solid, but if a
cylinder is damaged it can become an
uncontrolled projectile damaging
anyone or anything in its path.
Safely Transport

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
 Remove the regulator. Never move a cylinder
with the regulator still in place.

 Replace the valve protection cap. Never lift a
cylinder by the valve or protective cap.

 Secure the cylinder to a suitable hand truck or
cart in an upright position.

 Take precautions so cylinders will not fall
or strike each other or any other surface.
Never roll, drag, or slide the cylinder.
Whether you move cylinders short or long
distances, follow these guidelines:
Safely Transport

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Always read the MSDS before working with a
compressed gas.
Positively identify the gas you are working with.
Always go through the inspection checklist.
Be sure the work area is well ventilated.
Know the emergency procedures for the
particular gas being used and the location of the
emergency equipment.
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment.
Best Safety Practices

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