Mater-Bi vented kitchen bin certified compostable liners - Rcbc Vancouver 2011

Certified Compostable Resins
The case of Mater-Bi® for kitchen bin liners

RCBC 2011 ZERO WASTE CONFERENCE
June 8-10, 2011
Whistler, BC

Christian Garaffa – Novamont S.p.A.

Presentation Outline

• Food waste collection examples from Europe

• Distinctive features of Mater-Bi® compostable resins

Degradation: industrial vs. home composting

Breathability: closed vs. vented collection systems

• Conclusions

RCBC 2011 ZERO WASTE CONFERENCE 2

Food waste collections in Europe

SSO in Europe: two approaches

• Food waste + yard waste co-collection

• Food waste and yard waste collected separately


4

Source: C.A.R.M.E.N., ISWA Beacon Conference, Perugia, Italy 15-16 April 2010

5

Source: Cnsorzio Priula, ISWA Beacon Conference, Perugia, Italy 15-16 April 2010

Source: WRAP presentation “Food Waste Options and Opportunities”, Chris Mills, Durham – June 2010



Kitchen containers Outdoor bins
+ and carts
compostable bags
30 to 40 lt
single households

120, 240, 360 lt
multi-family
buildings



Food waste collection frequency: 1 to 3 times per week
Residual waste: weekly to monthly (or even less…!)


Food waste collections
Key Factors For Success :
1. High capture & diversion from
residual waste
2. Low contamination of the
collected feedstock


Food waste collections
Key Factors For Success :
Compostable bags are a key component


Norway


U.K.


Switzerland


Catalunya (Spain)


Catalunya (Spain)

For more information: http://www20.gencat.cat/portal/site/arc/


Italy


Distinctive features of Mater-Bi® resins
for food waste bags



Excellent compostability

Quick degradation in Certified home
industrial composting compostability


Compostability of Mater-Bi® resins

Industrial
58°C
Home

20°C - 30°C


g
in
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te
b

Industrial
La

Week 0
Home


g
in
st
te
b

Industrial
La

Week 2
Home


g
in
st
te
b

Industrial
La

Week 4
Home


g
in
st
te
b

Industrial
La

Week 6
Home


g
in
st
te
b

Industrial
La

Week 12
Home


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Fi

Fie
l dt
es
t in
g


Fi
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in
g

Full scale 2 month test at “One
Brighton”, a housing area with
172 flats in Brighton, UK
On site composting with Big
Hanna T60 composter


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e ld
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in
g

Mater-Bi kitchen waste bags put into the hopper inlet without shredder
• In the first quarter of the cylinder small parts of Mater-Bi still visible
• No residues either in the rest of the cylinder or in the finished compost
More info at: http://bighanna.blogspot.com (31/05/2011)


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Source: C.A.R.M.E.N. presentation ISWA Beacon Conference, Perugia, Italy 15-16 April 2010

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High breathability


Breathability of Mater-Bi® resins

Typical properties of Mater-Bi films

MFR (g/10’) 3,5 – 7 ASTM D 1338
E Modulus (MPa) 90 - 700 ASTM D 882
Stress at break (MPa) 22 – 36 ASTM D 882
Elongation at break (%) 250 – 600 ASTM D 882
C.O.F. 0,1 – 0,6 DIN 53375 A
Haze (%) 26 - 90 ASTM D 1003
WVTR (g·30µm/m2·24h) 200 – 1000 ASTM E 96; 38°C 90% RH
O2TR (cc·30µm)/(m2·24h·atm) 500 - 2000 ISO 15105-1; 23°C 50% RH

High WVTR = High water loss


Vented kitchen containers
→ High breathability & water dissipation
→ Reduced fermentation & generation of odours
→ Cleaner & more hygienic
→ Reduced “yuck factor” & higher participation


Comparative testing: closed vs. vented

e d d d
sid de lid
i d te d
id
s
id e en n te
ol ol orat yv ve
S
n: alls : S rf all all
y
w m pe ot t
ro & w ea s, :t to
B Cr all ee
n :
lid ue
w Gr Bl

25°C

50% RH

1,8 Kg food

5 days trial


Synthetic food waste
Food Weight (grams) % on total
Wurstel 84 4,7%
Cheese 9 0,5%
Champignon mushrooms 19 1,0%
Banana with skin 67 3,8%
Cucumber 60 3,4%
Raw onion 48 2,7%
Eggplant 52 2,9%
Lettuce 52 2,9%
Kiwi 73 4,1%
Boiled potato 18 1,0%
Apple 52 2,9%
Tomato 84 4,7%
Canned corn 48 2,7%
Canned beans 39 2,2%
White bread 69 3,9%
Garlic salad dressing 91 5,1%
Pear 65 3,7%
Peppers 34 1,9%
Grape 71 4,0%
Tangerine 48 2,7%
Mango 41 2,3%
Grapefruit 71 4,0%
White melon 90 5,1%
Pickles 39 2,2%
Canned tuna 36 2,0%
Dry bread 90 5,1%
Coffee grounds 101 5,7%
Muffin 28 1,6%
Cooked pasta 90 5,1%
Cooked rice 90 5,1%
Ham 18 1,0%
Total 1.778 100,0%

Weight loss

Time (days)
0 1 2 3 4 5
0
-2
-4
Brown
Weight loss (%)

-6
-8 Cream
-10 Blue
Green
-12
-14
-16
-18


Weight loss
100
100 96,82 95,58
85,68 85,20
90
80
70
Wheight %

73,24 72,79 70,44
60
61,94 60,64
50
40
30
20
25,77 23,09 24,19 22,82 23,58
10
0
Day 0 Day 5 Day 5 Day 5 Day 5


Odor assessment

Dynamic olfactometry (sniffing tests)
a. Determination of odor
concentration (dynamic
dilution olfactometry for
threshold measurement (EN
13725:2003)
b. Determination of the hedonic
tone (relative pleasantness /
unpleasantness of odor
according to VDI 3882)

Air samples drawn into 5 l Nalophan® bags using a special sampler working
with the lung principle.


Odor concentration
10.000
8.000
OUE /m3

6.000 Brown
4.000 Cream
2.000 Blue

- Green
Day 0 Day 3 Day 5
Brown 2.900 8.100 2.000
Cream 1.500 3.433 2.200
Blue 1.000 620 373
Green 260 373 203

Determination of odor concentration by dynamic olfactometry for threshold
measurement (according to EN 13725:2003) - The odour concentration is measured
by presenting the sample, at a range of dilutions, to a panel of six assessors to find the
dilution factor at the 50% detection threshold. The resulting concentration is expressed
with units of European Odor Unit per cubic metre (OUE/m3).


Hedonic tone
+0,5
+0,0
Hedonic tone

-0,5
-1,0 Brown
-1,5 Cream
-2,0 Blue
-2,5 Day 0 Day 3 Day 5 Green
B ro wn -1,0 -1,3 -2,3
Cream -1,0 -1,0 -1,0
B lue -1,0 -0,3 -0,7
Green +0,0 +0,3 -0,3

Determination of the hedonic tone (relative pleasantness / unpleasantness of
odour according to VDI 3882) - The VDI 3882 guideline calls for a group at least 15
assessors to be used and 6 presentations of the odor sample. The assessors
sensitivity is not a criterion for panel selection


Conclusions
1. Experience from Europe shows that compostable
bags are a key factor for effective source separation
of residential food waste
2. Vented pails are becoming increasingly popular in
European collection programs
3. Mater-Bi resins containing native starch have
distinctive features for optimal performance of food
waste bags during collection and treatment:
• High breathability
• Excellent compostability in industrial and back
yard environments


Thank You

Christian Garaffa
christian.garaffa@novamont.com
+39 0321 699 693


Mater-Bi vented kitchen bin certified compostable liners - Rcbc Vancouver 2011

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Mater-Bi vented kitchen bin certified compostable liners - Rcbc Vancouver 2011