The document discusses the evolution of smartphones and their integration with wearable sensors. It describes how smartphones originally combined PDA and phone capabilities and were popularized by the iPhone in 2007. This led to increased use of mobile apps and connectivity. Wearable devices like smartwatches and fitness trackers are now enhancing smartphones by allowing hands-free use and constant health monitoring. These devices are powered by body heat and form part of the Internet of Things by connecting users to health data online. Examples of their health applications include measuring vitals and monitoring activity, diet, and stress levels.

1. Evolution of Smartphones and
interfacing with sensors in the body
(Wearables Sensors)
❏ Leandro H. Altavista
❏ Agustín Girolami
1st quarter 2016

2. Evolution of the Smartphone
❏ The initial idea of ​​the smartphone was basically unify the
functions of a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) with a
telephone for convenience and compactness.
❏ The first device to meet this definition was the IBM Simon,
who had all the features of a PDA that time (1992) with
telephone and SMS capabilities, and a fully touch screen
which could be manipulated with a finger.
❏ The event that changed the perception of what was a
smartphone was the announcement of the iPhone and iOS
in 2007, revolutionizing the industry of mobile phones and
smartphones.
❏ This new OS gave way to Android OS from Google (the
biggest competitor of the iOS) released a few months after
the announcement of the iPhone, and changes in the
interface of Windows Phone OS, Blackberry OS, Symbian
OS, etc. The latter (Symbian OS, Nokia) was discontinued
in 2012 in favor of Windows Phone 8 and Nokia Lumias
phones with this operating system.
Evolution

3. Evolution of the Smartphone
With the "SmartPhone" social internet, internet allowing
communication between people from anywhere with
internet connection, the internet that allowing to
download applications spread.
Now and in the coming years with the advent of
wearable technology or "wearable" starts an application
than more generally known as the "internet of things" or
"internet of things" (IoT), ie the internet will be present
at all the objects that surround us and that will keep
them interconnected, giving a service and a user
experience totally unlike anything we have known until
today.

4. The current Smartphone - Design restrictions
High connectivity:
• Make and receive calls, SMS
• WiFi connectivity, 3G / 4G, Bluetooth
Running Applications:
• supported by an operating system (Android, iOS, Windows Phone)
• nearby systems to general purpose
• Calendar, Email, Browser, Alarms, Java Applications
Minimum consumption:
• Small size -> small battery
• short duration Unacceptable
High performance multimedia:
• Viewing videos and images
• Capture videos and photos

5. What are wearable devices?
What is it about? Bracelets, watches and sensors carrying
in the body, which, connected to a mobile phone, uses and
acquire amazing capabilities for measuring all kinds of variables,
which can then be monitored from the cloud.
The "wearables" and sensors arrive to enhance our
"smartphones", which already have widespread use in body
care through applications and the Internet.

6. What are wearable devices?
These devices make up the future of technology as we offer all the
facilities and advantages of the current devices but in a more
comfortable way. As an example, compared with Smartphones or
Tablets, the Wearable are much more comfortable to wear, as they
simply took them and put no weight. They also allow us to operate
hands-free and have a much faster accessibility.
Wearable Technology literally means. "Wearable
technology" Their goal is to implement the advantages
of the latest advances in devices that can be
comfortably worn on top

7. Wearables Sensors available in the current market
Smartwatch
Fitnessband / Smartband
Smartglasses
Smartrings

8. What are the functions of the wearables devices?
Actually offers us three functionalities:
1. Reduce dependence on our smartphone for simple tasks
without stopping our march.
2. Real-time monitor our activity and performs a general
picture of our physical condition
3. Sometimes they are both attractive fashion accessories.

9. Wearable part of IOT
The human being as an object connected to the network:

10. Technology applications in the field of health
Some of the possibilities offered by this technology are:
Measuring pulse, heart rates, distances covered, stress, sleep, monitoring and diets, glucose
measurements, and "socialize" all this information via Internet
According to a recent report in pharmaceutical marketing company IMS, there are 40,000 mobile health
applications, and, according to Research2Guidance, 2017 will be 1.7 billion phones and tablets with these
downloaded programs.

11. This button turns any object into a
wearable sensor
The company MbientLab goes a step further, it proposes to create DIY wearables,
designed by ourselves, with the help of MetaWear COIN. This is a gadget the size
of a button you place on any object, and automatically become a smart wearable,
with Bluetooth LE connection, and motion sensors and incorporates temperature.
It provides both chip format to incorporate within any object, such as a water
resistant and shock-tight box which can externally engage any object:

12. Wearables you have to never load, thanks to the
warmth of your body.
Someday we forget to recharge wearables, thanks to sensors that feed as this body heat.
The market for wearables not stop growing in the short term, there is more to see the amount of news related to technology
applied to health we've seen at CES 2016.
Watches, bracelets, patches, headphones ... all kinds of gadgets that are responsible for our health quantify and give advice
to improve it. It all sounds very nice, futuristic, until you have to load every night or every few days.

13. Sensors that feed the body heat
The battery life remains a headache for manufacturers and, although almost every time we see any material or production
process that will "revolutionize" the batteries, never got to see it with a commercial application.
Researchers at North Carolina State University led the CES the outcome of his latest work: a tiny sensor that can control
the level of hydration of the skin and body heat feeds itself.
How does it work? the sensor has a size as small, just 7 square centimeters in size and uses the thermal gradient to
generate power. That is, to be made of thermoelectric materials, uses the temperature difference between ambient air and
the body itself.
Thus, it can produce between 40 and 50 microvolts power per square centimeter, with only be stuck to the skin (usually
body temperature is higher than ambient). If we also take into account the air flow that would be generated during an
activity (such as running or walking), the sensor would be even more efficient, producing up to three times more energy.

14. Accenture and Philips announce the creation of a
pilot application to show how patients with
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis can have more control
of their lives
The Emotiv Insight Brainware software connects to a wearable device that allows
users to send commands to the lighting Philips Hue, your SmartTV and products
Lifeline
Andover, Massachusetts and New York - Royal Philips (NYSE: PHG; AEX: PHIA) and and Accenture (NYSE: ACN) today announced that
they have developed a pilot software that connects a wearable device Emotiv Insight Brainware that could ultimately , give more
independence to patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other neurodegenerative diseases. ALS, also known as Lou Gehrig's
disease, affects more than 400,000 people per year *, affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, gradually decreasing voluntary muscle
action. Patients in advanced stages often become totally paralyzed while preserving brain function

15. Bibliography
● http://actualidadwatch.com/wearables/
● https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wearable_computer
● https://www.uclm.edu/centro/cesco/pdf/trabajos/34/13.pdf
● http://www.androidcentral.com/articles/wearables
● http://www.iprofesional.com/notas/184221-La-tecnologa-se-viste-a-la-moda-sensores-mviles-abren-
la-puerta-a-la-tendencia-de-la-salud-fashion