Accelerating the transition to fusion energy by providing fusion fuel to private and public research programs

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Contents
FUSION FUELS
H . C H I C H E M . Z H A N G
Accelerat in g t h e t ran sit io n t o f u sio n en erg y

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Fusion research funding (United-States, 2018–2022)
Source: Crunchbase
Conventional fission
Source: University of Michigan
• Uranium supplies will last only 230 years at our current consumption rate
• 2000MT per year of nuclear waste produced in the US
• 0 nuclear waste is recycled in the US
Spent nuclear fuel volume (United-States)
Fusion
• Deuterium Tritium fuel is the most efficient
• No tritium available on earth, it costs 30k$/g to produce
• Tritium demand 1kg/year/program (source: us renewable energy expert)
• 119 fusion devices built worldwide
• 3.5b$ tritium market (only for the research phase)
Nuclear waste
A R A C E T O A C H I E V E C O M M E R C I A L
N U C L E A R F U S I O N

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Neutron source Fuel
Recycled lithium
Lead or Beryllium
Tritium
• Tritium can be produced out of lithium and sources of lithium can supply us for thousands of years
• Current CANDU reactors can produce only 200g of tritium per year
• 5kg of tritium remaining by 2040 due to low tritium half life and slow production
Nuclear waste
Current Tritium production
Producing Tritium out of Lithium
A C C E L E R AT I N G T H E T R A N S I T I O N T O F U S I O N E N E R G Y W H I L E R E D U C I N G R A D I O A C T I V E
WA S T E
Li + n He + T

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Accessing and handling nuclear waste material
• Team up with lawyers to assess Nuclear Regulatory Commission guidelines
• Seek support from the government for a public-private contract (source: renewable
energy scientist Daniel M. Kammen)
LEGAL
TECH
ECONOMICAL
• Simplify reactor prototype design: scalable, affordable, safe
• Assess performance and design with nuclear engineers
• Seek government funds (e.g. DHS innovation funding programs, DOE, etc.)
• Partnerships with research facilities and nuclear fusion startups
N E X T S T E P S

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ANNEXES
Fusion Fuels
Accelerat in g t h e t ran s it io n t o f u sio n en erg y