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Growing Fruit in the Mid-Atlantic
- 1. growing fruit in themid-atlantic ben kessler
- 2. selection tree forthe proper place choose the right How much space? How much direct sunlight per day, and what time of day? How cold are winters? What kind of soil? How much time can I devote to care & maintenance? Where are my habitual paths? Other animals'? What do my family, my neighbors, and I like to eat? Do I want to eat toxic chemicals? (No.)
- 3. asian persimmon Height: 10'– 15' Spread: 12' – 15' Fruits in Autumn Very Productive Fast Growing Tree Frost-Tolerant Few Pests, Fewer Diseases Self Fertile Cultivars: Jiro, Wase Fuyu, Hachiya, Gwang Yang, Tam Kam, Saijo
- 4. fig Height: 6' –15' Spread: 10' – 15' Fruits in Summer Very Productive Fast Growing Shrub Succeptible to Frost (Site against South-facing wall) Self-Fertile Cultivars: Hardy Chicago, Celeste, English Brown Turkey
- 5. pomegranate Height: 5' –10' Spread: 6' – 12' Fruits in Autumn Very Productive Fast Growing Shrub Self Fertile Cultivars: Salavatsky, “Russian”, Austin, Nana Dwarf Black
- 6. Height: 10' –15' Spread: 10' – 13' Fruits in Autumn Native to Eastern US Fast Growing Shrub Thicketing Shade-Tolerant Not Self Fertile Cultivars: Wild, Select, Mango, Susquehanna, Rappahannock pawpaw
- 7. elderberry Height: 6' –10' Spread: 10' – 12' Shade-Tolerant Blooms in Spring, Fruits in Summer Not Self Fertile: Sambucus nigra Medicinal Fruits & Flowers Sambucus canadensis Fast Growing Shrub Cultivars: Johns, Adams, Black Lace, Cut-Leaf
- 8. Height: 6' –40' Spread: 10' – 30' Fruits in Early Summer Very Productive Fast Growing Tree Few Pests, Fewer Diseases Self Fertile Cultivars: Pakistan, Girardi, Collier, Shangri-La mulberry
- 9. apple Height: 10' –20' Spread: 10' – 15' Fruits in Autumn Needs Full Sun Long-Lived Tree (Many) Not Self Fertile Good Cultivars: AR Black, Liberty, Enterprise, Goldrush Bad Cultivars: Fuji, Delicious, Pink Lady, (anything you would find in a supermarket)
- 10. siting pick theproper place for the right tree SE sun preferable to SW Protection from Frost Wind (usually NW) Enough room to walk around mature canopy Plant 'trap crops' like bush cherries outside orchard to draw away birds Plant multiple trees in a Circular or Hexagonal pattern instead of Rows Keep clear paths to trunk for harvesting and pruning
- 11. planting Plant around First or Last Frost roots before fruits Dig hole as deep as root ball, but 2 – 3 times as wide Keep the Root Crown above the soil line Add no amendments to the hole, only native soil Top dress with 1” compost out to mature canopy line Always mulch! 3”- 5” deep, to mature canopy line Keep mulch least a hand's breadth from the trunk Water well for first 2 weeks
- 12. companion plants don't plant a tree, plant a garden Beneficial Insect Attractors Bee Balm Queen Ann's Lace Anise Hyssop Cilantro Umbels & Composites Mineral & Nutrient Accumulators Comfrey Chicory Dandelion Legumes Living Mulches Nasturtium Vetch Clover Yarrow Chamomile
- 13. blueberry Height: 3' – 6' Spread: 4' – 6' Fruits in Summer Very Productive Fast Growing Bush Southern Highbush “Rabbit-eye” Some Self Fertile Requires high organic material and low pH: Amend soil with rotted pine mulch Cultivars: Sunshine, Yadkin, Tifblue, Lenoir, O'Neal, Star
- 14. goumi Height: 5' –8' Spread: 6' – 8' Fruits in Summer Very Productive Height: 3' – 6' Spread: 6' – 8' Fast Growing Shrub Fruits in Summer Nitrogen-fixing Very Productive Self Fertile Vining Shrub Not the same as Autumn Olive (Eleagnus umbellata) Partial Shade Tolerant Self Fertile Prefers Alkaline Soils goji
- 15. Height: 3' –6' Spread: 4' – 5' aronia Fruits in Spring Fast Growing Bush Not Self Fertile: Lonicera kamtschatica Lonicera caerulea Height: 4' – 6' Spread: 5' – 6' Very hardy Fruits in Summer Cultivars: Berry Blue, Bluebird, Blue Moon, Blue Velvet Vivid Fall Foliage Very Disease Resistant Fast Growing Bush Self Fertile honeyberry Cultivars: Viking, Nero
- 16. pruning the kindestcut Prune during dormant season Bloom Early, Prune Late Take Out: Dead, Damaged & Decayed Crossing & Weak Limbs Clean Your Tools Between Cuts Take no more than 1/3 of limbs Remove all pruned material
- 17. forest gardening putting it all together Permaculture No plant grows alone in the wild We are living in uncertain times Biodiversity = Flexibility & Resilience Multi-species plantings are much more productive than monocultures Healthy Ecosystems are Beautiful We are planting the old-growth forests of the future, today
- 18.
- 19. steal these books Gaia's Garden – Toby Hemenway Attracting Native Pollinators – Xerces Society Botany in a Day – Thomas Elpel The Apple Grower – Michael Phillips Edible Forest Gardens – Dave Jacke & Eric Tonesmeier
- 20. eat your lawn,feed your soul cvillefoodscapes.com Sarah Frazer, Ben Kessler, Cake Namdol & Lauren Samay