The document discusses system software and application software, highlighting their definitions and examples, such as operating systems like macOS, Linux, and Windows. It distinguishes between proprietary and open-source software, elaborating on free and paid software, as well as notable figures in the software movement like Richard Stallman and Linus Torvalds. Key concepts covered include the GNU project, copyleft, and the Linux kernel.

1. SYSTEM
SOFTWARE
&
APPLICATION
SOFTWARE
Dr. Lavina Dominic
Associate Professor
St. Thomas College of Teacher Education Pala, Kottayam, Kerala

2. SYSTEM SOFTWARE
• A computer program designed to run a
computer's hardware and application
programs
• A software designed to provide a platform
for other software
• The operating system is the best-known
example of system software.
For example –
• macOS (proprietary operating system for
Apple’s Macintosh computers),
• Linux (open source operating system),
• Android (mobile operating system)
• Microsoft Windows (proprietary operating
system )

3. SYSTEM SOFTWARE
OPERATING SYSTEM

4. APPLICATION SOFTWARE
(APPS)
• Computing software designed to carry out
a specific task other than one relating to
the operation of the computer itself
• Typically to be used by end-users

5. APPLICATION
SOFTWARE
(APPS)

6. PROPRIETARY
SOFTWARE
&
OPEN SOURCE
SOFTWARE

7. PROPRIETARY
SOFTWARE
• Proprietary software, also known as
non-free software or closed-source
software
• Computer software for which the software's
publisher or another person reserves some
rights from licensees to use, modify, share
modifications, or share the software
• Source code not published
• It sometimes includes patent rights.
• Example : Microsoft Word, Power Point

8. EXAMPLES OF
PROPRIETARY
SOFTWARE

9. OPEN SOURCE
SOFTWARE
• Open source software is software with
source code that anyone can inspect,
modify, and enhance.
• "Source code" - code which computer
programmers can manipulate to change
how a piece of software—a "program"
or "application"—works
• Programmers who have access to a
computer program's source code can
improve that program by adding
features to it or fixing parts that don't
always work correctly.

10. EXAMPLES OF
OPEN SOURCE
SOFTWARE

11. CLOSED & OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE

12. FREE
SOFTWARE
&
PAID
SOFTWARE

13. FREE SOFTWARE
• Free software (or libre software)
is computer software distributed under terms
that allow users to run the software for any
purpose as well as to study, change, and
distribute it and any adapted versions.
• Free software is a matter of liberty, not
price
• All users are legally free to do what they
want with their copies of a free software
(including profiting from them) regardless of
how much is paid to obtain the program
• Computer programs are deemed "free" if they
give end-users (not just the developer)
ultimate control over the software and,
subsequently, over their devices

15. PAID SOFTWARE
• Software that is developed for a profit. For
example, Windows is a paid operating
system, while macOS is free.
• The reason is that Apple makes a profit on its
Mac computer hardware. macOS runs only in
Mac computers.
• Whereas Windows runs on numerous non-
Microsoft PC brands.
• Microsoft Office for Windows and Mac is
paid, while LibreOffice for Linux is free.

16. RICHARD STALLMAN
(BORN ON MARCH 6, 1953)
• An American free software movement activist
and programmer
• Campaigns for free software
• Stallman launched the GNU Project, to create
a Unix like computer operating system
composed entirely of free software
• Pioneered the concept of copyleft, which uses
the principles of copyright law to preserve the
right to use, modify, and distribute free software,

17. GNU MASCOT -
• Head of an anthropomorphic wildebeest called Gnu
• Full form of GNU is - GNU not Unix
• UNIX - oldest operating system –
1960s
• Used for Main Frame computers
(used by large organisations for
critical applications like bulk data
processing tasks such as censuses,
industry and consumer statistics, etc.
• Micro computers – e.g. Personal
Computer (brand name of IBM’s
Personal Computer) only came later

18. LINUS TORVALDS (BORN 1969)
• A Finnish-American software engineer
• Creator and, historically, the main developer of
the Linux kernel, used by Linux distributions and
other operating systems such as Android
• Kernel - kernel is a computer program at the
core of a computer's operating system that has
complete control over everything in the system.
• It is the "portion of the operating system code
that is always resident in memory"

19. TUX
• Tux is a penguin character and the
official brand character of the Linux kernel