Leonardo da Vinci was an Italian polymath who lived during the Renaissance period from 1452 to 1519. He made numerous contributions in various fields including painting, anatomy, engineering, and cartography. As an anatomist, da Vinci dissected corpses and drew detailed diagrams of the human body, including the heart, muscles, and fetus in the womb. His accurate anatomical drawings expanded knowledge well beyond what was known in ancient times and helped lay the foundations for modern medicine. Though his work was not published in his lifetime, da Vinci's anatomical drawings demonstrated his systematic approach and helped transform European understanding of human anatomy.
Este trabajo ha sido realizado por un alumno del IES FRancés de Aranda de Teruel dentro del proyecto LEONARDO DA... JUEGO, desarrollado junto con el IES Salvador VIctoria de Monral del Campo en el curso 2012/2013
Este trabajo ha sido realizado por un alumno del IES FRancés de Aranda de Teruel dentro del proyecto LEONARDO DA... JUEGO, desarrollado junto con el IES Salvador VIctoria de Monral del Campo en el curso 2012/2013
Este trabajo ha sido realizado por un alumno del IES FRancés de Aranda de Teruel dentro del proyecto LEONARDO DA... JUEGO, desarrollado junto con el IES Salvador VIctoria de Monral del Campo en el curso 2012/2013
Este trabajo ha sido realizado por un alumno del IES FRancés de Aranda de Teruel dentro del proyecto LEONARDO DA... JUEGO, desarrollado junto con el IES Salvador VIctoria de Monral del Campo en el curso 2012/2013
Este trabajo ha sido realizado por un alumno del IES FRancés de Aranda de Teruel dentro del proyecto LEONARDO DA... JUEGO, desarrollado junto con el IES Salvador VIctoria de Monral del Campo en el curso 2012/2013
Este trabajo ha sido realizado por un alumno del IES FRancés de Aranda de Teruel dentro del proyecto LEONARDO DA... JUEGO, desarrollado junto con el IES Salvador VIctoria de Monral del Campo en el curso 2012/2013
Este trabajo ha sido realizado por un alumno del IES FRancés de Aranda de Teruel dentro del proyecto LEONARDO DA... JUEGO, desarrollado junto con el IES Salvador VIctoria de Monral del Campo en el curso 2012/2013
Este trabajo ha sido realizado por un alumno del IES FRancés de Aranda de Teruel dentro del proyecto LEONARDO DA... JUEGO, desarrollado junto con el IES Salvador VIctoria de Monral del Campo en el curso 2012/2013
Este trabajo ha sido realizado por un alumno del IES FRancés de Aranda de Teruel dentro del proyecto LEONARDO DA... JUEGO, desarrollado junto con el IES Salvador VIctoria de Monral del Campo en el curso 2012/2013
Este trabajo ha sido realizado por un alumno del IES FRancés de Aranda de Teruel dentro del proyecto LEONARDO DA... JUEGO, desarrollado junto con el IES Salvador VIctoria de Monral del Campo en el curso 2012/2013
Este trabajo ha sido realizado por un alumno del IES FRancés de Aranda de Teruel dentro del proyecto LEONARDO DA... JUEGO, desarrollado junto con el IES Salvador VIctoria de Monral del Campo en el curso 2012/2013
Este trabajo ha sido realizado por un alumno del IES FRancés de Aranda de Teruel dentro del proyecto LEONARDO DA... JUEGO, desarrollado junto con el IES Salvador VIctoria de Monral del Campo en el curso 2012/2013
Formulación de los compuestos que usaba Leonardo para pintar. Forma parte de los trabajos desarrollados en el IES Salvador Victoria de Monreal del Campo, dentro del proyecto Leonardo da juego, durante el curso 2012-2013
Trabajo de Ciencias Naturales de 2º ESO en el curso 2012-13, dentro del proyecto Leonardo da... juego.
IES Salvador Victoria
Monreal del Campo (Teruel)
Trabajo de 4º ESO perteneciente al proyecto "Leonardo da... juego" realizado en el IES Salvador Victoria de Monreal del Campo, en Teruel, en el curso 2012/2013
Trabajo de 4º ESO perteneciente al proyecto "Leonardo da... juego" realizado en el IES Salvador Victoria de Monreal del Campo, en Teruel, en el curso 2012/2013
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
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Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
2. INDEX
1. Who was Leonardo da Vinci?
2. Time period
3. Contributions. Painting
3.1. Anatomy
3.2. Engineering and inventions
3.3. Geometry
3.4. Cartography
4. Ancient anatomical knowledge. Egypt
4.1. Greece
4.2. Galen
4.3.India
3. Index
5. Da Vinci time's anatomical knowledge
6. Da Vinci's methods and knowledge's expansion
7. Anatomical conclusions
8. Recently found drawings
9. Anatomical drawing comparison
10. Webgraphy
4. 1. Who was Leonardo da Vinci?
• He was an Italian painter, sculptor, architect,
musician, mathematician, engineer, inventor,
anatomist, geologist, cartographer, botanist,
and writer. He is considered a Renaissance
Man because he could do almost everything.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0CRX_
mqpzdU
5. 2. Time period
• He lived in the Renaissance period, a cultural
movement from the 14th to the 17th century
beginning in Italy in the Late Middle Ages and
later spreading to the rest of Europe. Leonardo da
Vinci (April 15, 1452 – May 2, 1519) was born in
the Tuscan hill town of Vinci, in the territory of
the Medici-ruled Republic of Florence.
Vinci, Italy
6. 3. Contributions. Painting
• SFUMATO: painting technique in which there
are no harsh outlines, and it is painted with full
strokes that enhance color and light.
• CHIAROSCURO: use of strong contrasts
between light and dark, usually bold contrasts
affecting a whole composition.
-- Sfumato
Chiaroscuro--
7. 3.1. Anatomy
• He drew the heart and vascular system, the sex
organs and other internal organs, making one
of the first scientific drawings of a fetus in a
uterus, as well as the human skeleton and
muscles. He dissected cows, birds, monkeys
and frogs, comparing in his drawings their
anatomical structure to that of humans.
8. 3.2. Engineering and invention
• He designed musical instruments, bridges and
hydraulics, war machines, flying machines, ...
9. 3.3. Geometry
• Leonardo helped in the production of a book
called "De divina proportione" about
mathematical and artistic proportion. Leonardo
prepared a series of drawings of regular solids
in a skeletal form to be engraved as plates.
Truncated icosahedron
10. 3.4. Cartography
• Leonardo produced several extremely accurate
maps employing a technique called
cartographic perspective.
Leonardo's accurate map of
Imola for Cesare Borgia.
11. 4. Ancient anatomical knowledge
• EGYPT (1600 BC): the heart, its vessels, liver,
spleen, kidneys, hypothalamus, uterus and
bladder were recognized, and the blood vessels
were known to come from the heart.
12. 4.1. GREECE (460 - 377 BC):
• Basic understanding of musculoskeletal
structure and certain organs like the kidneys.
Hippocrates was the first to discover the
tricuspid valve of the heart and its function. To
identify the difference between arteries and
veins, and the relations between organs.
Beginning of animal dissection.
Hippocrates Aristotle
13. 4.2. GALEN (2nd century)
• The major anatomist of ancient times was
Galen. He studied the function of organs by
performing vivisection on animals.
Galen of Pergamon Frog’s vivisection
14. 4.3. INDIA (3rd and 4th century)
• Description of 1120 illnesses, 700 medicinal
plants and a detailed study on anatomy.
Sushruta Samhita
15. 5. Da Vinci time anatomical knowledge
• Dissected corpses contributed to the accurate
description of organs and the identification of
their functions. Leonardo did many studies of
the human skeleton and its parts, as well as
muscles and sinews. He drew the heart and
vascular system, the sex organs and other
internal organs, making one of the first
scientific drawings of a fetus in utero.
16. 6. Da Vinci's methods and knowledge expansion
• Like a true modern scientist, Leonardo used
systematic observations, along with logical
reasoning, experimentation and mathematical
concepts to describe accurately the anatomical
theories and satisfy his curiosity. Therefore
Leonardo could expand and understand human
anatomy.
17. 7. Anatomical conclusions
• Leonardo worked past and knew that there was
much to learn from not only the outside of the
human body but also the inside to truly
understanding of what happens to the body in
certain situations. Due to his studies, other
fields of medicine have expanded knowledge
from his basis of work.
18. 8. Recently found drawings
• Leonardo tried to publish his amazing work in
a treatise on anatomy, and his discoveries
would have transformed European knowledge
of the subject. But on Leonardo’s death in
1519 the drawings remained a mass of
undigested material among his private papers
and their significance was effectively lost to
the world for almost 400 years.
19. 9. ANATOMICAL DRAWING COMPARISON
http://www.touchpress.com/titles/leonardo-da-vinci-anatomy/
Nowadays we know that in the final stages of the pregnancy the foetus is
usually upside-down (you can also point at the umbilical cord, that provides
nutrients and oxygen to the baby). Another peculiar characteristic of da Vinci’s
drawing is that the uterus has a completely round shape like a cocoon, now we
centainly know that the human uterus has a different shape.