About forest and deforestation causes and its effects.

1. FOREST RESOURCE
By:
N.MOUNIKA
CSE-SHIFT

2. Forest is derived from the word 'foris' meaning outside.Forest is a community of
trees and associated covering a considerable area,utilizing air,water and
minerals to attain maturity and to reproduce itself and capable of furnishing
mankind with indispensable products and services
• Types of forests in the world
• Tropical forests or evergreen forest.
• Temperate forests or deciduous forests.
• Coniferous forests or temperate softwood forests.

3. Tropical or Evergreen
1.Occupies 49% of worlds total area of
forests.
2.Grown in high temperature and
rainfall.
3.They are very dense.
4.Ex: sal,elm,rosewood etc.
Temperate or Deciduous
1.Occupies 16% of worlds total
area of forests.
2.Grown in high temperature and
rainfall.
3.They are not dense.
4.Ex: oak,maple,beech etc.
Coniferous softwood
1.Occupies 35% of worlds
total area of forests.
2.Grown in cold regions with
rainfall.
3.They are not dense.
4.Ex: pine,larch,fir etc.
Types of forests

4. 1.Water shed protection.
2.Prevents floods and soil erosion.
3.Atmospheric regulation.
4.Maintaining CO2 levels for plant growth.
5.Land banks.
6.Local use
7.Market uses
Importance or utility of forests

5. TYPES OF FORESTS IN INDIA
1. Tropical Evergreen and Semi-Evergreen forests
2.Tropical Deciduous Forests
3.Tropical Thorn Forests
4.Montane Forests
5.Littoral and Swamp Forests.

6. Over exploitation and depletion of forest resources
MINING ACTIVITIES

7. FOREST FIRES

8. URBANIZATIO
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9. EFFECTS OF OVER EXPLOITATION AND DEPLETION OF FORESTS
1.Contribute to high temperature
2.Increased soil erosion
3.Increased floods
4.In balance in ecosystem
5.Loss of Biodiversity
6.Land degradation

10. CONSERVATION OF FORESTS
1.Control over forest fires
2.Check on forest clearance for agriculture
3.Check on forest clearance for human habitation
4.Protection of existing forests
5.Development of use green belts around cities
6.Conservation of threatened species of trees
7.Development of forests ad tourist centers
8.Social forestry and Agroforestry

11. DEFORESTATION
Deforestation means reckless or large scale feeling or cutting trees by man for
commercial and other purposes.
Causes of deforestation:
1.Expansion of agriculture into forest lands
2.Forest fires
3.Mining
4.Shifting cultivation
5.Fire wood collection by tribal purpose
6.Industrialization

12. Control of deforestation
1.PREVENTION OF HUMAN SETTLEMENT IN FOREST AREA
2.CHECK ON EXPANSION OF AGRICULTURE
3.PROHIBITION OF SETTING INDUSTRIES IN THE FORESTS
4.CHECK ON GROWTH OF TOWNS AND CITIES IN CITIES
5.CONTROL ON OVER GRAZING
6.Controlled MINING

13. TIMBER EXTRACTION Timber Extraction is usually done by
the forest department in our
construction, industrial uses, paper pulp
etc. Illegal logging of commercial wood
is also practiced in many parts of the
country. All other places, the trees are
sold to private contractors for bidding
at public auctions and timber is
extracted within very limited time.
Such practices often lead to gradual
degradation and fragmentation of
forests, which is a serious cause of
concern. It is considered to be the first
step in deforestation and clearing the
land for agricultural production.

14. EXTRACTION OF MINING
1.Deforestation
2.Ecological imbalance
EXTRACTION OF MINING
1.Deforestation
2.Ecological imbalance

15. BENEFITS OF DAMS
1.Dams are built to control flood and store flood wate.
2.Dams are used mainly for drinking and agricultural purposes.
3.Dams are built for generating electricity.
PROBLEMS OF DAMS
1.Displacement of tribal people.
2.Loss of forests, flora and fauna.
3.Landslides, sedimentation and siltation occurs stagnation
and waterlogging around reservoirs retards plant growth.
4.Breeding of vectors and vector-borne diseases.