This document summarizes a presentation about food security challenges in the context of COVID-19 and opportunities for the future. It notes that COVID-19 has negatively impacted the pillars of food security by increasing hunger, reducing access to adequate food, and worsening malnutrition. The pandemic has exposed vulnerabilities in agrifood systems and reversed progress on UN Sustainable Development Goals. However, the document presents opportunities through initiatives like FAO's COVID response program, the Hand in Hand initiative to reduce poverty through agriculture, and transforming agrifood systems through policies to make diets more sustainable, affordable and inclusive. It argues for an integrated approach considering interactions between food, health, social and environmental systems.
Johan Swinnen, Sonja Vermeulen and Martin Kropff
POLICY SEMINAR
Addressing the global food security crisis
Strengthening research and policy responses
Co-organized by German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) and CGIAR
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Assessing Food Insecurity and Its Drivers among Smallholder Farming Household...Olutosin Ademola Otekunrin
Hunger and food insecurity take center stage in most debates in Africa, and in recent times with serious concerns about Nigeria. This study assessed food insecurity among farming households in rural Oyo State, Nigeria, using cross-sectional datasets from 211 farming households through a multi-stage sampling procedure. The Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) module was employed in assessing food insecurity status of farming households, and the ordered logit model (OLM) was used to analyze factors influencing food insecurity among farming households. The results revealed that 12.8% of the farming households were food secure while 87.2% had varying levels of food insecurity. The OLM results indicated that age, household head’s years of schooling, gender, farm size, farm experience, non-farm income, food expenditure, and access to extension service significantly influenced food insecurity among farming households. Based on the findings, efforts should be geared towards promoting households’ education-related intervention programs in order to improve their nutrition-related knowledge that can enhance their food security status. Additionally, there should be provision of rural infrastructural facilities such as piped water, rural electrification, and healthcare service that promote healthy living and enhance households’ agricultural productivity.
Johan Swinnen
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IFIAD Annual Conference 2020
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Food security exists when all people have access to sufficient nutritious food. Nearly 800 million people face hunger globally. India has a large population living in poverty and facing malnutrition, though poverty has declined in recent years. Agricultural production and exports have fluctuated in India from 2007-2010. Ensuring food security for the growing global population will require increased agricultural output and addressing challenges like water scarcity, climate change, and land degradation. International organizations monitor food security indicators and work to promote initiatives and policies to achieve food security.
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Johan Swinnen
GLOBAL FOOD POLICY REPORT
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Rwanda Strategy Support Program (Rwanda SSP)
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Johan Swinnen, Sonja Vermeulen and Martin Kropff
POLICY SEMINAR
Addressing the global food security crisis
Strengthening research and policy responses
Co-organized by German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) and CGIAR
JUL 25, 2022 - 9:30 TO 11:00AM EDT
Assessing Food Insecurity and Its Drivers among Smallholder Farming Household...Olutosin Ademola Otekunrin
Hunger and food insecurity take center stage in most debates in Africa, and in recent times with serious concerns about Nigeria. This study assessed food insecurity among farming households in rural Oyo State, Nigeria, using cross-sectional datasets from 211 farming households through a multi-stage sampling procedure. The Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) module was employed in assessing food insecurity status of farming households, and the ordered logit model (OLM) was used to analyze factors influencing food insecurity among farming households. The results revealed that 12.8% of the farming households were food secure while 87.2% had varying levels of food insecurity. The OLM results indicated that age, household head’s years of schooling, gender, farm size, farm experience, non-farm income, food expenditure, and access to extension service significantly influenced food insecurity among farming households. Based on the findings, efforts should be geared towards promoting households’ education-related intervention programs in order to improve their nutrition-related knowledge that can enhance their food security status. Additionally, there should be provision of rural infrastructural facilities such as piped water, rural electrification, and healthcare service that promote healthy living and enhance households’ agricultural productivity.
Johan Swinnen
CONFERENCE
IFIAD Annual Conference 2020
COVID-19 & Sustainable Food Systems - Transforming food systems in times of crises
OCT 21, 2020 - 10:00 AM TO 01:00 PM IST
Food security exists when all people have access to sufficient nutritious food. Nearly 800 million people face hunger globally. India has a large population living in poverty and facing malnutrition, though poverty has declined in recent years. Agricultural production and exports have fluctuated in India from 2007-2010. Ensuring food security for the growing global population will require increased agricultural output and addressing challenges like water scarcity, climate change, and land degradation. International organizations monitor food security indicators and work to promote initiatives and policies to achieve food security.
Johan Swinnen
GLOBAL FOOD POLICY REPORT
Virtual Event--Discussion on the Implications of the 2020 Global Food Policy Report for Eurasia
Co-Organized by the Eurasian Center for Food Security at Lomonosov Moscow State University, Westminster International University in Tashkent, the World Bank Group, and IFPRI
MAY 27, 2020 - 02:30 PM TO 04:00 PM MSK
Johan Swinnen
GLOBAL FOOD POLICY REPORT
Rwanda Discussion of IFPRI’s 2021 Global Food Policy Report: Transforming Food Systems After COVID-19
Rwanda Strategy Support Program (Rwanda SSP)
APR 28, 2021 - 09:00 AM TO 10:30 AM EDT
Ruben Echeverria
POLICY SEMINAR
Virtual Event - Building back better: How can public food and agricultural research institutions be strengthened and rebuilt after the COVID-19 pandemic?
Co-Organized by IFPRI and the International Consortium on Applied Bioeconomic Research (ICABR)
FEB 2, 2021 - 09:30 AM TO 11:00 AM EST
The document summarizes a presentation about food subsidies in Egypt given the current challenges of high food prices, currency devaluation, and inflation. It discusses:
1) Current food price trends in Egypt and globally, with domestic food inflation over 50% recently.
2) The crucial role subsidies play during food crises in stabilizing prices, protecting vulnerable populations, reducing poverty, and improving health when targeted effectively.
3) Egypt's Takaful and Karama social protection program which provides assistance to over 5 million households, with recent benefit increases, as well as food ration cards and other measures in response to the economic situation.
Shaping Sustainable Food Systems for Healthy Diets and Improved Nutrition: Im...ExternalEvents
This document discusses the need to transform food systems globally in order to address malnutrition. It notes that malnutrition is rising worldwide and affecting over 30% of people. If no changes are made, malnutrition could affect 50% of the global population by 2035. While the ICN2 framework provides a starting point, bolder actions are needed to fully implement evidence-based nutrition interventions, redirect agricultural subsidies toward nutritious foods, refocus agriculture research, and incentivize industry and consumers toward healthier options. Metrics and data on global diet quality also need improvement to guide policies and ensure accountability.
Johan Swinnen
GLOBAL FOOD POLICY REPORT
GLOBAL LAUNCH EVENT - 2021 Global Food Policy Report: Transforming Food Systems After COVID-19
APR 13, 2021 - 09:30 AM TO 11:00 AM EDT
Johan Swinnen
GLOBAL FOOD POLICY REPORT
Transforming Food Systems after COVID-19: Implications of the 2021 Global Food Policy Report for Eurasia
Co-Organized by the Eurasian Center for Food Security at Lomonosov Moscow State University, Westminster International University in Tashkent, Armenian National Agrarian University, the World Bank, & IFPRI
MAY 27, 2021 - 07:30 AM TO 09:00 AM EDT
Presentation by Alan de Brauw of IFPRI, Livia Bizikova of IISD, and Francine Picard and Carin Smaller of Shamba Centre for Food and Climate during the policy seminar on How USD 10 billion can transform food systems in Ethiopia, Malawi, and Nigeria: Report launch on March 16, 2023.
Shenggen Fan presented an outline for a book on agricultural development in a changing world. The outline discussed 3 main points: 1) Rapid transformation has occurred in agriculture over past decades across issues like globalization, regional differences, urbanization, and trade. 2) Agriculture now addresses broader goals like gender, nutrition, climate change, and finance. 3) Agricultural development must take an integrated food systems approach to identify intervention points and assess impacts across different actors and outcomes to address challenges like food security and the environment.
#2021ReSAKSS - Plenary Session I – presentation by Dr. Eliane Ubalijoro, Executive Director, Sustainability in The Digital Age, Global Hub Director, Canada, Future
Earth, and Co-editor of the 2021 Annual Trends and Outlook Report (ATOR)
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During this session, speakers shared evidence on the impact of COVID-19, and discuss the way forward for food systems transformation.
Video recording will be posted shortly on INTPA/Infopoint Conference
Leonard Mizzi - Head of Unit, European Union Directorate General for Planet and Prosperity, European Commission
Johan Swinnen - Director General, International Food Policy Research Institute, IFPRI
John McDermott - Director, CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH), IFPRI
Neha Kumar - Senior Research Fellow, International Food Policy Research Institute, IFPRI
Danielle Resnick - Senior Research Fellow, and Theme Leader, Governance, IFPRI
Resource
IFPRI (2021). 2021 Global Food Policy Report: Transforming Food Systems after COVID-19. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. 124
How far has Africa gone in achieving the zero hunger target? Evidence from Ni...Olutosin Ademola Otekunrin
Sustainable Development Goal 2 is hinged on achieving zero hunger, worldwide, by the year 2030. Many developing countries, especially African countries, are faced with extreme hunger often caused or compounded by bad governance, conflicts and climate change. In this paper, we review patterns of Global Hunger Index scores across Africa from 2000 to 2018 noting advances and setbacks in the fight against hunger in relation to the underlying causes of hunger in these nations, using Nigeria, the poverty capital of the world, as a case study. We also review selected policies of the Nigerian government and development partners aimed at reducing hunger in Nigeria and proffer solutions that can help actualise the target of zero hunger by 2030.
The document discusses transforming food systems after COVID-19. It provides tools and resources for monitoring food production, prices, policies, and trade during the pandemic. It summarizes that COVID-19 increased global poverty and undernutrition. Poor and rural people were disproportionately impacted due to job and income losses. Food supply chains were disrupted, though some were restructured through innovations. The pandemic presents an opportunity to transform food systems to be more resilient through lessons learned and policy changes to support areas like nutrition, social protection, and sustainable food production.
Opportunities for Africa to address all forms of malnutrition: How can the UN...ILRI
Presented by Namukolo Covic, Director General’s Representative to Ethiopia, at the UN Nutrition Strategy 2022-2030 Launch, African Union, 31 October 2022
Johan Swinnen
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Netherlands Discussion of IFPRI’s 2021 Global Food Policy Report: Transforming Food Systems After COVID-19
Co-Organized by The Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs, IFPRI and Netherlands Food Partnership
APR 15, 2021 - 08:00 AM TO 09:15 AM EDT
This document discusses the role of crop protection in ensuring global food security. As the world's population grows by over 80 million people per year, demand for food increases, yet one in seven people currently face chronic hunger. The UN predicts global food demand will double by 2050. Crop protection products like pesticides play a vital role in controlling pests that destroy 20-40% of potential food production annually. Governments and crop protection can help transform food systems to provide livelihoods and achieve the goal of global food security by 2030.
The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) is organizing a hybrid launch event for its 2023 Global Food Policy Report in Nairobi, Kenya, in collaboration with University of Nairobi and as part of the CGIAR Initiative on National Policies and Strategies (NPS) seminar series on May 19, 2023, at 2.00pm.
The 2023 Global Food Policy Report, IFPRI’s flagship report, provides a broad set of evidence-based recommendations for better predicting and preparing for crises, addressing crises when they occur and building equity and resilience of food systems.
The recent overlapping, complex shocks to food systems, including the COVID-19 pandemic, higher food prices, conflicts, and natural disasters have increased the risk of food insecurity, hunger, and malnutrition, thus disrupting livelihoods, increasing poverty, and further diminishing prospects for the world’s most vulnerable people. As crises become more frequent, complex, and prolonged, the report calls for reconsideration of food crisis responses, and building more long-term response solutions guided by solid evidence on the impacts of policies, programming, tools, and governance approaches. There is an urgent need for renewed and broader efforts to prevent, mitigate, and recover from crises in ways that build food system resilience, protect the livelihoods of women and marginal groups, ensure their inclusion in crisis response, and address the impacts of conflict and migration.
The Kenya discussion of IFPRI’s 2023 GFPR will present key findings and recommendations of the report at global and regional levels. A distinguished set of discussants will then present their reflections on the report and provide insights on crisis response and resilience building in Kenya.
IFPRI Egypt Seminar Series provides a platform for all people striving to identify and implement evidence-based policy solutions that sustainably reduce poverty and end hunger and malnutrition. The series is part of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) funded project called “Evaluating Impact and Building Capacity” (EIBC) that is implemented by IFPRI.
Leveraging Agriculture to Improve NutritionShenggen Fan
This document discusses leveraging agriculture to improve global nutrition and addresses key challenges. It finds that:
1. Over 2 billion people suffer from micronutrient deficiencies while global hunger remains high, presenting major nutrition challenges.
2. Agriculture presents opportunities to improve nutrition through economic growth, but the structure and conditions of agricultural growth matter, as do factors like land distribution and women's status.
3. Successful strategies include developing nutritious staple crops, enhancing nutrition through agricultural value chains, and taking multisectoral and context-specific approaches tailored to countries' situations.
This document reviews Africa's progress in fighting hunger over the past three decades using Global Hunger Index scores. While a few countries significantly reduced their GHI scores, some saw increases. No African country achieved targets for all three GHI indicators: undernourishment prevalence, stunting in children, and wasting in children. Challenges to achieving zero hunger by 2030 include poverty, conflicts, and lack of social protection. Opportunities include increased investment, trade reforms, and market access improvements.
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Similar to Food-Security-in-the-Context-of-COVID19_Challenges-and-Opportunities-.pptx (20)
1. Food Security in the Context of
COVID-19: Challenges and
Opportunities
Presented By:
Dr Khaled Eltaweel
Regional Coordinator, United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization
(FAO)
1
2. COVID-19 has
affected the pillars of
Food Security
• “Food security exists when all people,
at all times, have physical, social and
economic access to sufficient, safe
and nutritious food to meet their
dietary needs and food preferences for
an active and healthy life”.
• Food Security Pillars:
• Availability.
• Access.
• Utilization.
• Stability/.
2
3. The world is not on track to achieve Agenda 2030
• Hunger is up to 811 million people in
2020 (161 million increase).
• 2.37 billion (30% of the world) did not
have access to adequate food (up by 320
million).
• PoU increased from 8.4% to 9.9%
percent.
• SDG Target 2.1, of ensuring access to
safe, nutritious and sufficient food or
SDG Target 2.2, of eradicating all forms
of malnutrition are not on track to be
achieved.
• 660 million people may still face
hunger in 2030 in part due to lasting
effects of the pandemic.
3
Source: SOFI2021
4. Unequal distribution of Food insecurity
- More than half of the world’s
undernourished are in Asia and one-
third in Africa.
- 46 million more unnourished people in
Africa and 57 million in Asia in 2020.
- Almost all low and middle-income
countries were affected by pandemic-
induced economic downturns- Five
times greater than the highest increase
in undernourishment in the last two
decades.
- Combined impacts of the pandemic
and climate-related disasters and
conflicts.
4
Source: SOFI 2021
5. Africa is lagging Behind in SDG2
- About 21% faced hunger in 2020
(double the proportion of other
regions).
- Nine out of ten of children with
stunting and wasting live in Africa
and Asia.
- More than 30% of Women suffer
from Anemia (SDG indicator 2.2.3)
vs. 14.6% in Northern America and
Europe.
- One billion in Africa cant afford
healthy diet.
5
Source: SOFI
6. Food insecurity in Africa’s sub-regions
• Severe food insecurity increased sharply in
Western Africa from 19.6 to 28.8 percent
during 2019–2020.
• Moderate increases in Southern Africa-
prevalence of moderate insecurity rose from
44.3 to 49.7 percent.
• Smaller increases of 1% percent in Northern
Africa, where 30.2 percent of the population
was affected by moderate or severe food
insecurity in 2020.
6
Source: SOFI
7. COVID-19 exposed Agrifood systems Vulnerabilities
- COVID-19 added to the pressures on
agrifood systems.
- External Drivers (conflicts or climate shocks,
and Economic slowdown; COVID-19).
- Internal Drivers (e.g. low productivity and
inefficient food supply chains; high cost of
healthy diets and inequality ).
- 3 billion people, especially the poor, in
every region of cant afford healthy diet.
- The Food Systems summit recognizes those
drivers and set the stage for food systems
transformation to achieve the Sustainable
Development Goals by 2030.
7
8. World Economies are Recovering
• 2020: Double Hits (decreasing export earnings
combined with increasing bill of imports); 200 million
jobs lost and 95 million more below poverty line.
• One percent fall in growth of the world economy
pushed more than 22 million people into extreme
poverty and 0.7 million stunned children.
• 2021: Upward outlook supported by fiscal support in
advanced economies.
• Global growth of 6.0% in 2021 and 4.9% in 2022.
• Recovery will vary across countries.
8
9. Food Prices continue to increase
• FAO Food Price Index reached 133.2 points
in October 2021 (3% increase from
September and 31.3% increase from
October 2020. Highest level since July
2011.
• The agricultural and food sector
demonstrated resilience in face of the
global COVID-19 pandemic, but the
compounding effect of income losses and
inflation have impacted access to healthy
diets (FAO-OECD agriculture outlook 2021-
2030).
- 111 measures of initial temporary export
prohibition.
9
10. FAO COVID-19 Response and Recovery Programme
• 1.3 billion USD Programme.
• Global Humanitarian Response Plan.
• Data for decision-making.
• Economic inclusion and social protection to
reduce poverty.
• Trade and food safety standards.
• Boosting smallholder resilience for recovery.
• Preventing the next zoonotic pandemic.
• Agrifood systems transformation.
10
12. The FAO Hand in Hand Initiative
12
• An evidence based initiative to
reduce poverty, eliminate hunger
and increase agriculture productivity
and rural living standards.
• Using geo‐spatial modeling to
identify the biggest opportunities to
raise income and reduce inequalities.
• Focus on LDCs, Land-locked, SIDS,
highly populated, and Food Crises
countries.
• Match Making between Resource Partners and
Developing Countries.
• .
13. South-South and Triangular Cooperation
13
• SSTC is a key delivery modality to catalyze
agricultural development, food security, rural
development, poverty reduction and nutrition.
• FAO's capacity as a global advocator, convener,
broker, facilitator and enabler of SSTC as part of
the Decade of Action to accelerate the
implementation of the Agenda 2030.
• Key thematic focus areas include the Hand-in-
Hand-Initiative (HIHI), Agricultural Innovation,
Small Island Developing States (SIDS) and COVID-
19 Recovery and Response.
14. Six Pathways to Agrifood Systems Transformation
• Formulation of comprehensive
portfolios of policies, investments
and legislation along several
pathways simultaneously.
• Coherence among food, health,
social protection and environmental
systems is essential.
• Accelerators as effective and
inclusive governance mechanisms
and access to technology, data and
innovation.
14
SOFI 2021
15. Agrifood Systems coherence with other Systems
• Environmental systems interact
with food systems at the
production level.
• Health systems ensure that
people are able to utilize foods.
• Social protection systems
addresses vulnerabilities to
poverty through the reduction
of financial barriers to food
access.
15
16. Conclusions
16
• COVID-19 is l wake-up call on the fragility of our agrifood systems and the
need to tackle the root causes of food insecurity and design evidence-
based interventions.
• Use agrifood system lens to better understand the interactions between
food security drivers and other systems to identify points of
interventions.
• Build on the moment created by the Food Systems summit to continue to
put food security on top of the international agenda and transform
agrifood systems to provide affordable health diets that are sustainable
and inclusive.
• Partnerships between FAO and the African Union is key to achieving
Agenda 2030 and Agenda 2063.
World Food Summit 1996.
Availability- mechanized food systems vs labour-intensive. Disruptions in supply
chains for agricultural inputs could also affect food production going forward.
Access: most hit, recession, decreasing income and increasing costs., safety nets, marganlized groups.
Utilization: decreasing access to healthy diet especially in developing countries (high proportion of income). Shift towards more processed food.
Stability: disruptions to food supply chains, \ export restrictions placed on staples like wheat
and rice led to higher world prices for those crops, compared to prices for other foods, which
generally fell (FAO, 2020c). Although most of the COVID-19 food export restrictions were
temporary, the risk remains that countries may impose new export restrictions).
30 million additional because of COVID19.
-A significant increase is forecast in 2030 for Africa (from more than
280 million to 300 million people. While a decrease in Asia from 418 to 300 million.
- The current rates of progress on child stunting, exclusive breastfeeding and low birthweight are insufficient, and progress
on child overweight, child wasting, anaemia in women of reproductive age and adult obesity is stalled.
Compounded impacts of COVID19 through the intergenerational effects.
Drivers combined push cost of food up combined with low levels of income impact access
The percentage of the population who cannot afford a healthy diet in countries affected by multiple drivers in 2019 was 39 percent and 66 percent
higher, respectively, than in countries affected by a single driver or no driver at all.
Conflict negatively affects almost every aspect of a food system, from production, harvesting, processing and transport to input
supply, financing, marketing and consumption.
Climate variability and extremes affect agricultural productivity, and also affect food imports
as countries try to compensate for domestic production losses. Climate-related disasters
can lead to significant impacts across the food value chain.
Economic slow down:- impact access and employement
Food Loss and Waste. Around 33%
dDepending on access to medical interventions, effectiveness of policy support, exposure to cross-country spillovers, and structural characteristics entering the crisis
Both food supply and food demand were impacted initially:- Limitations on factors of production; safety measures, workers, supply chain---
Food Demand: panic buying, income decine, fears of contamination, shift in consumption patterns.
Sub Saharan African countries imported more than 40 million tons of cereals from around the world in 2018.
According to the Outlook, average global food availability per person is projected to grow by 4% over the next ten years,
reaching just over 3 025 kcal/day in 2030. In Sub-Saharan Africa, where 224.3 million people were undernourished in 2017-19, daily per
capita calorie availability is projected to increase by only 2.5% over the next decade to 2500
kcal in 2030
SDGs1,2 and 10
Better production: ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns, through efficient and inclusive food and agriculture supply chains at local, regional and global level, ensuring resilient and sustainable agri-food systems in a changing climate and environment. Programme Priority Areas: Innovation for sustainable agriculture production / Blue transformation / One Health / Small-scale producers’ equitable access to resources / Digital agriculture
Better Nutrition: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition in all its forms, including promoting nutritious food and increasing access to healthy diets.
Programme Priority Areas:Healthy diets for all / Nutrition for the most vulnerable / Safe food for everyone / Reducing food loss and waste / Transparent markets and trade
Better Environment: Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial and marine ecosystems and combat climate change (reduce, reuse, recycle, residual management) through more efficient, inclusive, resilient and sustainable agri-food systems.
Programme Priority Areas:
Climate change mitigating and adapted agri-food systems / Bioeconomy for sustainable food and agriculture / Biodiversity and ecosystem services for food and agriculture
Better Life
Promote inclusive economic growth by reducing inequalities (urban/rural areas, rich/poor countries, men/women).
Programme Priority Areas:
Gender equality and rural women’s empowerment / Inclusive rural transformation / Achieving sustainable urban food systems / Agriculture and food emergencies / Resilient agri-food systems / Hand-in-Hand (HIH) Initiative / Scaling up investment
Using data on soil maps, water, forestry, road network, crop areas, and crop calendar combined with economic data.
The Initiative prioritizes countries where national capacities and international support are most limited or
where operational challenges, including natural or man‐made crises, are greatest. This is in keeping with
the UN’s commitment to “leave no one behind.”
areas in the north have low potential and low efficiency, but that the areas in the center, south, and east (with the dark green color) have high agricultural
potential and low efficiency.
At risk of oversimplification, it can be said that the north of the country needs immediate assistance, such as social safety net programs and conditional cash transfers
implement). The policies there should also aim to build large‐scale infrastructure development, like rural
roads and electrical grids in the long‐term. Bringing in the International Financial Institutions, to put technical and policy knowledge into
action. It also means attracting private sector investment by bringing information on areas of
nvestment for development.
GIS offered to donors and recipient countries to identify policy interventions with high return on investment.
• Since its establishment in 2009, the FAO-China SSC Programme has supported 13 national projects in 12 host countries in Africa, including Cabo Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Namibia and Uganda (SSC Programme Phases I and II).
• The FAO-China SSC Programme has also inspired developed countries to support Africa through triangular cooperation (TrC). For example, a TrC project with the financial support from the Netherlands and China ($ 3million in total), is aiming to enhance the aquaculture value chain development in Ethiopia, as well as stimulate the public-private partnership;
• Another example of TrC project is among the Germany, China and Kenya on improving low carbon tea planting and tea value chain development in Kenya, with financial commitment ($2.5 million in total) and technical support from Germany and China. FAO has been playing the role of coordination and technical mapping, and will be managing this project with joint efforts by the Headquarter Units and the Decentralized Office.
There are six possible pathways through which food systems could be transformed
to address the major drivers of food insecurity and malnutrition and ensure access to affordable
healthy diets for all, sustainably and inclusively.
food systems are affected by climate events, but also because food systems themselves impact
on the state of the environment and are a driver of climate change.
Interventions at the supply chain to increase availability.
Policies shall reinforce each other
Support the most vulnerable people.