This document discusses banking and non-banking financial institutions. It provides information on the types of banking institutions such as commercial banks, savings and loans associations, and credit unions. It also discusses non-banking financial institutions like insurance companies, pension funds, and hedge funds. The document further describes banking and non-banking financial institutions, their regulations, types, and differences between public and private sector banks.
It contains a summarized account of how useful and important rivers and lakes has been to Ghana's economy, and how we may not survive as Ghanaians without it
It contains a summarized account of how useful and important rivers and lakes has been to Ghana's economy, and how we may not survive as Ghanaians without it
Financial institutions play a crucial role in the economy by facilitating the flow of funds between savers and investors. They provide a range of financial products and services that help individuals and businesses manage their finances, invest their money, and access credit. In this article, we will discuss the meaning, types, functions, and examples of financial institutions and services.
Meaning of Financial Institutions and Services
Financial institutions are organizations that provide financial products and services to individuals, businesses, and governments. They play a crucial role in the economy by facilitating the flow of funds between savers and investors. Financial institutions include banks, credit unions, insurance companies, brokerage firms, and investment banks. They offer a range of financial products and services, including checking and savings accounts, loans, mortgages, insurance, investment products, and wealth management services.
visit : https://m1nxt.blogspot.com/2023/04/financial-institutions-and-services.html
Financial institutions play a crucial role in the economy by facilitating the flow of funds between savers and investors. They provide a range of financial products and services that help individuals and businesses manage their finances, invest their money, and access credit. In this article, we will discuss the meaning, types, functions, and examples of financial institutions and services.
Meaning of Financial Institutions and Services
Financial institutions are organizations that provide financial products and services to individuals, businesses, and governments. They play a crucial role in the economy by facilitating the flow of funds between savers and investors. Financial institutions include banks, credit unions, insurance companies, brokerage firms, and investment banks. They offer a range of financial products and services, including checking and savings accounts, loans, mortgages, insurance, investment products, and wealth management services.
visit : https://m1nxt.blogspot.com/2023/04/financial-institutions-and-services.html
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
what is the best method to sell pi coins in 2024DOT TECH
The best way to sell your pi coins safely is trading with an exchange..but since pi is not launched in any exchange, and second option is through a VERIFIED pi merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and pioneers and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive amounts before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade pi coins with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins at high rate quickly.DOT TECH
Where can I sell my pi coins at a high rate.
Pi is not launched yet on any exchange. But one can easily sell his or her pi coins to investors who want to hold pi till mainnet launch.
This means crypto whales want to hold pi. And you can get a good rate for selling pi to them. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor below.
A vendor is someone who buys from a miner and resell it to a holder or crypto whale.
Here is the telegram contact of my vendor:
@Pi_vendor_247
US Economic Outlook - Being Decided - M Capital Group August 2021.pdfpchutichetpong
The U.S. economy is continuing its impressive recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and not slowing down despite re-occurring bumps. The U.S. savings rate reached its highest ever recorded level at 34% in April 2020 and Americans seem ready to spend. The sectors that had been hurt the most by the pandemic specifically reduced consumer spending, like retail, leisure, hospitality, and travel, are now experiencing massive growth in revenue and job openings.
Could this growth lead to a “Roaring Twenties”? As quickly as the U.S. economy contracted, experiencing a 9.1% drop in economic output relative to the business cycle in Q2 2020, the largest in recorded history, it has rebounded beyond expectations. This surprising growth seems to be fueled by the U.S. government’s aggressive fiscal and monetary policies, and an increase in consumer spending as mobility restrictions are lifted. Unemployment rates between June 2020 and June 2021 decreased by 5.2%, while the demand for labor is increasing, coupled with increasing wages to incentivize Americans to rejoin the labor force. Schools and businesses are expected to fully reopen soon. In parallel, vaccination rates across the country and the world continue to rise, with full vaccination rates of 50% and 14.8% respectively.
However, it is not completely smooth sailing from here. According to M Capital Group, the main risks that threaten the continued growth of the U.S. economy are inflation, unsettled trade relations, and another wave of Covid-19 mutations that could shut down the world again. Have we learned from the past year of COVID-19 and adapted our economy accordingly?
“In order for the U.S. economy to continue growing, whether there is another wave or not, the U.S. needs to focus on diversifying supply chains, supporting business investment, and maintaining consumer spending,” says Grace Feeley, a research analyst at M Capital Group.
While the economic indicators are positive, the risks are coming closer to manifesting and threatening such growth. The new variants spreading throughout the world, Delta, Lambda, and Gamma, are vaccine-resistant and muddy the predictions made about the economy and health of the country. These variants bring back the feeling of uncertainty that has wreaked havoc not only on the stock market but the mindset of people around the world. MCG provides unique insight on how to mitigate these risks to possibly ensure a bright economic future.
The secret way to sell pi coins effortlessly.DOT TECH
Well as we all know pi isn't launched yet. But you can still sell your pi coins effortlessly because some whales in China are interested in holding massive pi coins. And they are willing to pay good money for it. If you are interested in selling I will leave a contact for you. Just telegram this number below. I sold about 3000 pi coins to him and he paid me immediately.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
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Introduction to Indian Financial System ()Avanish Goel
The financial system of a country is an important tool for economic development of the country, as it helps in creation of wealth by linking savings with investments.
It facilitates the flow of funds form the households (savers) to business firms (investors) to aid in wealth creation and development of both the parties
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
Currently pi network is not tradable on binance or any other exchange because we are still in the enclosed mainnet.
Right now the only way to sell pi coins is by trading with a verified merchant.
What is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone verified by pi network team and allowed to barter pi coins for goods and services.
Since pi network is not doing any pre-sale The only way exchanges like binance/huobi or crypto whales can get pi is by buying from miners. And a merchant stands in between the exchanges and the miners.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant. I and my friends has traded more than 6000pi coins successfully
Tele-gram
@Pi_vendor_247
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview.pptxmarketing367770
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview
If you're dreaming of owning a home in California's rural or suburban areas, a USDA loan might be the perfect solution. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers these loans to help low-to-moderate-income individuals and families achieve homeownership.
Key Features of USDA Loans:
Zero Down Payment: USDA loans require no down payment, making homeownership more accessible.
Competitive Interest Rates: These loans often come with lower interest rates compared to conventional loans.
Flexible Credit Requirements: USDA loans have more lenient credit score requirements, helping those with less-than-perfect credit.
Guaranteed Loan Program: The USDA guarantees a portion of the loan, reducing risk for lenders and expanding borrowing options.
Eligibility Criteria:
Location: The property must be located in a USDA-designated rural or suburban area. Many areas in California qualify.
Income Limits: Applicants must meet income guidelines, which vary by region and household size.
Primary Residence: The home must be used as the borrower's primary residence.
Application Process:
Find a USDA-Approved Lender: Not all lenders offer USDA loans, so it's essential to choose one approved by the USDA.
Pre-Qualification: Determine your eligibility and the amount you can borrow.
Property Search: Look for properties in eligible rural or suburban areas.
Loan Application: Submit your application, including financial and personal information.
Processing and Approval: The lender and USDA will review your application. If approved, you can proceed to closing.
USDA loans are an excellent option for those looking to buy a home in California's rural and suburban areas. With no down payment and flexible requirements, these loans make homeownership more attainable for many families. Explore your eligibility today and take the first step toward owning your dream home.
Empowering the Unbanked: The Vital Role of NBFCs in Promoting Financial Inclu...Vighnesh Shashtri
In India, financial inclusion remains a critical challenge, with a significant portion of the population still unbanked. Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) have emerged as key players in bridging this gap by providing financial services to those often overlooked by traditional banking institutions. This article delves into how NBFCs are fostering financial inclusion and empowering the unbanked.
how to sell pi coins in all Africa Countries.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network for other cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, usdt , Ethereum and other currencies And this is done easily with the help from a pi merchant.
What is a pi merchant ?
Since pi is not launched yet in any exchange. The only way you can sell right now is through merchants.
A verified Pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins from miners and resell them to investors looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
What price will pi network be listed on exchangesDOT TECH
The rate at which pi will be listed is practically unknown. But due to speculations surrounding it the predicted rate is tends to be from 30$ — 50$.
So if you are interested in selling your pi network coins at a high rate tho. Or you can't wait till the mainnet launch in 2026. You can easily trade your pi coins with a merchant.
A merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive quantities till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
2. BANKING AND NON-BANKING.
BANKING INSTITUTIONS
• There are two main types of financial institutions: banking
and non-banking.
• Banking institutions include commercial banks, savings and
loan associations, and credit unions.
• Non-banking financial institutions include insurance
companies, pension funds, and hedge funds.
3. What are Banking Financial Institutions?
These institutions
are heavily
regulated by
governments to
protect
consumers and
ensure that the
banking system is
stable.
Types of Banking
Financial
Institutions
There are two
types of banking
financial
institutions:
depository and
non-depository.
Depository
institutions
include banks,
savings and loans
associations,
credit unions,
and mutual
savings banks
Non-depository
institutions
include finance
companies,
insurance
companies, and
pension funds
4. What are Non-Banking Financial Institutions?
Non-banking financial
institutions (NBFCs)
are companies that
provide financial
services such as
lending, insurance,
and investment
banking but that are
not regulated as
banks.
This means that they
have a different set of
rules and regulations
to follow.
5.
6. Comparative Table
Criteria Meaning Public Sector Bank Private Sector Bank
Status of Control
Controlling
Authority
These banks are under control of the
Government
These banks are under the control of a
private individual.
Structure
Shareholding
Pattern
Public Sector Banks are the banks whose
more than 50% shareholding lies with the
central or state government.
Private Sector Banks are the banks whose
majority of stake is held by private
corporations or individuals.
Registration
Governing
Act or law
Public Sector Banks are formed by passing
acts in the parliament. For e,g: State Bank of
India (Subsidiary Banks) Act, 1959 & Bank
nationalization Act (1970, 1980)
Private Sector Banks are registered under
the Indian Companies Act
Regulatory Control
Regulatory
Body
The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 (RBI Act)
gives power to Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to
issue rules, regulations, directions, and
guidelines
Reserve Bank of India (RBI) issues rules,
regulations, directions, and guidelines
7. Criteria Meaning Public Sector Bank Private Sector Bank
FDI
Foreign
Direct
Investment
20% of Foreign Investment is allowed in
Public Sector Bank
Private banks have a higher FDI cap at 74 percent,
provided there should be no change of control and
management.
RBI regulations do not permit a single organization
or individual to invest for more than 10 percent of
stake in a bank.
Manage
ment
Selection of
Management
Bank Board Bureau (BBB) gives
recommendations for the appointment of
full-time Directors as well as non-Executive
Chairman of PSBs.
Private Banks have their own selection process like
any other private entity but have to fulfil RBI
guidelines.
8. Ease
of
Banki
ng
new
technology
and
innovative
products
Public banks are slow in
adopting new technologies
and still follow old processes
Private Banks always look forward to
using innovative technology which
can speed up their processes and
increase reliability.
Custo
mer
Servic
es
Consumer
Grievances
or query
redressal
Public sector bank employees
are not urged enough to
resolve customer requests or
handle customer complaints.
Private sector bank employees are
more agile and proactive in catering to
customer requests.
Criteria Meaning Public Sector Bank Private Sector Bank
9. Accessibility
Number of
Branches
Public sector banks have a wider branch
network and higher tier 2 cities and rural
coverage.
Despite technology-based banking Private banks
are mainly catering services to tier 1 cities and few
tier 2 cities and have limited access for the rural
population.
Services
Facilities provided
by Banks to their
consumers
Banking Services and products are common
in both public and private sector banks.
But Public sector banks are way ahead in
providing services to the marginalized
section of society.
The Private Sector also provides similar
services as in public sector banks but the only
difference is that they focus on higher
consumer satisfaction and services at a high
premium, their rural outreach is very less in
comparison to private sector banks.
Loan Disbursal
Speed of
Disbursing the
loan
Usually, Loan Disbursal in a Public Sector bank
involves a lot of paperwork and takes more time
as compared to the private sector. In public
sector bank employees are driven by old
processes hence reduce the turnaround time
Public Sector Bank Loan Disbursal is attached to the
performance of the employees and that too is driven
by innovative and technology-driven processes that
reduce the turnaround time.
Criteria Meaning Public Sector Bank Private Sector Bank
10. Number of customers
to whom they cater
the services
Public Sector banks have a
high Consumer base because
of high geographical coverage
and people also find
government banks are more
trustworthy than private ones.
They have a lesser consumer base
and private banks need more time
to gain trust from people.
Process of Promotion of
Bank Employees
In Public Sector Banks Employees
are promoted on the basis of their
seniority, performance is not the
major criteria for the promotion.
In Private Sector Bank promotion is done
on the basis of merits. Only performing
employees will get growth.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17. What Is Bank Capital?
Meaning - Bank capital is the difference between a bank's assets and
its liabilities, and it represents the net worth of the bank or its
equity value to investors.
The asset portion of a bank's capital includes cash, government
securities, and interest-earning loans (e.g., mortgages, letters of
credit, and inter-bank loans).
The liabilities section of a bank's capital includes loan-loss reserves
and any debt it owes.
19. There are many types of banking
facilities that the banks have
started in recent years. These
are the following types of
innovative banking used by the
banks these days:
20.
21.
22.
23.
24. Offshore banking
An offshore, or overseas, bank account is one that
you have in a country you don't reside in.
They allow you to make and receive payments, hold
money and set up savings and investment accounts
in multiple currencies.
25. Reasons to open an offshore account include:
you're already
living or working
abroad
you're planning to
move abroad, for
work, or to retire
for example
you're an
international
assignee and
move countries
regularly for work
you make
frequent trips
between
countries for
business
you get paid in a
foreign currency,
for example, for
freelance work
you own assets
abroad such as
investments, or
property
you have family
members abroad
who you support
financially, for
example, for a
child's school fees
26. Narrow Banking
A “Narrow Bank” is a type of banking where a bank invests its
money in risk-free assets with maturities that match its liability
maturity profile.
Narrow Banking means Narrow in the sense of engagement of
funds and not in activity.
So, simply, Narrow Banking involves mobilizing the large part of
the deposits in Risk Free assets such as Government Securities
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33. Assets Under
Management (AUM) of
Indian Mutual Fund
Industry as on January
31, 2023 stood at ₹
39,62,406 crore.
The AUM of the Indian
MF Industry has grown
from ₹ 8.26 trillion as
on January 31, 2013 to
₹39.62 trillion as on
January 31, 2023
around 5 fold increase
in a span of 10 years.
34.
35. What does AMFI mean?
AMFI - Association
of Mutual Funds in
India.
This body is the
association of SEBI
registered mutual
fund houses
& was incorporated
on 22nd August
1995.
Currently, there are
44 members of this
association that are
SEBI registered Asset
Management
Companies (AMCs).
Non-profit
government
organization
The prime regulator
of the mutual fund
industry under the
guidelines of SEBI.
36.
37.
38. What is the role of AMFI?
1. It takes directions from SEBI and ensures smooth implementation
of the rules and regulations
maintaining a balance between the progress in the industry as well
as safeguarding each participant’s interests.
With the mutual fund industry being heavily dependent on online
platforms, AMFI also ensures that these platforms provide ease of
access and investment as well as safety and security of the
identity as well as the investment of every investor.
AMFI ensures transparency in each step of the transactions in the
industry thereby bringing in accountability.
39. Through the issue of ARN and increasing investor awareness,
the AMFI ensures that the chances of fraud are reduced and
the mutual fund industry functions by maintaining the
highest standards set by SEBI and AMFI together.
It is given the responsibility of ensuring that best business
practices are followed by all the parties involved in a trade
after a thorough review and discussion of various rules and
regulations that need to be updated from time to time.
43. Meaning
The Insurance
Regulatory and
Development
Authority (IRDA)
is an autonomous
regulatory unit that
protects the
interests of the
policyholder.
They supervise the
growth of the
insurance sector in
India as well as
maintain a speedy
expansion.
The IRDA has been
formed under
the IRDA Act in
1999 with many
purposes and
responsibilities
conferred upon
them.
44. Important Role of IRDA in the Insurance Sector in India:
The insurance industry in India dates back to the early 1800s and has
grown over the years with better transparency and focus on protecting
the interest of the policyholder. The IRDA plays an integral role in
emphasizing the importance of policyholders and their interest while
framing rules and regulations. Here are the important roles of the IRDA:
• To protect the policyholder’s interests.
• To help speed up the growth of the insurance industry in an orderly fashion, for the benefit of
the common man.
• To provide long-term funds to speed up the nation’s economy.
• To promote, set, enforce and monitor high standards of integrity, fair dealing, financial
soundness and competence of the insurance providers.
45. To ensure genuine
claims are settled
faster and efficiently.
To prevent
malpractices and
fraud, the IRDA has
set up a grievance
redress forum to
ensure the
policyholder is
protected.
To promote
transparency, fairness
and systematic
conduct of insurance
in the financial
markets.
To build a dependable
management system
to make sure high
standards of financial
stability are followed
by insurers.
To take adequate
action where such
high standards are not
maintained.
To ensure the
optimum amount of
self-regulation of the
industry.