The document outlines the functionalities and protocols of FIWARE IoT agents, addressing how they enable communication between IoT devices and the FIWARE context broker. It details various features such as device registration, information updates, and command processing, while also specifying the types of IoT devices involved. Furthermore, it discusses different IoT agent implementations, their communication protocols, and provides API configurations for device provisioning and management.

1. FIWARE IoT Agents
1

2. IoT Communication Protocols
2
Range
Speed
< 3m < 5km < 100km
bps
Kbps
Mbps

3. IoT Network of Networks
3
https://atos.net/content/mini-sites/journey-2020/index.html

4. IoT Devices: constrained nodes
4

5. IoT Devices: constrained nodes
5
ARM Cortex-M3 32 MHz
~MB Flash, ~KB RAM
ZigBee, GRPS, IEEE 802.15.4
Low power consumption
mode
Contiki OS, FreeRTOS, RIOT

6. IoT Devices: constrained nodes
§ https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7228
§ Target of price lower as possible. Less than 1$??
6
Class RAM Flash
Class 0 < 1KB <100KB
Class 1 ~10KB ~100KB
Class 2 ~50KB ~250KB

7. IoT Agents: Connecting IoT Protocols to FIWARE
7
APPLICATION
TRANSPORT
SIMPLIFIED OSI
NETWORK
LINK
PHYSICAL
CoAP
802.15.4
UDP
IoT Device
IPv6, RPL
6LoWPAN
App protocol
IoT Agent
TCP
CONTEXT BROKER
IPv4
HTTP
NGSI /REST
1000s of bytes
10/100s of bytes

8. IoT Agents: Connecting IoT Protocols to FIWARE
8
APPLICATION
TRANSPORT
SIMPLIFIED OSI
NETWORK
LINK
PHYSICAL
CoAP
802.15.4
UDP
IoT Device
IPv6, RPL
6LoWPAN
App protocol
IoT Agent
802.15.4
UDP
IPv6, RPL
6LoWPAN
IPv4
TCP
CoAP
App protocol
HTTP
NGSI/REST
TCP
CONTEXT BROKER
IPv4
HTTP
NGSI /REST
1000s of bytes
10/100s of bytes

9. IoT Agents’ features
9
IoT Agent
IoT Agent Lib
Agent Ad-hoc
Context broker
IoT Device
External system

10. IoT Agents’ features
10
IoT Agent
IoT Agent Lib
Agent Ad-hoc
Context broker
IoT Device
External system
1. IoT Agent Registers the device
1.

11. IoT Agents’ features
11
IoT Agent
IoT Agent Lib
Agent Ad-hoc
Context broker
IoT Device
External system
1. IoT Agent Registers the device
2. Device sends information updates
1.
2.

12. IoT Agents’ features
12
IoT Agent
IoT Agent Lib
Agent Ad-hoc
Context broker
IoT Device
External system
1. IoT Agent Registers the device
2. Device sends information updates
3. Agent sends NGSI request
1.
2.
3.

13. IoT Agents’ features
13
IoT Agent
IoT Agent Lib
Agent Ad-hoc
Context broker
IoT Device
External system
1. IoT Agent Registers the device
2. Device sends information updates
3. Agent sends NGSI request
4. External system modifies CB data
1.
2.
3.
4.

14. IoT Agents’ features
14
IoT Agent
IoT Agent Lib
Agent Ad-hoc
Context broker
IoT Device
External system
1. IoT Agent Registers the device
2. Device sends information updates
3. Agent sends NGSI request
4. External system modifies CB data
5. Context broker updates device value
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

15. IoT Agents’ features
15
IoT Agent
IoT Agent Lib
Agent Ad-hoc
Context broker
IoT Device
External system
1. IoT Agent Registers the device
2. Device sends information updates
3. Agent sends NGSI request
4. External system modifies CB data
5. Context broker updates device value
6. Device receives command
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

16. IoT Agents’ features
16
IoT Agent
IoT Agent Lib
Agent Ad-hoc
Context broker
IoT Device
External system
1. IoT Agent Registers the device
2. Device sends information updates
3. Agent sends NGSI request
4. External system modifies CB data
5. Context broker updates device value
6. Device receives command
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
NGSI
IoT
Comm

17. IoT Agents: device to NGSI mapping
§ Each IoT Device is mapped to a CB Entity
§ Each IoT resource is mapped to CB attribute
17
• devID0001
• remoteType
Entity
• temperature
• float
• 25.4
Attribute
• heartRate
• integer
• 80
Attribute

18. IoT Agents: active attributes
18
http://www.smartdubai.ae

19. IoT Agents: active attributes
19
IoT Agent
IoT Agent Lib
Agent Ad-hoc
Context broker
IoT Device
External system
1.
2.
3.
NGSI
IoT
Comm
1. Device sends information updates
2. Agent sends NGSI request
3. External system is notified or queries CB
data
§ Device may be sleep to reduce energy
consumption

20. IoT Agents: lazy attributes
20

21. IoT Agents: lazy attributes
21
IoT Agent
IoT Agent Lib
Agent Ad-hoc
Context broker
IoT Device
External system
1. External system queries CB
2. CB queries IoT Agent as Context
provider
3. IoT Agent queries device
§ Device may be listening to queries
3.
1.
4.
NGSI
IoT
Comm
2. 5.

22. IoT Agents: commands
22
https://atmelcorporation.files.wordpress.com

23. IoT Agents: commands
23
IoT Agent
IoT Agent Lib
Agent Ad-hoc
Context broker
IoT Device
External system
1. External system sets attribute in CB
2. CB updates context in IoT Agent as
Context provider
3. IoT Agent answers with PENDING
4. IoT Agent sends command to device
5. Device answers with command result
6. IoT Agent updates context in CB
4.
1.
5.
NGSI
IoT
Comm
2. 3. 6.

24. Device Provisioning API
§ POST /iot/devices
§ Service headers
• FIWARE-service
• FIWARE-servicepath
24
{ "devices": [
{
device_id: “coffee001”,
entity_name: “coffeeMachineHome",
entity_type: “coffeMachineDevice",
attributes: [
{
name: “waterLevel",
type: “integer"
}
],
lazy: [
{
name: “status",
type: “string"
}
],
commands: [
{
name: “start",
type: “string"
}]}]}

25. Configuration API
§ POST /iot/services
§ Service headers
• FIWARE-service
• FIWARE-servicepath
25
{ services: [
{
resource: “/deviceTest”,
apikey: “801230BJKL23Y24HV8732”,
type: “Light”,
trust: “8970A9078A803HAMS”,
commands: [],
lazy: [{
name: “luminescence”,
type: “Lumens”
}],
active:[]
}
]
}

26. Main IoT Agents available: Ultralight 2.0
26
APPLICATION
TRANSPORT
SIMPLIFIED OSI
NETWORK
LINK
PHYSICAL
MQTT / HTTP
TCP
IoT Device
ULTRALIGHT
IoT Agent
TCP
IPv4
TCP
MQTT / HTTP
ULTRALIGHT
HTTP
NGSI/REST
TCP
CONTEXT BROKER
IPv4
HTTP
NGSI /REST

27. Main IoT Agents available: Ultralight 2.0
§ Measure payload syntax
• temperature | 15 | position up
§ Does not support lazy attributes
§ https://github.com/Fiware/iot.IoTagent-UL
§ Un-appropriate for:
• Really constrained devices
• Low-Power and Lossy Networks (LLNs),
§ Data model based on shorter text messages
27

28. Main IoT Agents available: JSON
28
APPLICATION
TRANSPORT
SIMPLIFIED OSI
NETWORK
LINK
PHYSICAL
MQTT
TCP
IoT Device
JSON
IoT Agent
TCP
IPv4
TCP
MQTT
JSON
HTTP
NGSI/REST
TCP
CONTEXT BROKER
IPv4
HTTP
NGSI /REST

29. Main IoT Agents available: JSON
§ Measure payload syntax
• {“temperature”: 40.2, “position”: “left”}
§ Does not support lazy attributes
§ https://github.com/Fiware/iot.IoTagent-JSON
§ Un-appropriate for:
• Really constrained devices
• Low-Power and Lossy Networks (LLNs),
§ Data model based on JSON standard objects
29

30. Main IoT Agents available: OMA Lightweight M2M
30
http://openmobilealliance.org

31. Main IoT Agents available: OMA Lightweight M2M
31
APPLICATION
TRANSPORT
SIMPLIFIED OSI
NETWORK
LINK
PHYSICAL
DTLS / CoAP
UDP
IoT Device
LWM2M
IoT Agent
UDP
IPv4
TCP
DTLS / CoAP
LWM2M
HTTP
NGSI/REST
TCP
CONTEXT BROKER
IPv4
HTTP
NGSI /REST

32. Main IoT Agents available: OMA Lightweight M2M
§ Object model
• Based on Object and Resource hierarchy (e.g.: /1/12/3)
• OMA Registry
§ https://github.com/Fiware/iot.IoTagent-LWM2M
§ Appropriate for:
• Really constrained devices
• Low-Power and Lossy Networks (LLNs),
32

33. How to start… First, choose your flavour!!
33

34. § https://fiware-iot-stack.readthedocs.io/en/latest/device_gateway/index.html
§ https://github.com/Fiware/iot.IoTagent-node-lib
§ https://github.com/Fiware/iot.IoTagent-UL
§ https://github.com/Fiware/iot.IoTagent-JSON
§ https://github.com/Fiware/iot.IoTagent-LWM2M
How to start… Then, docs and requirements
34

35. How to start… Finally, node/npm or docker?
35

36. Thank you!
http://fiware.org
Follow @FIWARE on Twitter
Jose Gato / Daniel Calvo
IoE Lab. ATOS Research &
Innovation
jose.gato@atos.net /
daniel.calvo@atos.net