Fitzgerald was special counsel to the Senate Interstate and Foreign Commerce Committee in 1953. He was commissioned by Congressman Charles Tobey of Massachusetts to investigate the obstruction of natural cancer treatments by the American Medical Association.
His report to the committee is known as “The Fitzgerald Report” of 1953.
Alone, this information is a bombshell. But, to my knowledge the information you are about to read hasn’t been put into the same or connect-the-dots context before.
Web scraping is a technique for gathering data or information on web pages. You could revisit your favorite web site every time it updates for new information. Or you could write a web scraper to have it do it for you!
It is a method to extract data from a website that does not have an API or we want to extract a LOT of data which we can not do through an API due to rate limiting.
Through web scraping we can extract any data which we can see while browsing the web
The presentation is about blockchain technology.It will give the basic idea about blockchain and about it's application,i.e where we can use blockchain technology.
Web scraping is a technique for gathering data or information on web pages. You could revisit your favorite web site every time it updates for new information. Or you could write a web scraper to have it do it for you!
It is a method to extract data from a website that does not have an API or we want to extract a LOT of data which we can not do through an API due to rate limiting.
Through web scraping we can extract any data which we can see while browsing the web
The presentation is about blockchain technology.It will give the basic idea about blockchain and about it's application,i.e where we can use blockchain technology.
The sequence in which the isolate facets of a homogeneous set of compound subjects arrange themselves in the mind of the majority of readers may be called the absolute syntax of ideas. This may not coincide with the linguistic syntax—that is, the syntax of words—in all languages. It is conjectured that the syntax of facets is the same as the absolute syntax of ideas.
Gravitational waves are ripples in spacetime which are created whenever objects with mass move. They were predicted by Albert Einstein in 1916 on the basis of his theory of general relativity.[1] As gravitational waves are not created from stationary objects, they must be detected from moving systems. Sources of detectable gravitational waves include binary star systems composed of white dwarfs, neutron stars, or black holes.
Overview Of Blockchain Technology And Architecture Powerpoint Presentation Sl...SlideTeam
Enhance your audiences knowledge with this well researched complete deck. Showcase all the important features of the deck with perfect visuals. This deck comprises of total of thirty two slides with each slide explained in detail. Each template comprises of professional diagrams and layouts. Our professional PowerPoint experts have also included icons, graphs and charts for your convenience. All you have to do is DOWNLOAD the deck. Make changes as per the requirement. Yes, these PPT slides are completely customizable. Edit the colour, text and font size. Add or delete the content from the slide. And leave your audience awestruck with the professionally designed Overview Of Blockchain Technology And Architecture Powerpoint Presentation Slides complete deck. https://bit.ly/3cJ7GmX
Research Methods in Library and Information Science: Trends and Tips for Rese...OCLC
Connaway, Lynn Silipigni. 2017. "Research Methods in Library and Information Science: Trends and Tips for Researchers, Students, & Professionals." Presented at the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, March 31, 2017.
Data Vault: Data Warehouse Design Goes AgileDaniel Upton
Data Warehouse (especially EDW) design needs to get Agile. This whitepaper introduces Data Vault to newcomers, and describes how it adds agility to DW best practices.
The invention involves transforming Cannabis with a transgene(s) or chemical(s) expressing biological, chemical, luminescent, and fluorescent markers from the UV, visible, near, mid, and far spectrums of light. This transformation allows for the detection of Medical Marijuana from other forms of marijuana. Cannabis is a genus of flowering plant that include three putative species Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, and Cannabis ruderalis. The invention relates to seeds, plants, plant cells, plant tissue, and harvested products from transformed Cannabis. The invention also relates to plants and varieties produced by the method of essential derivation from plants of transformed Cannabis and to plants of transformed Cannabis reproduced by vegetative methods, including but not limited to tissue culture of regenerated cells or tissue from transformed Cannabis.
Terra Tech Corp. Edible Garden Issue August 14, 2014Norman Gates
A greenhouse in Warren County is at the center of that debate. People living around the Edible Garden plant say it was fine when the company started growing organic vegetables. They're worried about what growing marijuana there will do to their community. The petition clearly states the position of some Brookfield Glen residents in White Township, Warren County. They oppose the legalization and production of marijuana in the Garden State. “This is a horror," said Rita Foti, organizer of the petition. "Somebody wants to turn the growth of marijuana into a healthy cash crop.” Fred and Rita Foti caught wind of the possible plan after seeing news reports that owners of Edible Garden Greenhouse on Route 519 want to start a marijuana farm if recreational use of the drug is legalized in Trenton.
Rose S, Frye RE, Slattery J, Wynne R, Tippett M, et al. (2014) Oxidative Stress Induces Mitochondrial Dysfunction in a Subset of Autism Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines in a Well-Matched Case Control Cohort. PLoS ONE 9(1):e85436.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0085436.
The sequence in which the isolate facets of a homogeneous set of compound subjects arrange themselves in the mind of the majority of readers may be called the absolute syntax of ideas. This may not coincide with the linguistic syntax—that is, the syntax of words—in all languages. It is conjectured that the syntax of facets is the same as the absolute syntax of ideas.
Gravitational waves are ripples in spacetime which are created whenever objects with mass move. They were predicted by Albert Einstein in 1916 on the basis of his theory of general relativity.[1] As gravitational waves are not created from stationary objects, they must be detected from moving systems. Sources of detectable gravitational waves include binary star systems composed of white dwarfs, neutron stars, or black holes.
Overview Of Blockchain Technology And Architecture Powerpoint Presentation Sl...SlideTeam
Enhance your audiences knowledge with this well researched complete deck. Showcase all the important features of the deck with perfect visuals. This deck comprises of total of thirty two slides with each slide explained in detail. Each template comprises of professional diagrams and layouts. Our professional PowerPoint experts have also included icons, graphs and charts for your convenience. All you have to do is DOWNLOAD the deck. Make changes as per the requirement. Yes, these PPT slides are completely customizable. Edit the colour, text and font size. Add or delete the content from the slide. And leave your audience awestruck with the professionally designed Overview Of Blockchain Technology And Architecture Powerpoint Presentation Slides complete deck. https://bit.ly/3cJ7GmX
Research Methods in Library and Information Science: Trends and Tips for Rese...OCLC
Connaway, Lynn Silipigni. 2017. "Research Methods in Library and Information Science: Trends and Tips for Researchers, Students, & Professionals." Presented at the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, March 31, 2017.
Data Vault: Data Warehouse Design Goes AgileDaniel Upton
Data Warehouse (especially EDW) design needs to get Agile. This whitepaper introduces Data Vault to newcomers, and describes how it adds agility to DW best practices.
The invention involves transforming Cannabis with a transgene(s) or chemical(s) expressing biological, chemical, luminescent, and fluorescent markers from the UV, visible, near, mid, and far spectrums of light. This transformation allows for the detection of Medical Marijuana from other forms of marijuana. Cannabis is a genus of flowering plant that include three putative species Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, and Cannabis ruderalis. The invention relates to seeds, plants, plant cells, plant tissue, and harvested products from transformed Cannabis. The invention also relates to plants and varieties produced by the method of essential derivation from plants of transformed Cannabis and to plants of transformed Cannabis reproduced by vegetative methods, including but not limited to tissue culture of regenerated cells or tissue from transformed Cannabis.
Terra Tech Corp. Edible Garden Issue August 14, 2014Norman Gates
A greenhouse in Warren County is at the center of that debate. People living around the Edible Garden plant say it was fine when the company started growing organic vegetables. They're worried about what growing marijuana there will do to their community. The petition clearly states the position of some Brookfield Glen residents in White Township, Warren County. They oppose the legalization and production of marijuana in the Garden State. “This is a horror," said Rita Foti, organizer of the petition. "Somebody wants to turn the growth of marijuana into a healthy cash crop.” Fred and Rita Foti caught wind of the possible plan after seeing news reports that owners of Edible Garden Greenhouse on Route 519 want to start a marijuana farm if recreational use of the drug is legalized in Trenton.
Rose S, Frye RE, Slattery J, Wynne R, Tippett M, et al. (2014) Oxidative Stress Induces Mitochondrial Dysfunction in a Subset of Autism Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines in a Well-Matched Case Control Cohort. PLoS ONE 9(1):e85436.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0085436.
Presentazione di Kyle Scott - Console Generale degli Stati Uniti d'America, Consolato Americano, Milano - 26 settembre 2013 - Camera di Commercio di Verona
Alan Brochstein CFA of 420investor.com and Seekingalpha.com is known as the Cannabis Financial Analyst, but when I decided to vet his background I uncovered a very large gash to the tune of $800K during his time as Director of THE LYNN AND JOEL BROCHSTEIN FOUNDATION, INC. To be fair I insisted Mr. Brochstein put his blogging on hold to provide proof that none of my findings were true and I am still waiting for the facts. All of this information was found in the public domain as not to violate any state or federal laws.
Medical Marijuana, Inc is extremely pleased with Q4 performance which has exceeded expectations in sales and awareness of the benefits of CBD-rich hemp oil products. Due to rapidly expanding growth, the Company is in the process of securing additional office space to relocate the corporate office and obtain a larger warehousing distribution center. It is anticipated that sales and customer service will remain at the existing facility.
Let's discuss it here. I posted this in the
forum earlier today:
I'm definitely not that happy with the alerts
lately. I understand the reasons they are
being done: trim the paper portfolio, etc, but
let's have a little compassion for all the
underwater stock holders who have
patiently held for a couple months, & just
want now to be able to break even, let
alone make money.
Presentazione di Lorenzo Tosi - Agrea - sulla batteriosi del kiwi e il suo contenimento per il convegno della Camera di Commercio di Verona del 3 ottobre 2013: "kiwi 2013/2014: stime di produzione e commercializzazione"
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1,979. Healthy People: The Surgeon General's Re-
port on Health Promotion and Disease Preuention.'Washingtorr.
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Recently, it has become increasingly evident that we have engineers and scientists reaching a professional level of practice without a clear understanding of the scientific method, its origins, and its fundamental workings. There also appears to be a lack of appreciation of our total dependence on the truths that science continually reveals. How this situation ensued appears to vary from country to country, and the flavour of education system encountered by students. But a common complaint is the progressive dumbing down of the science curriculum along with a dire shortage of qualified teachers. This also seems to be compounded with the increasing speciation of science and engineering into narrower and narrower disciplines. So this situation (crisis?) prompted a request for a corrective series of foundation lectures focussed on healing these educational flaws across relevant disciplines, graduating and practicing levels. This then is the first in this foundation series.
In a world that appears riven by social media, ill-informed opinion, rumour, and conspiracy theories in preference to facts and established truths, it can be alarming to see scientists, doctors, and engineers challenged by vacuous statements that often hold sway over the hard-won truths of science. Moreover, large numbers of people do not understand the ‘scientific method’ and what makes it so powerful.
Paradoxically, those challenging science and scientists based on their belief systems do so using technologies that can only be furnished by scientific methodologies. For sure; no religion, belief system, great political mind, anarchist, professional protester, or social commentator will produce a TV set, mobile phone, laptop, tablet, supercomputer, MRI Scanner, AI system, or vaccine! But they will criticise, challenge, and be abusive based on their ignorance and inability.
So, this is the world that now influences the minds of young aspiring students, and this presentation is designed to go beyond the simple exposition and statement of the scientific principles and method, to provide an ancient, modern, and forward-looking perspective. It also includes a complex ‘worked example’ to highlight the rigour that must be applied to establish any truth!
Terra Tech Corp. Edible Garden Issue June 12, 2014Norman Gates
A greenhouse in Warren County is at the center of that debate. People living around the Edible Garden plant say it was fine when the company started growing organic vegetables. They're worried about what growing marijuana there will do to their community. The petition clearly states the position of some Brookfield Glen residents in White Township, Warren County. They oppose the legalization and production of marijuana in the Garden State. “This is a horror," said Rita Foti, organizer of the petition. "Somebody wants to turn the growth of marijuana into a healthy cash crop.” Fred and Rita Foti caught wind of the possible plan after seeing news reports that owners of Edible Garden Greenhouse on Route 519 want to start a marijuana farm if recreational use of the drug is legalized in Trenton.
Immune system dysregulation is well-recognized in autism and thought to be part of the etiology of this disorder. The endocannabinoid system is a key regulator of the immune system via the cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2R) which is highly expressed on macrophages and microglial cells. We have previously published significant differences in peripheral blood mononuclear cell CB2R gene expression in the autism population. The use of the Gc protein-derived Macrophage Activating Factor (GcMAF), an endogenous glycosylated vitamin D binding protein responsible for macrophage cell activation has demonstrated positive effects in the treatment of autistic children. In this current study, we investigated the in vitro effects of GcMAF treatment on the endocannabinoid system gene expression, as well as cellular activation in blood monocyte-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from autistic patients compared to age-matched healthy developing controls.
Conclusions
This study presents the first observations of GcMAF effects on the transcriptionomics of the endocannabinoid system and expression of CB2R protein. These data point to a potential nexus between endocannabinoids, vitamin D and its transporter proteins, and the immune dysregulations observed with autism.
The Drug Enforcement Administration is raising the production quota for marijuana that is ordered by the federal government.
The National Institute on Drug Abuse produces marijuana for the purpose of research. The DEA is giving the agency permission to produce up to 600 kilograms of marijuana this year.
"The aggregate production quota for marijuana should be increased in order to provide a continuous and uninterrupted supply of marijuana in support of DEA-registered researchers who are approved by the federal government to utilize marijuana in their research protocols," the agency wrote.
The United States Government established a Claims Process to make available up to $1.33 billion or more to farmers who alleged discrimination by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) based on being female, or based on being Hispanic, in making or servicing farm loans during certain periods between 1981 and 2000. If you qualified and submitted a timely claim, you could receive an award of up to $50,000 or up to $250,000 in cash, depending on the evidence that you submitted. USDA will also provide a total of up to $160 million in debt relief to successful Claimants who currently owe USDA money for eligible farm loans. Successful Claimants may also receive an additional amount, equal to 25% of the combined cash award plus the principal amount of debt relief, to help pay federal taxes that may be owed.
Attorney General Eric Holder is expected to answer questions about federal marijuana policy during a Tuesday hearing of the House Judiciary Committee regarding Oversight of the U.S. Department of Justice. Holder will be providing testimony regarding various Obama administration enforcement policies.
The U.S. Patent Office issued patent #6630507 to the U.S.Health and Human Services filed on 2/2/2001. The patent lists the use of certain cannabinoids found within the cannabis sativa plant as useful in certain neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and HIV dementia.
Since cannabis sativa (marijuana) contains compounds recognized and endorsed by an agency of the U.S. government- Why is it that marijuana remains on the Federal Schedule One list of drugs? The issuance of patent #6630507 is a direct contradiction of the governments own definition for classification of a Schedule 1 drug.
To address the rapid increase in crime associated with the marijuana industry, MPSI will focus on providing armed and unarmed security for retail and grow operations, inventory and revenue transport, compliance oversight and workplace protection to the medical and adult use cannabis industry in all current and future marijuana legal markets.
Manufacture of the Medbox, Avnet Inc. has filed a lawsuit against financial terrorist Alan Brochstein, CFA of 420investor.com and Seekingalpha.com who constantly make false accusations about companies especially in the cannabis industry.
The Edibles List is your source for information and reviews on medical marijuana edibles, dispensaries, doctors and all else in the legal cannabis community.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
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New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
1. A5350.
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -
APPENDIX
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co m m en ced a coll ecl on and stud j' 0 1 gne d
!ta lla n Immigrants : Na ti on al AllIa n cc of
lVa .sh t ngton . D. C .
ter ra t co verrng t he operatlons o r I OUn datlm a Czech Ca tholics; National Ca t holic
DE.'R S ENA
TOR LANGER: M v f ther had In - h os p i t als . enn tcs. an d G O',"ernmeDt -sp on ons ,
Ru ra l Life Con ference: Nationa l Con - t e n d ed to p u t t h e cn ci osed re :t In the
r gan lza tlo na specu IIz ln g In c ne e: probl ~r ed
fer ence of Cath olic cha rltlcs : Na t ion al CONGRESSIONAL !l Econ D b u t . d ue to hi s u n - InclUd in g t h e t o ll o wlng :
rna.
Council of Cathollc Men ; Na ti ona l Coun- t Im ely d e nt h . t h is w • trn p osstb l c,
Arner tca n Can cer Soc le y.
It wo u ld be &Teatl ;. np prcc ta ed I t j' OU
·
cil of Ca tholic Women : New York DioAm er lc n :'l ed lc nl IIss oc l t lo n .
cesa n R esettlemen t Commit t ee; P olish w oul d h. ve t h is re po r t In serted In t h e cox An n e Jo'u ll er Fund . l>e w II nven , Co nn.
Ga ESSION, L RECORD Ap p e n d iX und er the su g D be R u t h Fou n d n t lo n .
Jm m lgra tlon Comm ittee : Slova k C. th o gest d h elld ln [; or ..... R epo r t to t he sen ate
Bl a ck . Stevenson C ricer Fou n da t io n. H at ollc Federation of Ameti ca : Uk raInIan Jn t ers ta 0 Co m m erce Co m m ittee o n t h e
ti esb u rg . Miss .
Catholic Comm ittee : UkraIn ia n Con- Need for I n ~ es tl g a t1 o n of C a n c e r Reses r ch
Bonds Fund , Ne w York .
gr ess Committee :
nlted F riends of Orga n lza t tona ."
J o h nllthan Bowman Fund , Ma dIs on , Wls
Wi th personal r eg a r d s, I a m .
Needy a nd Dlsplac ed People of Y u 0 Cr oc k e r Ca n c er R es ea r ch Fun d. Ne w YO~k
S in cer el, j·ou rs.
Da m on R u n yon Ca n cer Fund .
.
sla vla : u nuce Lith ua nia n R elief Fund
CH ARLES W. T o o!:". J r .
Ph tllp L, Dr os nes and t h e Dr os n es Lnzen .
of America ; Uni ed Ukrain ian Am erica n
bey ono rc. Plt tsburgb. Pa,
R ellef Com m it tee ; Wh ite R u th eni a n Prom : Be n ed Ict F . F it " ernl d , J r .. spcc ta l
Dr . F, M . Eug ene, Bl ll&! Clin ic, Lo n g Vu ll ey
By elorll S5la n- Congress
Com m it tee :
.
counsel t o t he Comm ittee o n I n t en t n le N . J .
and F ore ig n Co m m er ce .
G o ver n m en t o rgn n lzntlons : Th e Dep rt.
Wa r Relief se n 'lces-Nationa l Ca thol1c
T o : Hon. J OHN W. Ba lcl<>:R a n d men: bers of m en t o f Health , E d u ca t ion , an d Welf a r e: ( )
w crrnre Conf erence.
'
the I nterstate nn d F ore ign
mrnerce loood a n d Drug Ad m in is t r a tio n: (bl Fe d era l
T here bein g no ob jectio n . the resolu Committe e of t h e Uni t ed S t ates Se n ate . T r ade Commi ssi o n .
ti on was ordered to be printed in the
Dr . G rego ry ClinI c. P asnd c na , Caut.
S u b j ect : Pr ogr ess r e por t o n s t udy requested
R EconD, as follows :
Hon ey Cancer C li n ic. 40507 G llst on Ave n u e,
by the la te Se n a tor C h a r les W , To bey ,
T ho ne rnbcr s or th e Na ti on . I Ca tho llc R c nc ttle m e n t Coun cil a n d th e Am er tcun c o rem lttee on S p ecIal M igra t ion t a j ot n t, m e et In g unantmousty p assed the t ollowln g reso tu li o n :
" Wh er eas t h e 63d Co n gr ess . lst s ess tc n ,
h as enac te d }I. R. &:81 In r e ponse t o r ec om m e nda ti on s m ad e b y Pres id en t E is enhower :
"Wh er eas t h e en ac t m en t o f this le gi s!. t lon
ner ves t h e hi gh est Interes t o f ou r b elov ed
Am e r ica wh il e , at, the same tim e, It will as 1lt SOIl)C o f our m o t Im portant a llies In
h ' ln g p roblems c re a t ed by t ymnny, w ar ,
a n d It" aftermn th ;
" Wh e reas the enac tmen t or t h is leg is la t Ion w as made possIb le by t h e lIr m s u ppor t
and de te rm ined le ad e rs h ip of ce rta in :.l em b ers 0 1 Co n gress : Th er e rore. be It
"R esolved, Th a t t h e Na ti onal en h oll c Re set lem en t Coun e ll a nd tho Amerlcn n
mm ltteo 011 Speci al Migr a t Ion, r epresen t in g M
they d o mllliona of Am eri ca ns wn oee h o pes
n n d p raye rs beseec h pe a ce w ith rrced om lo r
n il rn nnkt nd, ex p r ess t h e Ir &TatcfUI a p p reCia ti on to all t hose w h o assis t ed In brln g ln
" bou t t he enac tIOOn t Of e merge ncy l eg is la ti on : be It tUrther
" Reso lved , Thn t a co py o f this r es ol u lOll
b e t ra nsmItted to t h os e Me m be rs o f Co n g r e
Wh o e ,ervlc es In t h is wo r t h y clI Us e wer e
outst n ndl n g..,
ehal rmn n, Selllite I n t N s t a t e a nd Fore l[;11
Co m m erce Co m m it tee.
l )ROJ ECT
The u nder s ig n ed, as s peci a l co u n se l to the
S en a t e tnter st nte and F o r e ig n Co mmerce
Co m m it te e. WIS directed t o aupervlse a stu d y
of t h e ro llo wln g :
I. All t h ose In d lvld · nl s . o r gan t zat tc ns ,
rounc nu ons, hospi tals a nd eu nice. through o u t t h e U nited S ta te s , wh ic h n a ve a n etr ect
u po n In ters t a te commerce nnd wh ic h n ave
bee n conductlng r esea r c h es , tn vcs tt gatto ns,
expertmcnts a n d d e m o ns tra t ion s r el a tl n to
t he ca u se, prc vcntto n, nnd m e t h ods of d iag n os is and r eatment of t h o di se ase cancer ,
to de termine t h e In t e rs t a t e ram l fi
Io n s o f
t h eir op e ra tion s, t h e ir d n a n clal str u ct u res,
Inclu d In g t n err fun d -rais in g m eth ods. and
t h a m ou n ts e xpe n d ed for cUnlcal r e earcn
as d is ti n gu is h ed fr o m admin istrative exp end It u r es . a n d to as certa in the ex rc n of th e
t h er a pe u tl c value cla im ed b y eacu In t h e us e
01 Its p art. Ic ul nr therapy.
2 . The fnc ts In vOl'l n g t h e d is co very of, t h e
1m po r ts fr o m a for el s n co untr)' of. the re search es upo n . and t h e In to r sta te cx per l .
m en ts, de m o n stratIons , a nd u se o f t h e . a r l OWl dr u gs . prep nra tl ons. and remedIes for th e
t re a t m e n t of the d Isease c anc e r, suc h d rugs
t o In clude t h e so -ca ll ed 'I' o n d er dru g kr e b lo ze n , gl oxyllde, m ucorhle ln , and oth ers.
3. The t ac ts I n ' o l ~ l n g the Inte rstate co n ap lr a cy. If an y. e n ga ged In b j' any In dl' ld u als , organIzations, corp oratl on s , ass o ci a A Report 10 the Senate IDlers/ate Com- t o ns. and, co m b In es 0 1 a n y kin d Wh a tsoever.
. to hInder. sup p r ess, or r estrict t·h e tree now
merce Committee OD the Need for In- o r trans m is si on 0 1 kreblo7.en. g lox ~· lI d e . a n d
m u co r h lcJn . a n d o t her druga, p re p nratlon s
vest igatioD of Cancer R ~s ea.eh Organa n d remed ies. a n d In fo r m a tl o n . · re aear c h es.
izations
In ves t lga tl ons , experiments a n d d em on s t rat ion s r el a ti n g to the ca use . pre ve n tion a n d
methods of diagnosis a n d trea t m en t o f the
EXTENSION OF REM ARKS
d isease ca n cer.
0 >"
40 . T he f acts h w ol vln g the operatl n o f
volu n ta r y coop era tl ve prepaid medIc al p la ns
a n d t h e orga n lz tlon s sponsor In g said p la ns
which n re en ga ge d In In ters t tlte com m erce
0>" No aTH IMKOT
A
a n d whic h In cl ud e In the ir {lro rams medical
IN TIlE S -ATE OF TIIE UNIT E D STA TES t r ea t m e n t for t h e d is eas e c. n cer, t o d etermine the ex ten t o f their Interst ate Ins urM onda y. August 3, 1953
' n C operatio ns. t h e Id e n t l y of the ir orl Ie
n t o rs a nd spo n so rs , a n d t h e res istan ce. If
1I r. LANGER. Mr. P resid en t. Ire·
an y. t h at each In s u r e r h as experI enced f rom
q les permlS5Joll to havc In se r te d In th e a ,. y In d l~ldu al s , or
17.a tlo ns . corporl'.tl ons.
CONG
RESSIONAl, R ECORD un der da tc of assoc ia t io ns, o f co mbines , In t h e ir aUempl.'l
Augus t 3, 1953 , the letter from Ch a rlcs to offer p ro t ec Ion t o th ose who a r c nnll cted
V. To bey, J r.. son o f the la to Senator wit h t h e di s eas e cancer.
5 . T h o t a ct s Im 'ol vlng t h e In eq u a lity o f
Ch a rles Tobey, togeth er with h is en ·
opportunlt j' , If a n y. th a t e xis ts with r eg a rd
closure.
t o raeo. creed . or col or. In co n n ec ti on with
T h ere beIng no obje cti on . th e letter the ad m l... lon f stude n t.q. r ese a rc h ers . a n d
nn d enclosure were ord er ed 1.0 lJe Pl'luted p a tl e n ts to Ins t lt u tl o ns t h r ou gh ou t t h e
in th e R ECORD, a s follows :
Unl ted States c g aged In ca n cer thern p j .
HON. WILLIAM LANGER
Da ll ns . T ex.
C . P . H u n t in gton F u n d . Ne w Yor k .
t nternut tou : I Cance r R ct e nrcl'
u nda.
t lon , P h il a d elp h ia . P n.
Johns Hopki ns Hosp it a l , Ba lt im or e, , Id.
Dr . Wa ld o J o nes , M j'r tl e Bea c h . S . C.
D r . W ill i am F . K och and R<:'. S m S ... a ln
·
Cli n ic. a lso kn own as the Ch r is tia n Med ical
Res earc h Le a gu e . Det roit , Mic h .. . nd Br azil .
Sou th Am er ica .
La ke la n d Found a ti on . Ch lc ng . III.
L In co l n Foundntlon . Medto rd, Mass,
M em o r ia l Hos p lnl . New Y or k ,
D r. K . F . Murph y a ri d D r . Charles Lym a n
ner c n n ic. 25 E as t Was h in g to n
tr ee t ,
Ch iCAgO, III .
N ew Yo r k Sk In and Ca n ce r Hos It I , :f ew
'l:or k.
R ad Ium I ns tl t u t e o f New Yo:k .
H e n r~' R u t her'Iord Fund . f<: cw Yo rk,
C h r les F . S p a n g Fo u n tl a t lo n . P ittsb u rgh.
Pa.
n l, 'e rs lt y 01 Chicago. Ch Ic ago , III.
n l'c rs lt j' of I lIl n o ls ' ChampaIg n. I ll .
T h er e H e r , the u nder si gn ed tr. velc d to
I 11I n o is to In ve stlgate the so-called kreb loze n
co n n o vers j·. and on J Ulj' 2. 1053. wr ote 8 r ep or t o n h is fin dJ n gs which Is a t t a ched h er eto
a nd m luk ed "Exh ib it A." I n clud ed In t h is
r ep or t W !.S tho e v lu atlo n :
" The controvers y Is In vo lv ed and req u ir es
f u r t h e r rese arc h and de velopment, T h ere Is
reM on to b ellevo t h a t the AloiA hns b een
h llStj' . capricIous . arbitr a r y, a n d outrJght
d ishon est. and o f co u rs e If the doctrin e o f
'respondeat superior ' Is 10 b e obser ved, tl le
a lle ged m ac hi nations of D r. J . J . Mo or e (l or
t h e p ~t 10 ye rs t h e reM u rer of t h e A. 1, I
c oul d In 'ol " o ~ll e ,A, M , Bnd o thers In nn
In lCrs t :>.te co nspir acy ot al arming propo : t lo n • .
"Th e p ri n ci p a l wit ne ss es wh o t ell of Dr .
M oore 's rlUeallt y nr c Alber to Ba rrelra, Argen t in e c a b ine t m e m be r , nd h is ecrctnr " . An n .
D . Sc hmidt."
Therea fte r. t h e und ersi gn ed " ls it ed oth er
a r eas . In t orrogBUn g med ical men. a nd o n
July JoI. 19 53 . wrote " f u rt h er r epor t . In cl u ded In this was t h e e 'a luat!o n:
" Be ing ' It n lly In te r es te d nnd h l' ln l; trIed
o listen a n d obse rve close l y. It Is my pro fo u n d co nvi cti on th a t t his s u bst ance k re b lo ze n Is on e of t he most promisIng m a t e: lal '
~' e Is o lated for t h e management o f cancer.
I t Is bi ol og ic all y ae t h 'e. I h a 'e go ne c ver
t h e re cor ds o f 530 cases, m ost o f t h e m con ducted at a d lstance fr om Chicago, b j' un '
bl llSed ca nce r eJq>er ~ a nd ellnlcs . I n r ea ch In g ro v conclusions I h a ve of cours e dis .
counte'd mj' o wn la y observ a tlot15 a nd r elied
m os tl y o n the op in io ns ot q u a ll ll ed c~ncer
r esenre h workers nn d rdlJ r; e xper ie n ced
phj'sl c lans,
2. i.
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD " J h ave co n clu de d th nt I n the va lu e of
pr ese nt ca n cer researc h , th is s ubs tance a n d
t h e t h eo r y be h Ind It d eserve s t ho most f u ll
Ilin d complete and s cientific s t u d y, I ta valu e
In tbe m nn ag em cn t, of t h e cance r p a ti en t h lS
bee n d em ons tr nte d In n su rnclent n u m b er
' no d percemage of eas es 10 d em a n d f ur t her
'work.
"B eh in d a n d over .,11 thIs Is t h e weirdes t
con glom era t io n or co rrupt m c ttves , Intrigue ,
:s oU1s h n ess , jeal ou s )t , ob struct io n , a n d con' sp lra cy that I hnve ever s een .
"D r. An dr ew C. Ivy, wh o h as b een co n d uc ll n r es earch u p on t hi s dmg , Is abso IUt.ely bon es t In tellect ually, acle n Ul1ca lly ,
'nn d In every otber wa y. Mor co ver, he a p p ea rs to be a c e a ! t h e m ost compe tent a nd
u n b ias ed ca n ce r exp erts til. t I h a ve ever
in
com e In con t a ct wit h , h a V g served on t bo
nrd o r h o A rn crt cnn Cnn ccr SocIet y an d
t h o Am er ica n Med ical Associat Ion , nnd In
t h at c" pa cl t y h avi ng been ca ll ed u pon to
o"a lu a t o vario us types o r ca n cer thera p )' .
'Dr, Georg e O. Stoddar d , president or t h o
.Unlverslty of Il lin ois , In nss ls tl n g In the
cess at ion or Dr . I vy'. r es ea r ch on can cer a t
t ho Un ivers ity or nu nors , a n d In r eco mm en d tn g .rh e a bo nshment. or t h e Intter', pos t
B vlcc p r esi d e n t of t h a t tnstt t u t ton , n es , In
m y opinion , s hown a tt r ibu tes o r In to ler a n ce
for scien tifi c r es earch In gene ra l."
I t Is a matt er or co mmon knowledg t h llt
t il. entire s u b j ect m ntter Is hi ghly centro 'Crs la l a nd th us rur t h er and a dd ltlonnl re s earch and develop me nt would entail m or e
ti m e. A contro vers y a mon g renowned su r goon s, p a t hologtats , ca n cerolog ts ts , a nd r adl o log ls ta should n ot de ter or silence t h lB co m m it te e fr om carrym out the m a nda t e con t em pla t ed and ex pr essl y dIr ected b)' th e la t.
o
c h a irma n or yo u r commIttee, Sen ntor Ch arles
W . To ~y, by virtue of th o r esolu ti o n p asaed
b y the Senate.
:'<
ow, pass in g on to a n t h er Im tl t u tl on . I
h ave very carefully s t u die d t h e court .records
or t h r ee cas es tried III t h e Fed er al and Sta t<:l
cou r ta or Da ll as , Tex. A ru n ni n g figh t has
·bee n golng o n be t wee n onlclals. es pe clnll y Dr.
Mor ris Flshbeln , o r tbe Am er ic an Med.lc I
Asso cia t io n t hrou gh t he jou rnal or Ih nt o rga n iza ti on , n d the H oxaey Ca n cer Clin ic.
Dr. Jo'l shbo ln con ten d ed tha t th e m ed ici ne s
em p lo)'ed by t h o Hoxaey Cancer Cli ni c h nd
DO therapeu tic value; t h t It was run by a
q u a ck an d a charlatan . (This clin Ic Is
m nn n ed hy a stalf o r over 30 employees , Inc lu d in g n u rs es a n d p h ys icia n s . ) Rep rin ts
and cIrc u la ti on or s everal million cop Ies o r
IIrl1cles f,() p repa r ed resu lte d In li t igatIo n .
T h e Gove r nment tlleN!aH cr Interv en ed a nel
EOu
ght an In ju n cti o n to p re ven t t h e tra ns m iss ion In In te rst a te co m me rce o f ce rtnl n
m ed icin es. It Is In teresti ng to n ote th nt In
t b e t r ia l cou rt, herore J Ud ge At well , wh o
h ad an o ppor t u n lt,' to h e nr t he wltn csses In
t wo dIffe re n t t r ial s. It wa s h eld that t h e so c, lie d Ho xs ey m eth od or treat in g ca n ce r ..... M
In orne rc.spe cts su pe r io r to th a t o r X- ray.
r a d ium. a n d s u rger y a nd did h a ve t b erap e u t lc ·nlu o. T h e Cir cuit Cou r t o f Ap pe als of
t h e Fltth CIrc ui t d ecId ed othe rwl so. Th is
d ecis io n was hande d down during tho trl I of
a libel s u it In t h e Dis trict Court o r Dall as ,
T ex., b)' Hoxsey agaInst Morr is F1Bhbelll, ""h o
II.d ml ttod t h a t he had ne,'er p racticed med ic in e one dar In h lB lire lind h a d n ever had
p rl'ate pa tien t , v, b lch re s ul te d In a verd ict
ror Hoxs ey an d a gainst Morr is Fishbein , Tho
derense ndm lt te d t h at Boxae,' co uld cure eXternnl enncer hu t co n tcn ded t h llt his m ed icines ror In :., rna l cancer ha d n o t h e ra peu t Ic
,·a lu e. Th e jur )-. a rt e r 11 ten ln to le nd In
s
p a t h ol og is ts , ra d Iol ogis ts , p hysi cia n s, s u r geo ns, a n d sco res or wI ne sses . a great number o r wh om hnd n eyer been treated b y an y
phys lcl II c r surgeon excep t t h e tn a t m en t
r ece h 'ed a t t b e 8 0l<se,' Ca n cer Cli n ic . concl u d ed th t Dr , F1sh ~ l n 110' s wr o n g: th at hi
pUblished statemen ts we r e ral se , and thn t
the n oxaey methOd o r Irent ln g ca n cer di d
have the ra pe u ti c " a lue,
APPENDIX
A5351
In t h Is li ti ga t Io n the o c ver n m ee t of t n e the h sp ltBls In I n d ia , Ch i n a nn d J apa.n .
Un it ed St a te s , IS we llns Dr . 1"Lsbbe ln , b rough t H e Is a rell ow of t h e Am er ica n Assoctauo rr
to the co u r t the lend ing m ed icat scton t ts ts , t or til. Ad vnn eem en t or SCience. H e h olds
In c ludi ng pa t h ologis ts nd o th ers s k ill ed I n Do natlonn l board certi fica te a n d s ince 194 5
the treatmen t or cancer. The y ca me from h o bas been medic I direc to r or t he G tha m
a ll pnr or t h e cou ntry, It Is s lgn lfic nn t 10 JI pu a ), Now Yor k.
n o te t h nt n gr ea t n u m h er of t h es e d oc t ors
" Re po r t of Dr. Mil ey of a s u r v ey m a d e b y
admi tted tha t X- TIl)' therapy co ul d caus a Dr. S tn n ley Relm lln n (I n charge or t umor re c a n cer. Th is view Is s upporte d by m edI ca l s earch a n d pnlbology , G ot h a m H os p ital) b epu blica ti ons, In clUdi n g tho m ng nzlne en- roro Sena tor P ep per 's committee on S en a t e
Utled " Cnn eer ," published by t h a Am or lcan b Ui 1875, a bill to nuthorlze e x pen dit u re o r
Cancer Soc iety, May tss ue or 1948.
$100 mUl la n In ca ncer r es earch .
I a m h ere wi t h tnc tudtng t h e n a m es a n d
"D r. Re lmnn n 's repo rt o n cancer c as ca In
ad d r ess es or so m e or the witne sses wn o testt- P ennsylva nt a ove r a lo ng p eriOd or tl m o
n ed In th e S tnte a nd Federal cou r t . It h as s howed t h a t t h os e wh o r ece i ved n o t r elltb een d et er m in ed b y p llthol ogy , In ( gren t m ent liv ed a lon ger p eriod t h n u t h os e t h n t
mBn y Ins t a nc es b y la bora tories Wh oll y d is - r eceived surgery , ra di u m . or X -r a y, The ex co n n ec ted rro m t b o Hoxsey Cancer Cli n ic, cep t ion s we r e thOllo pa ti en ts w h o h d r e t ba t t b ey ", ere su ffer ing fro m d lffc ren t ty pes c etved e lectros u rgery.
T h o esu r vev atso
or ca n cer , bo t h m tern al nn d e xre r n a t, a n d " h aw ed t h nt foll owIn g the Us o r radIUm an d
foll OWin g t re a t m en t they tcs ll fl.ed tbe y_were X -ra y much mo re b nrm t h nn go od wns do n o
cured .
to t h c av erage cancer p a ti e n t .
"Dr. Wl lll nm SeamBn Bnlnbrldge. A. M .,
Nam e, add r ess, and !lI P.
J. A. J oh nson. Ra n g Jr. Tcx., sq u a m o us cell S c. D.. M. D.. C. M., 1". I . O. S . (h o norary) .
W lU tbe r ec ip Ien t or s ix h on orar y d egr ee'
No. 2.
Mrs. R. J . R lck m nn , 122G Enst Alle n St r eet , rr om var tou s In s ti tu t ions, t h e m ost r ecen t
b e in g t h e d egr ee or d oc tor honor I s caus e rr c m
Fo r t Wor th , rnc tnn oca r ctn em n.
Ro ber t Tha n e. Avoc a , Tex., m yxol t pos nr - t h e Univer sity or San Mar cos, P eru. He h lU,l
b oen su rgeo n at t h e Ne w Yor k Sk in a n d Cnn com a.
{I'll. H. H. J oh n son. Den ton , T ex ., ad ena- c r Hosp it a l, eurgrcnt dI recto r of New Yor k
Cit y Children's Ho pl tal, a nd or ~I nn h .. t t nn
car etn oma.
Mr s. Elmer Smit h , Well in gto n , Tex.. rnn n g- State Ho. p lt nl, War d 's lsi n d , a.ad ccneut t .-.
In g surgeon nn d In' necologl. t to v erio us h os n nn t m elan rna.
Mild r ed I"ager , 2101 sr ovan S tre et . Da ll as, p i tals In the Ne w Yor k m etro poli t a n and
.
s u bu rba n are lUI .
T ex.. m ela no m a.
" Vhlle th ere ar e som e wh o s U Il b eli eve In
A. Q . Burgess , 2oll6 W ym an n Stree t . Da ll as ,
t h e emency or r ad iat ion as a cu r ,my skepti -n, x .. blUlal cell cnr cl noma.
Ira Pos to n , 6322 Vict or Str eet , Da tlaa , Tcx.. c is m with re gard to Its va lu e 111 betng In cr eas in gly sUbstnnUate d. Bu t e ven w it h th o
bas a l ce ll carctnomn.
s t tecn m e or tod ny, Its curat I ve elrect In
W. E. Harmon , Grapevin e, T ex " pri ck le ce ll
r e nl cancer Is q uestlonnble . In 1939 t h o
car c in om a .
Ml'1l. J . A. Rob b, Weat b erford . Tex., blUm grea t Br itish p hy si ologis t. S ir Leo n a r d Bill ,
l
WI' Ie : ' La r go d Os ~ (of g mmn a nd b ard
cell carcin oma .
Mrs . Les sl e Hes l e r , LUb bOck , Tex.• a d eno- X - m ys ) pr Odu ce d C05t ru c t lon oC n ol'lll I tI .. s u es ouc h as m arrow and lymp h oid ti ssue,
car cIn om a of u t er u s .
l eu co cyt ... nn d ep lt ho llal li n in gs , and d ent h
D.~~~I~kl~· c~;r=~::~i~~ersVllle, T er, R . F. en su es. • , • The nation " 'ould , I t hink, bo
Mrs . Lor n Barn et t , Penl el, TOX .. adeDocar- IIttlc th e worse a ll Ir all the r ad IUm In t h e
c o un t ry n ow hurled ror s ec u r it y t r a m bOmbcln om n o( utenls.
T . E. Truma n , Wa co, Te x., epId er m oi d cnr- In g In de ep b oles, r em a In s t h er e i n :
" A n eo plasm should n Oer be In cis ed ror
'
cln om a .
Fritz Troja n. Wa co, Te x., sq uamou s cell d i agn osti c p urpo s es, ror one Cl,n n ot tell at
WAnt sp lit momen t t h e ca u ce r c e Us m a y be
t yp e .
Mr. C. W. Ma lon e, Brown wood , T ex., bas I d issem inat ed a n d th e p atient d o om.: d. As p lratlng the neoplnsm to drnw o u t h e cella
ce ll t ype.
Va l Seurer. Hi n to n , Okl n.. ma llg n an l car - b )' l uc tlon . This, 100 . Is a ver,' q uestlonabl o
p rocedu re , for wh at or t b e cnn cor ce lls til t
c inoma.
Jo Parelll, spor to to r lu m , Da ll , T ex., m n- m ny be present be low t b e pu nct ure poIn t;
a n d arou n d t he ne edle whI ch ha " e h e en se t
IIgn ant carclnomn.
Mrs . R . M. HoUm nn, C e J . B. Bair d Co ., fr ee ? I t m ust be r eallud th nt w h ile ca ncer
ar
e lln n ot b e tran spl a n ted from man to m n, It
Sh r evep ort. La .. s pi n dle cell carclnomn.
Tom COnt es , Mer kel , Tex. , h ns al cell car - CllD b e t r a n splanted III t he s lim e host : '
ci nom a .
"Th er e I. a r ep or t fr om !lDoth er so u rco
J . L. ~nrro, Mer k el, Tex ., m a UgDl.lllt enr - In wh ich Dr. F'oln b llt t , ror 6 yenr s p at h ologis t
c ln oma .
o r Ih e Mem o r ia l Hos p it a l. New Yo rk , re po r ted
Mrs. J. D. DoUgl ,Fort Wor t h, T ex ., d u ct t h a t the Mem ori a l BOllplt al had o riginally
ce ll ca rc inoma .
clven X -r n)' and r adium t r ea tm ent b eror e
Mrs. R . S . 'Turner, squa mou s cell c.lTcl- a n d nlter rndlca l ope rations for b reast m nc om a , gra de 3 .
ll gn nn cy, Thes e patients did n o t lon g s ur MI'll. C. E. :.1a ll ory , Equ nm ous cell cnr- vive. so X-m y nnd r ad ium were Ive n nfte r
cln om :l.
s u r gery o n ly. Thes e p tlen ts lived a b rle t
Mrs . Ber m a n Thom as, 5222 Mer rlm e
time only, and nr te r omittin g ,, 11 r ndl ntl on
S treet . D li as, T ex .. m el nnocarcln om a .
patlenta li ved t b e lon gest of a ll .
Clltton B. sm ith . 5637 H ira m Stre et . Fo r t HOOCI'O I/AK N EO TO DE W AIt Y IN USE 0 x · r.. . T S
Wor th , T ex .. m a ll nlln t · clrcl nom .
IN DISEASE nt.E.. T),l J:NT
Re y. Hor nee W. Irw in , Wcst Warw Ick , R . I. ,
" (Dy Howar d W. Blakes lee, A!s oc lnted P r e""
m a li gn a n t ca r cIn om a .
.
s cIen ce edl o r )
I h n'e h ad nccess to literat ure by leading
" Nl:w YOIIK , J uly 6. 1948 .- X-rn,·s nnd g m scientIsts In t h e field of me dicIne. The a t t en ti on or t h e commltt.ee Is InvI ted to t h e m R r a)'s cnn cause bone cancer Is wl rnln g
h ear in gs h eld du ring t h e 79th Congress, In Issu ed In Cnncer, n ne w med ical j ournnl
J u l)' 1946; Se n a te hlll 1875 being u n d er co n - s t nrlC d by t h e Am er Ica n Ca n c er Soclet",
Th e bon e cnncer war n in g, covering m or e th an
s ld er ntl on , wh erein It appe llrs, as ro ll ows :
"Dr. George Mil e y WAI born In Ch Icago . 20 pnge s , Is b y Drs . Wil li am G . G Rh n , H el en
1907, gradun ted tram C b lc ago La t i n Schoo l, Q . Wood wnrd . Nor m a n L. Itl ggln b o t h nm , Fred
I y, all oC New
1923. gra d u at ed wit h b neh elo r o r arts rrom W , St ewa rd , nn d Bra d ley I .
Y nl" Un l'ers lt ,· In 1927, rrom Nor t h wes ter n Yo rk CIty.
" On o or th e m os t d a n ger ou s t h In gs about
Med len l SChoo"I, 193:l . In tern ed. n t Chi ca go
Mem or lnl Hos p ital In 193:l and 1933, Uni - Ih ls k in d o! bono cancer, t h e r e port s tes,
Is the very lon g d ela )' betwee n t h e u sc oC
vers ity or Vien n a P ost grad u a t e Medical
SChoo l, 1933. 1934, t o llowln g wh lcb be vl.6 ed t h o r ays and the ap pear a n ce o( t h e CRncer ,
lt
3. A5352
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -
Tb e de ltly time In t h e 11 case ra n ged rro m
6 to 22 y ears. .
"Dr, Hermnn J osep h Mu lle r . Nob el Prize
wm ne r, " world -r en owne d sctcn t ts t , n na
stated the medical prof essi on Is I' er m nn en tl y
d a m agtn g the Am er rca n IH e s t re nm throug h
t h e unwise u se of X -r nys, Tb ere Is a dosage
o f X -ra y so low ns to be w lt b o u t rtsk at
p rod ucin g n arm t u t mu t tl ons ."
The a tton t lon of t b e comm t teo Is In v it e d to t h e request m a de by Senator Elm er
T h om :u; foll owIn g an In'es tlg uo n m od e b y
t h e Senntor of t h e H oxs ey Ca n c er Cli n ic
u n d er d to of Feb ru ary 25, 19,,7, nn d a d d r esse d to t h e Surg eo n G en eral ,
bll c
H e a lt h Depar t m en t , w astu ngto n , D , C"
wh ere in he so ugb t to en lis t t h e s upport or
t h e Fed era l Oo ve rn m cn t. to m ke nn tn ves t lga t lon and r eport . No such Invcs t tgat ton
was m ade , In f ct, every error t wns m ade
a 'old a n d ev do the In'estlgntlo n b> tho
'
S ur geon Geneml 's office. T h e r eco rd wlU
r eveal tb t t h ts clinic dId ru rnrsh 62 com p le te c nse histor Ies , Inc ludIng p a t h ology,
n nrn es of h ospitals , ph yslctana, etc .. In 1(145.
Agnln , In J u n e 1950, 77 case histor ies, whIch
In clu d ed t he n am es of t he patients, pa t h ol o g l c.~ l reports In man y rn s tan ces, and In
t h e absence the reof, the n am es of t h e pu tno lgists, hospttals, and ph ysicIans wh o h ad
tre a te d these patients be(o,e beln t rea t ed
a t t h e 1I0x.ey Ca ll cer ClJn lc. The Cou n cll
of Na ti ona l C n Ccr I nst ItU te, wi t h ou t In,'es tl ga tlon, J.n Oc to ber 19:;0, r cl uscd t o order nn
In ·C5t lga tl on . The record In t h F ed eral
c our t d isc los es tba t thIs agency of t he Fedc, I G overnmc n t
k sldcs " n d. sough t In
a
c n ' T)' wni' to h lndcr, suppress, a n d ftstrlct
t h ts In s tituti on In t h e ir t r ea t m ent a t cancer ,
(See testlmon )' ot Dr . O llcln Mend ors, p p .
1125-1139, transcript ot record , C, se No,
13645, U. S, C, A.)
Am on
t h e n umcr o us fo u o d ntl on s , n d
cli n ic. wh leb rot ess to possess II r em cd)' for
the re ntment of ca n cer Is t he LInCOln Fou n d ati on of Medford, Mnss .. wh Ich hn. b een
t h e partlcu lar target ot t he .~:'l : . I ha 'e n ot
hnd IU1 o pportunIty to sufficiently exp lo r e
the p . rtlcu.l nr t)'pe ot thera py emp lo )'ed b y
t h l.! In ti t utlo n. Uowever , I unde rsta nd It
Invo l'C!I un ique th eo ry of In h nlen t t h er a py
n d t h e t r ansmIss ion or bnctc r la -ph a ge, In
p as s In g It Is Im porta n t to note th t t h b
t e chn iq u e was t b e subject of
p r t lcullU'
l n te re" t to t h e la t e ch a lrm ~ n wh o wns a
trustee of the LIn coln Fo u n d a ti on followln
a successf u l t re a t m en t of h Is so n , harl cs
'
,V. T obey, Jr. Th is remed > h ns b eon tried
b )' h und,eds of I' Uents nnd It I. a lleged tha t
th ese trentments h n' e been pro'en beneficIal .
An o t h er In s titu ti on wh Ich claims to ha'e
m ad e .ome p rogress In t h e t reat ment of can cer Is th e Dros Dos-L lI"en b e' Cance r Cli n ic , of
l ' lt ts b u rgh , P o.. The rep orts wo u ld In d ica te
th nt t h Is In s ti t u ti on Is IIk ew)s e en ti tl ed to
a hearing oefore this cummlttee. Tol e !::e:'.":r
t oll of life being taken by cancer r eq Uir es n
searching In ves tigation . The method s em p loyed , us I unde rstand It , Is a s ubs tanc e
k n own IlS Mucorh lcln , wh ich I.! r eported to b e
of thuapeu tlc " lue.
Under the fou r t h lUlSlgn m ent con cer n ln
volu ntaT)' cooperatl 'e prepaid med lenl pl ans
nn d a n y r es is ta nc e c n cou n te re d (r om org a n Iz a ti on s , IS
soclllt lons , or combi n es , I Is a
matte r of pu bli c record In th e F edernl a l d
S t ate court t h nt medical assoclatlons hn ve
p u t u p " ro ad block wh enc 'er or wh ere 'c r
t h Is Is attempted.
The Comm Ittee on abo r an d P u b li c Wei f nr e, t h ~ou gh Its Subcommittee all 1Icr.. th .
l
.ubmltted th e reSUlts at n study of h ea lt h
Ins u r a n ce plans In the UnIte d S t a tes, In n
r ep ort Issued In May 1951, 62d Con gr ess .
Th is was nccompJlshed unde r t he d ir ec ti on
o( Dr . Dea n H , Cla rk. oow the dI r e tor o r th e.
IIIa ss ach u se t ts G en er a l Hospital. TIlts ap pcars to be tho firs t objcctl ' 0. and Itn pnr tl a l
stud)' or the scope, benefits, nnd ellectl'e !Jess of volu n t rj' h eal t h Insu ra n ce pl ans.
It shows tha t one-half of the popula tio n at
t h a t tim e had : ome f orm o r p r otectloll
APPENDIX
a , Ins t tho cost or h osp it al care, b ut only
3 mJlllon h a d "..I t can be c Hcd co m p r on cns tve pr ot ecti on nga tnst, the cos t of h asp lt nl and rn cd t cnt care. S pe cIfi cally w it h
r efer en ce to can cer. Jt wou ld appenr th nt n n
o p p ort u n ity wo u ld b e aff ord ed memb e rs at
t h is sor t at n h eal th pr og ra m to pe riod ic
c h eck up s t o de te rmine wh ether the)' h ad
ca n cer . TIl ls s u bject was d iscussed a t l en gth
b e tw ee n K e n n et h MeIk lej oh n , s talf d ir e ct o r
o r t h e SUbcommittee on He nlth , nn d Sen a tor
T ob e)', 2 ye a rs ago. Correspon dcnce be tween
the two 18 a va tla b le . The repor ,of course,
a r e nvatlnble to t h e m embers of t h is com m ittee .
From a stri ctl y Ie al as we ll M et h len l np pre ach, If one In d ivid u a l h ns t h e r ight to
s elec t hI s o wn phystcta n or n ospltn l, wby
c annot 10,000 In d h' ld u a ls an d thclr rum m es
d etermIn e th t t h ey In te nd t inves t. di rec tly,
or In d lr ec tl )', In t h e construc tion and m ntu tenan cc of a h ospital, '1011'1 0)' a s t 1I of co m p etent pb yst ciana, surgeons, rech u tcra ns,
labor atory expe r ts, nurses , Inte r ns , e t ecto r. ,
to look aI te r t b elr h e a l t h pr o blems ? TIl l"
Is not so - call ed eoc tnnzed m edtcinc. It ts
pur ely ,o lu n t nr > Her e, as else wh ere stilted
',
In h ls re po rt, the Ju ri sdiction of the corn murcc rna > b llrn ltl'd , a may properl y
'
belon g to h e S tcs and th eIr l egi sla t o rs
and co u rts to de termIne thl. probl em. 'How ev cr, t h e ge n eral welflU'e clause of the Co n s ti t u tio n m a)' bo t he a nswer , U the com mlt te ee s hmlld de termine t ha t It h
Ju r 19di ction, I n m o f t h e opIn ion th nt competen t
IOGal e 'ldence cnn be p r es en t ed which "'111
a id a nd llSSlst t h o c om ml t t ee In It s fin a l
JUd gm en t.
Wit h re fe renoo to t he fift h nss lgn mcn t , ,' ou
a re IId'lsed that time d Id n ot permi t m e to
ascertaI n t he n um ber of studen
or th e
In cre,,"e t h er eof In t h e " nr lous m ed ic a l
scbools th r ou h ou t the co u n try. It h ns be ell
suggeste d thM a st Ud ie d elIor! h as b ee n
m nd e by cer tll ln gr o u ps to k ecp the n ll m b er
o f s t u de nts en r oll ing In m ed lcnl sc h ools a t
a low tl ure. r do n o t asser t t h Is to be t he
f act nn d I d ou bt If th e committ e e · wo u ld
ha'e Ju r isd Icti on to go Io t a t h at question,
Th is wou ld properl> belo11g to the S t tos ,
'
It t h Is Is a f act , t h en Ule various S ts te le g l _
Intur es o( the cou n try s houl d , of co u rse, t s ke
ne cess a ry step., cons is tent Wltll t he pu b li c
welf nr e , to see t h at ev er)' opportun lt )' Is
giv en to Im y bo y or gIr l who po""eSses the
necessnr)' quali fica ti ons to be permItted to
"en t er medical ac hoo l. , If, o n the oth er
h a n d , l h ls
m m l t tee b all e' es Ih a t It h as
Ju ri sdi ction unde r the ge n eral welfare clause
of t h e Consti tution to go ( or w rd , then cernly It would b e n p ro per n d t im ely mn tter
of In quIry. I n an y e' ent, yo u do b a 'o Jur ladJct lon and shou ld completo t he In ' os tl gnt lo n In sofar IS cancer Is concer n e d by thos e
en gnged In the r es cnrch field .
• ca re fu l 5 lid ;; of the subject m at te r e m b r aced In tbe d ir ec ti on of t h e lat ch Irma n
w lJl d lael
t h e tr em en d ou s .Im por tan ce of
l h e Inv es tlg nt lon u n d er t a k en nnd t h e c on s idera tio n o( t h e r es ll its by t h e m em ber s Of
tb lll commIttee .
We h ', lon g sI nce passed the age o f w it ch
h u n ti n g, We ar e, notwIthstanding, 1l" ln g In
a n er a or hyster ln. In ves Uga t lon s eems t o be
t h e ord er of the d a y. Crude t h luklng r esults
In b )'s ter lcal action , Perh a ps the co n verse
Is true, Tho beginn in g of hyst eria Is t h o
e n d of sou nd thinkIng. P r oceeding , the re (or e, to the en d res ul t sought b >' II, We r ec ogn ize t ho ,' aill e of our goal In str iving f or
so u n d , " Igorou a, and bellI t hr ill Na tl on a t
Jlllnlmum cost... Mon ey, b owe'er, la,l sh l y
spe nt to stnmp o u t n dreadf ul scou rg e I
s ou nd p u bli c econom v.
I ha'e np proacbed' Ulls proble m wit h n n
op en m ind. Recog nIZin g th e Im po r t a n e e of
m en s killed In t h e sc ien ce o( m ed lclne , who
nre be st Intorm ed , U n ot qu allfied , on t he
q u estl on of cnncer, Its cn uses and t rea t men ,
I dIr ect ed my a tte n ti o n t o the pr opa ga nl1n
b)' th e Amer ica n Med len l Assoclntlon a m l t h e
American Ca ncer SocI ety to til e elI ect,
n am ely , "til t rad iu m ; :': -r a y theraI'''
surge r j- are t he on ly r ccogn lzed t re ai'
fur cancer."
nOd
en
Is there an > di spute among r ecoe I
'
medlcat se ton usts In Am er Ica an d elseg~h7-e<l
In the world on t h e use of radIu m nnd ~ _:r ,
1
t hera py In t h e t re, t ment of cancer?
a n swer Is d cfinltely "Yes ," There I. ~
~
si a n of op ln o n o n t h e us e Of ra d IUm <1lvl_
X - rny, Bo t h ag e nc les are des truc 1 '0 /In ti
ccnatru c t.t vo, In the all eged d es tr u ctl';' nn~;
t b e abnor mnl, ou t taw, or cancer cells b h
:l'~ -rny t h erapy and ra di u m destroy nr>r~t
ti ssue an d normal c n s, Recognized medl nI
n u thorl t le s In Amerl c and elseWhere ~"I
posi ti vel y thn t X - ra y therapy can cnuse ~ te
ce r In and of Its elf , Doc u m e n ted cases an ,
a v l1able,
arc
The I ncrer s ed n umbor of cnncer pa t len
In Am er rca or nil nges and the nppnren t f II_
ure t o p resen t ty cope wI t h t his drea d d lse
In d ica tes t h neccssr ty of a s us tal n od c lIort
of p r tvn tc an d Fed eral a gen cie s to con tlnue
r esearch III t h e Ileld of c. ncer , Its c nus
nn d t ren m en e,
es
It r ad Iu m , X -rar, o r surgery or elt er Of
them Is t he complete ans wer, t hen the g reat_
es t boa x of ttl e age Is be Ing perpetra ted UPOIl
t h e people by t he con t inued appeal for .fu n ds
tor fur h
r es earch , If n e ither X -I . j '
rad iu m , o r surgery Is Ih e complete anawe;
to lhJs drend ed d Isease, nnd I submit th t
It Is not , then wbat Is the p laI n d u t y of
soci e ty ? ShOUld we s ta nd st lll? ShO U l d we
s It Idl > br a nd count t h e n u m ber of p h)' 1'
clnns, surgeons, nn d ea n cerologts t s ""h o are
!Jot on ly dl 'lde d but wh o, because o r fe:uo r f a ,or, nre.. forced to li ne u p wl t b . the so c nll ed nceepted vIe w of U IS Am eri ca n H e dlca l
Asso cln tl o n . or sh OUld this commIttee m nk e
a l u ll -s c Ie Im'estlg, tl on of t h e orgnntzed
ell or t t o hi n d er, s u ppr ess, nn d r est r Ic t t ho
'
f r ee flow of d r u gs whi Ch. a llegcd l> h a 'e p roven
s uccess fUl In cllSe. wb ero . cli ni ca l r e co rds,
C llS O hi s tory, p:.tholog lca.1 r epor ,and X -r ny
p h o to gra p h Ic proof, together with t he n.Jleged
c u r ed patI en ts, a re 'nll a ble?
Accord In gly , we ohould dete no loe wh et h er
exia tl n g agencIes, bo t h public and pl'J" a te,
nro en gaged nn d h a ' 0 purs ued n p Oli cy of
h a r ass m e n t, r Id iCUle, .lander , and II bel6us
Mt a cks on ot h ers s lncer el;' en ga gcd In B mpIng ou t t h is curse of 01 nk h ld , H s 'c medI ca l associ tl o n.s, tl ir ough thel t officcrs, a geo ts ,
s er vants and em pl o;'ees engaged In t h Is prnel ice ? 1>Ir In 'es t lga tlon to d nt e s hou ld con" In ce t h is committee t h nt a consp iracy doc s
eXist to stop t he frec fiow nd u s c of drugs
. In II te r s ta te commerce which alleged Iy h ..
li d t he r a p eutic 'a lu e. Publi c a nd prl' te
funds have be e n thrown aro u nd li ke can f ettl at a country f8l r to clos e u p and d es troy
ell nl Cll, h osplt.'ll•. nnd sci enti fic r cs enr c h lab ora to r Ies which d o not confo rnl t o Ih e ' Iew"
poIn t o f m edIca l assoclnllon s .
H ow long w ill the American peop l e ak e
this? To JIIu::trnte the s '.raoc1t'h"'ld Cf the
AmerIcan lIled lcnl AssocI t lo n on legl s la tl on
which In turn nlI ecta e 'er y h o u seh o ld III
Am er ica , le t US loo k at "mall 25-cen t tube
of penicill In ointment. I s It dangerous to
ha'e around t h o h'ouse f r n cut or small
b ru ise o n ;'o u r body ? R t pols on can be
bo u gh t wi t h o u t
docto r's presc ri pt Io n .
Ars en ic ca ll be bo ugh t wit h o u t a d o c to r 's
prescrIp ti on . TIl e sa le o r arsen Ic nnd r at
poIsons Is smllll b ut n ot penicil li n . A cco rd In l(l)', w e must have a doctor 's prescription
In Am erlCfl t o b u > a 25-ccn t t ube f oint '
m ent. I n Ca n a d a , h owe,'c r, t h e medical
assoclntlon h ns not ,'et dlsco 'ered t ho gren t
d a n ger of a Bmn ll t u be or pen ic il li n ol ntmcnt
and, nccordlngl > t h e peoplo are ablc to bur
',
It with o u t p, >1ng, doctor for a p res c l·l p t lo n .
To 63;' t h t It 1 dangero us , Is sill )'. T o
assert , r nthcr , thnt It Is b u t another m nn l fes t atlon of p ow e r a n d prl'lIer,e o f n t ew nt
the expense of t he 01 n > WOUld be more con '
sisten t with tru h a n d ,,' h oll}' accurate.
Wh at Is the d ut' of t h is com m i t t e nnd
t h e members th ereof? You r nrst d u t y , o!
course , Is t o d o rig h t , Prop er ly cons Idered ,
t h at Is yo u r only du t y. In d 010R r igh t , hOW-
4. A5353
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX
e ve r. you owe a duty to t he Am er Ica n peo pl e. ro ad reti re ment bene fits. I was proud
I n upholding t he I w a n d en nc t tn g legls to be a member of th e special subcom'Iatlon for t he peopl e at Amerlcn, we loo k mittee of the Senate Lab or a nd Publi c
fil1lt to t h o Imtr u m en t at our c rea t Ion lUI
n re pr esen t m tve form at government. Tho~ Wclt a re Comm ittee which was responsip owers not specIfically
nterred upon tho ble for the form ula tion of those ben efits
F'ed er nl o over n eoc n e nn d denIed to the States In the Sen ate , We Increased .annultles
are r
r ved e ither to t h e States or to the an d benefits by 15 percen t. We provided
people. Thus. the fou n dI n g t a t h ers very a wlfe's benefit til be equal to one- ha lf
"'Isely c reated an area of freed om In wntc n . th e a nnuita nt 's benefit. up to a maxtt reemen shall run cu on . I t Is III t h Is area mum of $4 0 a. mon t h . We Increased surset as tde b)' the ta t h ers at u r Re puhll c that vivor 's benefits b}' 33 perc ent a nd made
p eo ple have the r Ight to ow n pro per t y . tr ns act bustness , build u p a syst em at t ree en ter - other essen tia l Improv ements with out
Increasing ta x rates. W also pr ovided
p r is e wi t h out h in d r an ce. b ar assm en t . o r
abu,., at ei t h er t h e Gover n m en t . St:lte or for th e crea tion of n J oint Comm ittee
F'ed cr31. or of o ther clttzeris, however po w - on Ra ilroad Reti rement til study wa ys
erful, 00 long as t h e people so engaged d o and mea ns of In cr eas ing ra ilroad reti re. not trespass u po n the rights of others. Th is ment benefits fu r ther . Tha t joi nt com 15 the baste con ce pt of liberty functlonlng
ml ttee has re ported Its recomm en da In Am er len . It m ay be sa td to b . a rese r tio ns.
vo ir at f r eed om . I n t his are .., h a ve m ln It Is necessa ry that the Cong ress act
~ I ed our m on ey and blood wIt h tbe races o f
m nkln d . We na ve d emon s trated ou r nb ll - Quickly til Imp rove the ra ilroad ret ir elt y to li ve t og e he r p ea cet u ll y and h a pp ll ly. ment system. T hc ra ilroad workers of
It ho u gh we repr ese n t m os t at t he races,
the Un ited states ha ve contr ibu ted to
mos t at t h e color s , a n d most or the creeds . th e developm en t of a retl rement sys tem
ThlJJ was a n In n o vntl o n a nd a new expert - whic h Is today not a deq ua te ly m ee t in g
men t to the p eop les of the Old Wor ld . Ou t
at lid t ram t h Is area bas sprung t h e nobles t th eir needs In view of th e increased cost
of Jlvin g . New rail road r eti rement benedrea ms and sain tliest purposes of m a nlctDdp u r poses so strong and vital that It has bc - fi ts ca n be achieved 1! the Congr ess will
co me t h e envy a n d admtrn t ror, o f a wa It in g enact the n ecessary legisla t ion n ext
w or ld. Peop le loo k longingly to the shores year.
or America a nd desire
make th is t h e Ir
With in the las t few weeks the dis ti n asylum of esc a pe nnd h op e tor t h o fu t u r e .
I t Is more tha n a dren m . It Is a reality. guishe d cha irma n of the Comm it tee on
W hil e ....e nnve n o t sot ved III I t h e problems Railro ad Reti rement . Senator PAUL H .
DOUG
LAS. of Ill in ois, has presented to th e
or mankind. we n av e at leM t p rovtdcd a sanct u ar y and t h e Inst r u m en ts a t government , c ons ress the resu lt of tha t join t com It properly guarded Ilgnlnst t h e abuse of
mittee study. T his was t he m ost
se HLoh men and organlZlltlons who would t horough study ever made of the ra ilbe nd It to suit t h eIr pu rposes, whIc h could road retir emen t system and was made
II'e or ce n t u ries to come. t n thIs eonneeli on tbls committee shaul l! tn ves n g ne th e under the persona l direction of s ena tor
8d','ert lsln g ag e ncy wh lcb controls IlII ndver - DOUG LAS. who Is a grea t friend of the
II sln g In t h e J ou r n I at the Am er ica n Med l - ra ilroad workers. The s tudy demon cn l
ocran cn . as well ns the va r Iou s StM a stra tes t ha t substa n tlnlly better benefits
Jo ur na ls . Wh y Is the stamp at ap prov a l. are possible b}' m ea ns of m ore prol1ta ble
by t h e ao -called n u trit ion experts lin d t he Ir Investm ents of th e r ailroad retirement
co u n cil o n t ds, pillced on certain food s t uff s. r eserv e. and by oth er method . with ou t
de n Ied t
others, and others condemned
Inc reasin g th e tnx ra te . T his Is good
w it h ou t a reas on able Investigation? Is ther e
ny relatlolUlblp b et ween approvat b y t h es e news. T her e should. th erefore. be no
reason for (lOY dela y next yea r.
ex perts a n d t h e operation of the advertising
agen cy In the omces of tbe Am erica n Med ical
11011', P residen t , In ord er til Inform a ll
Ass ocIa ti on ?
railroa d workers and ra ilroa d retiremen t
Ma y I. wl th p r op r iety , ca ll your nt tcntton
beneficiaries of the Improv emen ts und er
to UI C t r aged y whi ch has Invad ed the United considera tion, I as k un ani mous consent
Stat es enate . Four grent Am er ican s . sll at
til Inser t In the Append ix of the RECORD
t h em--5en a to r McM a h o n , Senator Wh err y ,
Se na t or Vnnde n berg, nnd Sena tor Bob T n1t.-- a list of suc h possibiliti es. Congress m ay
not be able to' make nil of the chan ges
w er e ni l stric ke n d own wIt h t hi s dreaded
dlsc lUlc . We ar c u n d er a compelll n g m ora l Included in the list. Never theless , after
ob liga ti o n eo the m e m ory at t h es e gre n t consult a tion with the Rail road Reti r epublic 80r van ts a n d t o t h e u n told mUllon.
ment Board , st a nda r d ra ilroad unions
ot ca n ce r sullerers th ro u gh o u t th e w orl d to a nd oth 'er Interest ed pa r ties . I feel cercarr )' on t h is In ·estlgatlon . We cannot do ta in tha t a sound . effective. a nd im ot h erwise.
proved pr ogram can be worked out ,
Res p ectfu ll y su bmltl<l d .
BEN EDI ct' F . FJTzO J:llALD.
Spec ia l 'Cou n: cf.
The re bein g no ob jection. the list rc f err ed to was ordered printed III th e
REC D as t ollows:
OR
bU'IlO VJ:. .r l:t.'TS or TI U
A ct' U ND E:Il CO N S ID
We Need Improved Railroad Retirement
Deoelits
EXTENSION OF RE!1ARKS
or
HON. HUBERT H. HUM
PHREY.
OT
aN N ~ OT'A
no; T H E SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
M ond aY. A ugust 3. 1953
HUlIP HREY, Mr. Prcslden t , In
1951 the Congress passed a n umber of
a.mendments to the Rail roa d Retiremen t
Act wh ich SU
bsta n tia lly Increased r all·
M~ .
R,AILJlOAIl R J:TI Il EM ENT
nON IIY CO NGRESS
I. An IIcr oss - the-bo ar d In cr eas e In a ll
benefits.
2 . A m In im um m on th ly ann u Ity o r t IOO.
3 . rrllmlnaUon at t h e du I benefi ts r es t r ic tion. At tbe pres ent time m l r ood r e tl r e ·
ment I' yments nrc usuall y r duccd wh en
t h e annuitant Is also receivIng sacllll securlt)'
benefit&. P r op06,. ls have been m de t o ellm.
In a te t~1s reduction,
4 . CalCUla ti on at benefits o n a m or e l a 'or ab le basis. Benefits nre presen t1y figur d on
the b :t.l<ls at ov erall av er age wa ges. Sugges ti o ns h ave been m a d e for figur in g payments ,
Ins tead . from t h e em p loye e's av ern ge earn In lll d uring h is 5 h igh est )'enrs,
6. Lo wer age r e q u tre m en t for re ti rem en t
on (u ll a n n u l t)'. R et ir em e nt be10ra age 65
on l) red u c-u annu l y Is already passlbl .
However , some nave s uggested provtston tal'
reti r em en t on fu ll annutrtes a t g o 60 fte r
20 years at se rvic e.
6. Lo we r age requIrement at wHo t or wife's
be n efit t ram age 65 to age 60.
7. Lower llge requIrement tor wldow 's bene fits from age 65 to age 60 (complete ellmlns uon at age r eq u ir ement has also been urged
for Widows),
8 . I n cr eas e II su r vi vor ben efits substan tially,
Resolulion of Daingerfield (Tex.)
Chamber of Commerce
EXTENS ION OF REMARKS
or
HON, PAUL J. KILDAY
O F T J:X J,...
Cj,
rN THE H OUSE OF IiEPRES ENTA Tl V ES
M ondav , A u gust 3. 1953
Mr . KI LDAY, Mr. Spea ker , u nder
Jea ve to ex end m;.· rema r ks , I ern Inelu d in g the following resolution , adopted by thc Ch am bcr of Commerce of
Da ingerfield. T ex., and addressed to
Sena tor LYND
ONJ OHNSON. of Te xas :
D AJ:NGE:IlrtEUl C HAM DElI
or COM " IERCJ:.
D al n ger fl cl d . Te: .• J u lV l B. 19SJ .
S eDa to r
LY ON J OHNSO:-r
ND
.
se n ate OfJlce Butldlnl1.
Wa.,lIrlgIO rl. D. C.
Mos t Hon or ab le SenatorI
rc.olt'c d. T h a t the
a lngerfiel d
Cbnmber of Commerce at Texas thank )' ou
for your etrorts ' that were put fort ll In
helping ou r f rien ds In t h e cattlo Industry
0 1 west Texas survive Ih e most s ever o
droug h t or this generauon.
" B e I t r cso!t'ed . Tha t t h ro u gh yo u It wlll
be possible f r the ci ties and t h e p eo p les o r
t be SOuthwest oncc agatn to prepare to build
an empire t h a t will not be outclnssed b y
an )', Th is will be accomplish ed b;.· the f ct
t h at your time Vo'as spent In behnlt at t h o
constttuents of tbls gunt Sta te.
" Fu r t h er we would like to stat e tha t th is
nrca has been fortunate through the grace or
Ood to h a ve recer ved an ample "'nt cr f a I
t h n wlll permi t us to be n par t or t h e helpers t or t h e need . .t ;"
Tbls r eso lu t ton being dUly adopte d an d tho
rnotton m a de by G eorg e (BUddy) Bass , sec onded by Jack Ponder, on th ls the 16t h da y
Of J u ly 1953 .
Sl n ccr ely,
W . M. WA
"lSO,",.
Ma tla !1 Ch a m ber 0/ Comm er ce.
er.
"Be
Why Our GI',
Fo u g~t
So Hard
E::X:TENSIO N OF REMARKS
OF
HON. HUBERT H. HUMPHREY
OF
~H N :N
OTA
IN TH E SENATE OF TIlE UNITED S T ATI:.'J
Monda v . 11ugust 3. ) 953
Mr . HUMPHREY. Mr . P reslde n '. I
una nImous cons en t that th e te xt of Po
broadcast by Mr . Eric Sevareld. the dis tinguished radio commen ta tor t the
Colum bia Broadcasting Syste m on July
27 be pr in ted In th e Appendix f ho
L
CONG
RESSION A RECORD. EvelJ' servicema n 's !a mlly should have an opportunity
to read t.hls brllllall t a nd poetic produc
of Mr. SeY reld's k 'en Dlind and com p, sa
slona te hea rt.