This document provides an agenda for a presentation on fiscal management in Canada by Paul Young CPA CGA. The agenda includes an overview of fiscal updates for fiscal years 2019/2020 and 2020/2021, a review of the fiscal management cycle for the federal government and provinces, an analysis of the pandemic response and resulting deficit, a discussion of government size and GDP growth across provinces, and an emphasis on the importance of audits. Key metrics on GDP, deficits, and economic indicators are also included for discussion. The presentation aims to analyze fiscal policy and management for various levels of government in Canada.
Fiscal Management| Cycle| Analysis and Commentary| Canadapaul young cpa, cga
Military procurement - https://www.pbo-dpb.gc.ca/en/blog/news/RP-2021-040-C--cost-canada-surface-combatants-2021-update-options-analysis--cout-navires-combat-canadiens-mise-jour-2021-analyse-options or https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/frigate-fleet-cost-1.5926000
Failures on many procurement and policies like clean water for first nations – new audit reports - https://www.oag-bvg.gc.ca/internet/English/mr_lp_e_1455.html
There is still no fiscal anchor - https://www.reuters.com/article/us-canada-economy-idUSKBN2AG2AV
Fiscal support / Economy
The IMF said that fiscal policy should stay in place to support vulnerable households and firms until recovery takes hold and even then, many low-income countries will need additional assistance through grants, concessional financing, longer suspensions of debt service and in some cases, debt restructurings.
It also called for fiscal policy to "enable a green, digital and inclusive transformation." This includes investments in health systems, job training and hiring subsidies, promoting greater tax fairness, and cutting wasteful spending.
https://www.thechronicleherald.ca/business/reuters/imf-says-fiscal-support-needed-until-recovery-takes-hold-546056/
Canada fiscal management - deficit and debt - february 2021paul young cpa, cga
1. digital and luxury levies - https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/canada-s-budget-to-include-digital-and-luxury-levies-but-no-wealth-tax-reuters-sources-1.5392475
2. Tax havens and Panama Papers - https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/cra-panama-papers-audits-5-years-1.5974690
3. Public registry - https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2021/04/21/ottawa-targets-tax-evaders-with-public-registry-of-corporate-owners.html
4. AG and vaccines - https://www.hilltimes.com/2021/04/13/federal-auditor-general-to-start-probe-into-vaccines-this-year/293209
5. Holding the govt accountable - https://www.pentictonherald.ca/opinion/article_b48b630e-9878-11eb-bbfe-8734610eab46.html
6. C10 - @s_guilbeault is the last person that should be speaking about restrictions of the internet. I am guessing that @gmbutts is still calling the shots as a way to protect @JustinTrudeau from being exposed as a fraud - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/governance-model-canada-federal-government-april-23-2021 or https://troymedia.com/politicslaw/crtc-overreaching-with-its-proposed-internet-regulations/#.YIxWAaEpBPY
7. We do not need a judge investigating. We need someone like Mercer or another HR organization investigating the issues. https://www.mercer.ca/en/what-we-do/workforce-and-careers/hr-transformation.html# Liberals’ record on making improvements after they have failed has been abysmal! https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/analysis-justin-trudeau-accountability-and-transparency
8. CMHC spent nearly a million dollars to delete the word “mortgage” from its name, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. Staff in internal emails enthused the marketing exercise “gave them chills” and wanted to celebrate with champagne, according to Access To Information records disclosed yesterday by the Canadian Taxpayers Federation: “I wish we could pop open some bubbly together!” https://www.blacklocks.ca/paid-925k-to-delete-a-word/
@MPJulian and the NDP
Shutdown tax-havens.
Fix the tax act.
Getting more value for money out of program spending
The focus should be on protecting the environment while growing the economy in a sustainable way.
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/tax-fairness-and-business-competitiveness-analysis
9. Disaster mitigation fund - https://www.municipalworld.com/press-releases/amo-reveals-municipal-government-highlights-from-budget-2021/
a. This does not replace the need to have proper crisis and emergency management reporting - https://ibm.box.com/s/rsp6p9tez8uru9fo0wu5d13bxt7rtrr0
Many people are confused how money flows from your wallet to social programs. Each level of government has different taxation programs that hit your wallet different ways
It is important to understand there is only one taxpayers and that is you
You cannot tax people to prosperity
Canada does a very good job of wealth distribution
Too many governments do not look at value for money when it comes to delivering program spending.
All politicians will promise the world, but in fact can deliver very little due fiscal restraints
Fiscal Management| Cycle| Analysis and Commentary| Canadapaul young cpa, cga
Military procurement - https://www.pbo-dpb.gc.ca/en/blog/news/RP-2021-040-C--cost-canada-surface-combatants-2021-update-options-analysis--cout-navires-combat-canadiens-mise-jour-2021-analyse-options or https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/frigate-fleet-cost-1.5926000
Failures on many procurement and policies like clean water for first nations – new audit reports - https://www.oag-bvg.gc.ca/internet/English/mr_lp_e_1455.html
There is still no fiscal anchor - https://www.reuters.com/article/us-canada-economy-idUSKBN2AG2AV
Fiscal support / Economy
The IMF said that fiscal policy should stay in place to support vulnerable households and firms until recovery takes hold and even then, many low-income countries will need additional assistance through grants, concessional financing, longer suspensions of debt service and in some cases, debt restructurings.
It also called for fiscal policy to "enable a green, digital and inclusive transformation." This includes investments in health systems, job training and hiring subsidies, promoting greater tax fairness, and cutting wasteful spending.
https://www.thechronicleherald.ca/business/reuters/imf-says-fiscal-support-needed-until-recovery-takes-hold-546056/
Canada fiscal management - deficit and debt - february 2021paul young cpa, cga
1. digital and luxury levies - https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/canada-s-budget-to-include-digital-and-luxury-levies-but-no-wealth-tax-reuters-sources-1.5392475
2. Tax havens and Panama Papers - https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/cra-panama-papers-audits-5-years-1.5974690
3. Public registry - https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2021/04/21/ottawa-targets-tax-evaders-with-public-registry-of-corporate-owners.html
4. AG and vaccines - https://www.hilltimes.com/2021/04/13/federal-auditor-general-to-start-probe-into-vaccines-this-year/293209
5. Holding the govt accountable - https://www.pentictonherald.ca/opinion/article_b48b630e-9878-11eb-bbfe-8734610eab46.html
6. C10 - @s_guilbeault is the last person that should be speaking about restrictions of the internet. I am guessing that @gmbutts is still calling the shots as a way to protect @JustinTrudeau from being exposed as a fraud - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/governance-model-canada-federal-government-april-23-2021 or https://troymedia.com/politicslaw/crtc-overreaching-with-its-proposed-internet-regulations/#.YIxWAaEpBPY
7. We do not need a judge investigating. We need someone like Mercer or another HR organization investigating the issues. https://www.mercer.ca/en/what-we-do/workforce-and-careers/hr-transformation.html# Liberals’ record on making improvements after they have failed has been abysmal! https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/analysis-justin-trudeau-accountability-and-transparency
8. CMHC spent nearly a million dollars to delete the word “mortgage” from its name, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. Staff in internal emails enthused the marketing exercise “gave them chills” and wanted to celebrate with champagne, according to Access To Information records disclosed yesterday by the Canadian Taxpayers Federation: “I wish we could pop open some bubbly together!” https://www.blacklocks.ca/paid-925k-to-delete-a-word/
@MPJulian and the NDP
Shutdown tax-havens.
Fix the tax act.
Getting more value for money out of program spending
The focus should be on protecting the environment while growing the economy in a sustainable way.
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/tax-fairness-and-business-competitiveness-analysis
9. Disaster mitigation fund - https://www.municipalworld.com/press-releases/amo-reveals-municipal-government-highlights-from-budget-2021/
a. This does not replace the need to have proper crisis and emergency management reporting - https://ibm.box.com/s/rsp6p9tez8uru9fo0wu5d13bxt7rtrr0
Many people are confused how money flows from your wallet to social programs. Each level of government has different taxation programs that hit your wallet different ways
It is important to understand there is only one taxpayers and that is you
You cannot tax people to prosperity
Canada does a very good job of wealth distribution
Too many governments do not look at value for money when it comes to delivering program spending.
All politicians will promise the world, but in fact can deliver very little due fiscal restraints
CPPIB is independent board that evaluates all investment to ensure pensions funds achieve a specific return. There is nothing stopping govt from talking to CPPIB which the Liberals have done in the past with various pension funds to encourage investments.
The federal government ran a deficit of nearly $69 billion over the first half its fiscal year, almost $130 billion less than the treasury pumped out during the same stretch one year earlier.
The Finance Department’s fiscal monitor says the budgetary deficit between April and September was $68.6 billion, down from the $198.1 billion recorded over the same months in 2020 when Covid-19 first struck.
Source - https://www.advisor.ca/news/economic/federal-deficit-hits-nearly-69b-over-first-half-of-fiscal-year/
1. Deficit / Canada - https://www.reuters.com/markets/rates-bonds/canada-records-c6857-bln-budget-deficit-over-first-six-months-202122-2021-11-26/
2. BOC / qualitative easing - https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2021/11/financial-stability-through-the-pandemic-and-beyond/
3. Inflation - https://financialpost.com/opinion/philip-cross-government-is-driving-inflation
4. Household debt - https://www.consolidatedcreditcanada.ca/financial-news/household-debt/
5. https://twitter.com/EvanLSolomon/status/1464071997286232100 Hey Evan - Sep/19 also seen higher inflation compared to Oct/15 but there was no comment from you back in Sep/19, why? https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/2019-election-cost-of-living-canada-june-2019 There was also no comment how GDP growth went from 3.0% (2017) to 1.6% (2019), right? https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/global-growth-and-the-major-issues-facing-global-gdp
6. Interest rates - https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-27/bank-of-canada-accelerates-potential-timing-of-rate-hikes
7. Housing - https://theconversation.com/want-to-solve-the-housing-crisis-address-super-charged-demand-169809
8. Consumer spending - https://thoughtleadership.rbc.com/rbc-consumer-spending-tracker/
9. Infrastructure bank - https://canada.constructconnect.com/dcn/news/projects/2021/11/cib-hits-its-stride-with-20-projects-in-its-portfolio
10. https://globalnews.ca/news/8404028/prime-minister-justin-trudeau-bc-flood-zone/ Is @JustinTrudeau taking his surfboard? Many of us already know it will be lots of word salad and little said about all levels of government failing to safeguard assets! https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/crisis-and-emergency-management-risk-management-how-best-to-manage-risk
People need to review all aspects of the various parties platform including looking at the annual report for government.
There is allot of information that is missing from statements made by various parties. Elections tend to allow parties to mislead the facts.
2019 Election| Seniors and Retirement | Canada | July 2019paul young cpa, cga
This presentation looks at the issues facing various pension plans across Canada as well as looks to see if people are saving for retirement
This presentation will also discuss the seniors concerns going into the 2019 election
Blog – Failure of Trudeaunomics – October 2021
Inflation went from 1% in 2015 to 1.9% in 2019 and now is 4.7% in Oct/21
Public sector jobs continue to outpace the private sector jobs
GDP went from 3.0% in 2017 to 1.6% 2019 (pre-Covid)
Housing prices continue to rise
Welcome to @justinTrudeau ‘s Canada
2019 Election| Who do you just more when it comes to Retirement Planning?paul young cpa, cga
This presentation looks at the issues facing various pension plans across Canada as well as looks to see if people are saving for retirement
This presentation will also discuss the seniors concerns going into the 2019 election
Justin Trudeau made many promises back in 2015 including being open, transparent, and accountable. This presentation looks at many areas of policy. The readers of this report can make their own decisions on whether Trudeau has been open, transparent, and accountable to Canadians.
1. Trade protectionism - https://torontosun.com/opinion/editorials/editorial-bidens-buy-american-policies-hurting-canada
2. Climate Change - https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/environment-commissioner-report-failure-to-failure-1.6262523
3. Benefits - https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/some-cerb-recipients-set-to-get-notices-that-they-owe-feds-some-of-the-aid?r
4. Wage growth - https://financialpost.com/news/economy/immigrant-influx-is-stunting-wage-growth-in-canadian-recovery
5. GDP - https://economics.td.com/ca-weekly-bottom-line
6. Housing - https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/it-s-like-gamestop-mortgage-expert-on-risk-of-housing-correction-1.1687056
7. Canada lags many states in oil and gas development - https://www.fraserinstitute.org/studies/canada-us-energy-sector-competitiveness-survey-2021
8. Streaming = https://ca.finance.yahoo.com/news/media-experts-agree-action-needed-110000640.html
9. Skills gaps - https://financialpost.com/sponsored/business-sponsored/building-the-future-of-continuing-education
10. Deficit - https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-report-says-federal-deficit-stood-at-686b-halfway-through-fiscal-year/ or https://www.advisor.ca/news/economic/federal-deficit-hits-nearly-69b-over-first-half-of-fiscal-year/
Many different groups will write paper and/or articles on government from their perspective. It is important for readers to review all sources when it comes to debating various government policies
Justin Trudeau constantly calls out the Harper era like he did in 2015. The problem is Trudeau never discuss details as the details tell a different picture.
Trudeau foundation - Analysis and Commentary - November 26, 2016paul young cpa, cga
Here is a presentation on the Trudeau Fondation. The presentation will look at funding as well as the role of the fondation to help scholastic students around the globe
Fiscal and Economic Management| Canada| August 2020| Analysis and Commentarypaul young cpa, cga
The government under their mandate is faced with the election mandate along with facing geopolitical issues that drive both the fiscal management cycle and the economy. This presentation looks at various issues facing Canada including what is required to resolve the various issues
CPPIB is independent board that evaluates all investment to ensure pensions funds achieve a specific return. There is nothing stopping govt from talking to CPPIB which the Liberals have done in the past with various pension funds to encourage investments.
The federal government ran a deficit of nearly $69 billion over the first half its fiscal year, almost $130 billion less than the treasury pumped out during the same stretch one year earlier.
The Finance Department’s fiscal monitor says the budgetary deficit between April and September was $68.6 billion, down from the $198.1 billion recorded over the same months in 2020 when Covid-19 first struck.
Source - https://www.advisor.ca/news/economic/federal-deficit-hits-nearly-69b-over-first-half-of-fiscal-year/
1. Deficit / Canada - https://www.reuters.com/markets/rates-bonds/canada-records-c6857-bln-budget-deficit-over-first-six-months-202122-2021-11-26/
2. BOC / qualitative easing - https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2021/11/financial-stability-through-the-pandemic-and-beyond/
3. Inflation - https://financialpost.com/opinion/philip-cross-government-is-driving-inflation
4. Household debt - https://www.consolidatedcreditcanada.ca/financial-news/household-debt/
5. https://twitter.com/EvanLSolomon/status/1464071997286232100 Hey Evan - Sep/19 also seen higher inflation compared to Oct/15 but there was no comment from you back in Sep/19, why? https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/2019-election-cost-of-living-canada-june-2019 There was also no comment how GDP growth went from 3.0% (2017) to 1.6% (2019), right? https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/global-growth-and-the-major-issues-facing-global-gdp
6. Interest rates - https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-27/bank-of-canada-accelerates-potential-timing-of-rate-hikes
7. Housing - https://theconversation.com/want-to-solve-the-housing-crisis-address-super-charged-demand-169809
8. Consumer spending - https://thoughtleadership.rbc.com/rbc-consumer-spending-tracker/
9. Infrastructure bank - https://canada.constructconnect.com/dcn/news/projects/2021/11/cib-hits-its-stride-with-20-projects-in-its-portfolio
10. https://globalnews.ca/news/8404028/prime-minister-justin-trudeau-bc-flood-zone/ Is @JustinTrudeau taking his surfboard? Many of us already know it will be lots of word salad and little said about all levels of government failing to safeguard assets! https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/crisis-and-emergency-management-risk-management-how-best-to-manage-risk
People need to review all aspects of the various parties platform including looking at the annual report for government.
There is allot of information that is missing from statements made by various parties. Elections tend to allow parties to mislead the facts.
2019 Election| Seniors and Retirement | Canada | July 2019paul young cpa, cga
This presentation looks at the issues facing various pension plans across Canada as well as looks to see if people are saving for retirement
This presentation will also discuss the seniors concerns going into the 2019 election
Blog – Failure of Trudeaunomics – October 2021
Inflation went from 1% in 2015 to 1.9% in 2019 and now is 4.7% in Oct/21
Public sector jobs continue to outpace the private sector jobs
GDP went from 3.0% in 2017 to 1.6% 2019 (pre-Covid)
Housing prices continue to rise
Welcome to @justinTrudeau ‘s Canada
2019 Election| Who do you just more when it comes to Retirement Planning?paul young cpa, cga
This presentation looks at the issues facing various pension plans across Canada as well as looks to see if people are saving for retirement
This presentation will also discuss the seniors concerns going into the 2019 election
Justin Trudeau made many promises back in 2015 including being open, transparent, and accountable. This presentation looks at many areas of policy. The readers of this report can make their own decisions on whether Trudeau has been open, transparent, and accountable to Canadians.
1. Trade protectionism - https://torontosun.com/opinion/editorials/editorial-bidens-buy-american-policies-hurting-canada
2. Climate Change - https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/environment-commissioner-report-failure-to-failure-1.6262523
3. Benefits - https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/some-cerb-recipients-set-to-get-notices-that-they-owe-feds-some-of-the-aid?r
4. Wage growth - https://financialpost.com/news/economy/immigrant-influx-is-stunting-wage-growth-in-canadian-recovery
5. GDP - https://economics.td.com/ca-weekly-bottom-line
6. Housing - https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/it-s-like-gamestop-mortgage-expert-on-risk-of-housing-correction-1.1687056
7. Canada lags many states in oil and gas development - https://www.fraserinstitute.org/studies/canada-us-energy-sector-competitiveness-survey-2021
8. Streaming = https://ca.finance.yahoo.com/news/media-experts-agree-action-needed-110000640.html
9. Skills gaps - https://financialpost.com/sponsored/business-sponsored/building-the-future-of-continuing-education
10. Deficit - https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-report-says-federal-deficit-stood-at-686b-halfway-through-fiscal-year/ or https://www.advisor.ca/news/economic/federal-deficit-hits-nearly-69b-over-first-half-of-fiscal-year/
Many different groups will write paper and/or articles on government from their perspective. It is important for readers to review all sources when it comes to debating various government policies
Justin Trudeau constantly calls out the Harper era like he did in 2015. The problem is Trudeau never discuss details as the details tell a different picture.
Trudeau foundation - Analysis and Commentary - November 26, 2016paul young cpa, cga
Here is a presentation on the Trudeau Fondation. The presentation will look at funding as well as the role of the fondation to help scholastic students around the globe
Fiscal and Economic Management| Canada| August 2020| Analysis and Commentarypaul young cpa, cga
The government under their mandate is faced with the election mandate along with facing geopolitical issues that drive both the fiscal management cycle and the economy. This presentation looks at various issues facing Canada including what is required to resolve the various issues
Summary:
The federal government ran a budget deficit of $73.7 billion for the April to November period of the current fiscal year.
The Finance Department says the result compared with a deficit of $232 billion in the same period a year earlier.
Source - https://www.advisor.ca/news/economic/eight-month-deficit-feds-spent-73-7-billion-more-than-they-took-in/
1. YTD deficit of $73B - https://infotel.ca/newsitem/fiscal-monitor/cp2130154807
2. Currency - https://www.reuters.com/article/canada-forex/canada-fx-debt-c-posts-biggest-weekly-decline-since-august-on-risk-aversion-idUKL1N2U829F
3. GDP - https://betterdwelling.com/bank-of-canada-quietly-revised-its-gdp-forecast-to-show-a-larger-housing-contraction/
4. Green inflation - https://euobserver.com/climate/154220
5. Trade - https://worldrepublicnews.com/united-states-defeats-canada-in-first-dispute-under-new-north-american-trade-pact/
6. Skills gaps - https://worldrepublicnews.com/united-states-defeats-canada-in-first-dispute-under-new-north-american-trade-pact/
7. Input Costs / AG - https://www.agweb.com/news/crops/planting/farming-input-costs-are-rising-how-producers-are-managing-risk
8. Middle class taxes - https://www.agweb.com/news/crops/planting/farming-input-costs-are-rising-how-producers-are-managing-risk
9. Wealth taxes - https://financesofthenation.ca/2022/01/26/why-wont-canada-increase-taxes-on-capital-gains-of-the-wealthiest-families/
10. Value for money - https://www.thespec.com/opinion/contributors/2022/01/26/value-for-money-audit-could-unlock-police-ingenuity-creativity-and-innovation.html
11. Funding transit - https://fcm.ca/en/news-media/news-release/big-city-mayors-federal-government-public-transit-needs-our-help
12. What plans?
a. https://www.canada.ca/en/innovation-science-economic-development/news/2022/01/government-of-canada-delivers-on-commitment-to-reduce-cell-phone-wireless-plans-by-25.html
i. This is misleading because it is based on plans. https://www.iphoneincanada.ca/carriers/rogers/rogers-telus-bell-have-lowered-cellphone-plans-by-25-as-agreed-says-ottawa/
1. If you renew your plan than you will see different rates due to what is being offered.
Canada - Fiscal Management - Deficit and Debt - January 2022.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
Canada heads to a very difficult time with a government that solely focus on its progressive agenda and climate change. The government continues push forward with new programs despite a structural deficit that has not been addressed since the December 2019.
There was a budgetary deficit of $3.7 billion in October 2021, compared to a deficit of $18.5 billion in October 2020. The budgetary deficit before net actuarial losses and gains was $5.4 billion, compared to a deficit of $17.2 billion in the same period of 2020–21. The budgetary balance before net actuarial losses and gains is intended to supplement the traditional budgetary balance and improve the transparency of the government's financial reporting by isolating the impact of the amortization of net actuarial losses and gains arising from the revaluation of the government's pension and other employee future benefit plans
Source - https://www.canada.ca/en/department-finance/services/publications/fiscal-monitor/2021/10.html
1. Fiscal update - https://rabble.ca/politics/canadian-politics/feds-fiscal-update-is-all-about-covid-but-does-too-little-to-address-root-cause/
2. Housing - https://betterdwelling.com/canadian-real-estate-prices-forecast-to-rise-while-incomes-fall-fitch-ratings/
3. Fitch - https://www.fitchratings.com/research/international-public-finance/canadian-provinces-rebound-in-2022-debt-bears-watching-13-12-2021
4. Food costs - https://www.fitchratings.com/research/international-public-finance/canadian-provinces-rebound-in-2022-debt-bears-watching-13-12-2021
5. Income and food costs - https://globalnews.ca/video/8458094/most-canadians-dont-believe-their-income-will-keep-up-with-rising-food-prices/amp/
6. 2B trees - https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/canada-trees-planting-climate-1.6288938
7. Critical metals - https://www.sudbury.com/beyond-local/mining-the-future-canadas-high-hopes-to-become-a-global-critical-mineral-powerhouse-4870557
8. China - https://www.theglobeandmail.com/business/commentary/article-china-is-buying-up-the-critical-green-revolution-minerals-sector-in/
9. LNG - https://thenarwhal.ca/bc-last-lng-project/
10. Oil Production - https://financialpost.com/executive/executive-summary/posthaste-canada-set-to-smash-oil-production-record-in-2022-and-thats-a-little-bearish-for-oil
11. Manufacturing - https://www.conferenceboard.ca/insights/featured/canadian-economics/manufacturing-sales-show-signs-of-life
Canada - Fiscal Management - Deficit and Debt - May 2022.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
Blog – Public Sector – What is next for Canada – June 2022
The federal public services have expanded by over 50K job and yet there are backlogs with passports, immigration, and other areas of government
Federal government deficits pre-covid nineteen did little to address productivity, innovation, skills gaps, and affordable housing.
Canada per capita GDP trails other countries like Qatar https://georank.org/economy/canada/qatar and Australia https://georank.org/economy/australia/canada
Canada continues to struggle with high inflation - https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/chrystia-freeland-inflation-1.6501750
Canada - Fiscal Management - Deficit and Debt - March 2022.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
Federal fiscal deficit hit nearly 96B for the FY ending March 2022
OPP costs continue to plague municipal and local government budgets
More needs to be done from all levels of government to mitigate the impacts of climate change
All levels of government need to address issues with housing
Governments need to start looking at the operational model as part of managing costs.
All levels of government need revisit tax policies to ensure fairness.
More needs to be done to address skill gaps and economic development
More needs to be done to address issues with healthcare wait times
Better alignment of education with the jobs of today and tomorrow
Summary:
There was a budgetary deficit of $3.9 billion in July 2022, compared to a deficit of $10.9 billion in July 2021. The budgetary deficit before net actuarial losses was $3.0 billion, compared to a deficit of $9.6 billion in the same period of 2021-22. The budgetary balance before net actuarial losses is intended to supplement the traditional budgetary balance and improve the transparency of the government’s financial reporting by isolating the impact of the amortization of net actuarial losses arising from the revaluation of the government’s pension and other employee future benefit plans.
As expected, the government’s 2022-23 financial results continue to improve compared to the peak of the COVID-19 crisis and the unprecedented level of temporary COVID-19 response measures at the time.
Source – Government of Canada
Canada - Fiscal Management - Deficit and Debt - May 2022.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
Summary
Canada projected a 12B deficit for FY 2023. The current surplus of $5B is primarily to do with higher revenue and lower expenses being paid out. The economy is about hit major headway as such taxes should start to drop over the next 5-6 months. Government expenses will likely grow over the next few months.
All governments have to follow their fiscal management cycle and that includes internal audit programs. The problem is too many governments put little focus on operational and performance audits as part of managing their fiscal cycle.
There has been little discussion of a economic road map as part of the managing COVID19. The economy has many parts to it as such govt needs to come up with fiscal and economic road map as part moving Canada through the COVID19 crisis.
Here is a review of key areas facing Canada and the world. Canada along with its provinces will require to work together as part of moving Canada's economy and public sector beyond 2020 into the future.
Household Spending, Savings and Income (Income Inequality .pptxpaul young cpa, cga
Here is my latest look at household consumption, taxation, and income.
Justin Trudeau is continuing on his social spending plan. The problem is there was a structural deficit pre-covid19.
Global Housing Market Analysis and Commentary- September 2023.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
Summary:
Homebuilders are walking a fine line when it comes to new projects as high mortgage rates curb demand.
New residential construction, including single-family homes and multifamily, dropped 11.3% month over month in August to 1.283 million units on a seasonally adjusted basis, according to Census Bureau data released Tuesday. That's down 14.8% compared with a year ago and well below the 1.44 million units economists surveyed by Bloomberg projected.
But authorized residential permits — an indicator of potential future activity — rose 6.9% to 1.543 million permits in August from July. That was still down 2.7% from last August. Single-family permits, though, were up 2% from July to 949,000. Multifamily permits came in at 535,000.
The data reflects two opposing forces builders are trying to balance: the ongoing need for new construction to fill in limited inventory and elevated mortgage rates that are hurting their biggest customer right now, the first-time homebuyer.
"High mortgage rates are clearly taking a toll on builder confidence and consumer demand, as a growing number of buyers are electing to defer a home purchase until long-term rates move lower," Robert Dietz, chief economist of the National Association of Home Builders, said Monday in a press release after builder confidence dropped for the second straight month.
Source: https://ca.finance.yahoo.com/news/homebuilders-face-a-tough-balancing-act-on-new-construction-amid-high-mortgage-rates-130744368.html
Blog – What is next for the Mining Sector – September 2023
The mining sector provides critical material that support solar, wind, and lithium-ion batteries as part of the green transition. https://www.iea.org/news/critical-minerals-market-sees-unprecedented-growth-as-clean-energy-demand-drives-strong-increase-in-investment
The mining sector products play a key role with the global GDP - https://www.yicaiglobal.com/news/global-mining-industry-value-was-69-of-world-gdp-last-year-china-says
Mining practices need to be sustainable including following all ESG policies - https://www.linkedin.com/advice/1/how-can-you-monitor-sustainable-mining-practices
Other links and sources –
Lithium Supply and Price - https://zbr.com.mx/en/sin-categoria-es/lithium-prices-fall-44-in-china-due-to-lack-of-demand/138168/
Cobalt - https://www.linkedin.com/posts/mahmut-karada%C5%9F-a2b7a5151_china-exportrestrictions-gallium-activity-7082603182589157376-Zrty/?trk=public_profile_like_view
Nickel https://www.eureporter.co/business/2023/09/15/stanislav-kondrashov-from-telf-ag-nickel-prices-outlook-remains-positive/
Iron-ore - https://www.brecorder.com/news/40263584/sgx-iron-ore-set-for-best-week-in-3-months
TD Bank / Metals - https://www.tdsecurities.com/ca/en/setting-the-stage-for-gold-outlook
Biodiversity / Mining - https://worldcrunch.com/green/lithium-green-energy-argentina-indigenous
ESG - https://iriscarbon.com/the-added-value-of-integrated-esg-reporting-a-threefold-framework/
Blog – Manufacturing Shipments and Orders – The United States – August 2023
Summary:
New orders for manufacturing technology in the United States totaled $353.9 million in July 2023, as per the latest report by AMT – The Association For Manufacturing Technology. This figure marked a 12.4% decline from June 2023 but remained only 10.5% lower than July 2022. Year-to-date orders amounted to $2.83 billion, reflecting a 12.7% decrease compared to the same period the previous year.
Douglas K. Woods, President of AMT, noted that July is typically a slower month for manufacturing technology orders, so a slight drop was expected. However, he pointed out a notable trend: over the last two months, the year-to-date order gap has narrowed during historically slow periods. While job shops have seen decreased orders, other industries that benefited from reshoring or government investments have helped fill the gap.
Among specific sectors, job shops, the largest customer segment, placed their lowest total monthly orders since August 2020. In contrast, metal valve manufacturers recorded their third-highest monthly order value on record, last seen in September 2018, making up nearly 5% of the total manufacturing technology order value for July 2023. Manufacturers of motor vehicle transmissions continued to order machinery at an elevated pace. However, the aerospace industry continued to order below its early 2022 peaks, with hopes that recent projects like the federal government's $1.5 billion investment in communications satellites might reverse this trend.
Source: https://www.sme.org/technologies/articles/2023/september/u.s.-manufacturing-technology-orders-dip-in-july-but-show-resilience-amid-economic-uncertainty
Stock Market Analysis and Commentary for WE September 15 2023.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
Blog – Analysis and Commentary – Stock Market – WE September 15 2023
Summary:
Stocks fell Friday as investors wrap up a volatile week ahead of the Federal Reserve's policy meeting.
The Dow Jones Industrials tumbled 288.87 points to close out Friday and the week at 34,618.24. At its lows, it completely wiped out Thursday's 332-point rally.
The S&P 500 index sank 54.78 points, or 1.2%, to 4,450.32.
The NASDAQ index plunged 217.72 points, or 1.6%, to 13,708.33.
The Dow held onto a winning week. The S&P 500 and NASDAQ both closed out the week with losses.
Information technology was the worst-performing sector in the S&P 500, down nearly 2%. Adobe shares fell more than 4% even after the software firm posted better-than-expected quarterly results. Shares of Arm Holdings were lower one day after its successful public debut.
Auto stocks General Motors and Stellantis N.V. were higher Friday, while Ford Motor was about flat. Thousands of members of the United Auto Workers went on strike after failing to reach a deal with the automakers Thursday night.
Elsewhere, Lennar shares slid 3%. The home construction firm posted third-quarter results that beat on the top and bottom lines.
On the economic front, the University of Michigan's consumer sentiment survey showed one-year inflation expectations dropped to 3.1% in
September, tied for the lowest since January 2021. Also, the five-year outlook fell to 2.7%, matching its lowest since December 2020.
Electricity Analysis - Canada and the OECD - June 2023.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
Summary:
Over three-quarters of the world’s total coal-generated electricity is consumed in just three countries. China is the top user of coal, making up 53.3% of global coal demand, followed by India at 13.6%, and the U.S. at 8.9%.
Burning coal—for electricity, as well as metallurgy and cement production—is the world’s single largest source of CO2 emissions. Nevertheless, its use in electricity generation has actually grown 91.2% since 1997, the year when the first global climate agreement was signed in Kyoto, Japan.
However, even as non-renewables enjoy their time in the sun, their days could be numbered.
In 2022, renewables, such as wind, solar, and geothermal, represented 14.4% of total electricity generation with an extraordinary annual growth rate of 14.7%, driven by big gains in solar and wind. Non-renewables, by contrast, only managed an anemic 0.4%.
The authors of the Statistical Review do not include hydroelectric in their renewable calculations, even though many others, including the International Energy Agency, consider it a “well-established renewable power technology.”
With hydroelectric moved into the renewable column, together they accounted for over 29.3% of all electricity generated in 2022, with an annual growth rate of 7.4%.
Source - https://energynow.ca/2023/09/infographic-what-electricity-sources-power-the-world-see-them-here-visual-capitalist/
Stock Market Analysis and Commentary for WE September 9 2023.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
What did the markets tell us this week?
1. Housing supply and costs continue to plague countries around the world.
2. Gasoline prices are on the rise that puts pressure on central banks ability to hit their core inflation targets.
3. ESG adoption by both the private and public sector is leading to both funding concerns and the overall cost of implementing ESG policies.
4. Adopting technology as part of increasing food production is facing both capital and operational funding concerns.
5. Strike at LNG facility in Australia is leading to concerns around a supply chain disruption of natural gas for EMEA and Asia.
6. The threat of China dumping batteries into markets - https://www.ft.com/content/b6038e51-7b5b-4f97-a5da-9202e71562fc
7. Adoption of generative AI has been facing many challenges related to security, privacy, and ethical issues.
8. Lack of biodiversity planning as part of the overall climate mitigation including sustainable mining, forestry, oil, gas, agriculture, and housing
9. Geopolitical issues continue to impact supply chain.
10. The concerns of recession continue to plague both the private and public sector.
11. Productivity issues continue to plague governments around the world.
Global (Mining Oil and Gas Forestry and Agriculture) Analysis and Commentary ...paul young cpa, cga
The mining, oil, gas, agriculture, forestry, and mining continue to face environmental, social, and governance policy review including reporting of key metrics as part of ESG reporting cycle.
There is more focus on profitability and investment returns as part of the integrated planning and reporting cycle.
Summary:
The global economy faces what at least one forecaster is calling a mild trade recession as shipments from China slump and German factories downshift.
China’s export declines extended into August, though there were signs that the worst of a world trade slowdown may be over for the leading exporter.
Overseas shipments from China fell 8.8% in dollar terms from a year earlier while imports contracted 7.3%, both better than economists’ estimates and significantly less severe than July’s downturn.
Other data have suggested trade may be stabilizing after weakening for most of this year. Exports from South Korea also declined at a more moderate pace in August than the previous month.
Source: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/newsletters/2023-09-07/supply-chain-latest-world-trade-faces-a-shallow-recession?srnd=economics-v2
Additional sources and links:
Lithium - https://source.benchmarkminerals.com/article/falling-lithium-prices-challenge-potential-cost-advantages-of-sodium-batteries
Oil Production - https://www.cnn.com/2023/09/06/business/oil-price-goldman-sachs/index.html
Natural gas - https://www.fxstreet.com/news/natural-gas-holds-up-as-markets-in-limbo-over-strikes-202309070956
Lumber - https://www.fastmarkets.com/insights/sawmill-capacity-closures-reshape-us-lumber-supply
Critical metals - https://www.wasterecyclingmag.ca/feature/how-recycling-could-solve-the-shortage-of-minerals-essential-to-clean-energy/
Agriculture - https://www.morningagclips.com/economists-forecast-positive-end-of-year-crop-outlook-despite-warmer-midwestern-climate/
ESG - https://www.skadden.com/insights/publications/2023/09/the-informed-board/the-eus-new-esg-disclosure-rules
Ports - https://www.marketscreener.com/quote/stock/HAPAG-LLOYD-AG-24857717/news/Hapag-Lloyd-chief-warns-of-rougher-seas-ahead-for-container-shipping-44789017/
Top destination for reshoring - https://www.thenationalnews.com/business/economy/2023/08/29/uae-in-top-10-most-powerful-passports-for-investment-opportunity/
Global Trade - https://phys.org/news/2023-09-opinion-broke-global-climate-finish.html
What is next for the Forestry Sector and Lumber Production - September 2023.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
Lumber production in Canada continues to face many hurdles
Canada forest management practices are some of the bests in the world
Canada planted over 440M in seedlings back in 2018. It is now 2022 which means close 2M seedlings have been planted.
All levels need to put more focus on urban and rural planning solutions
More work including spending on wildfire and forest fire mitigation
Canada and USA need to find a path forward to resolve the softwood lumber dispute
There needs to a better balanced between climate change policies and growing the economy in a sustainable way
3D printing for housing needs to become mainstream
More protection needs to happen with key ecosystems like wetlands, forest, and peatlands.
There is a risk of debt default if interest rates are hike over the next few months
Introduction to Indian Financial System ()Avanish Goel
The financial system of a country is an important tool for economic development of the country, as it helps in creation of wealth by linking savings with investments.
It facilitates the flow of funds form the households (savers) to business firms (investors) to aid in wealth creation and development of both the parties
how can i use my minded pi coins I need some funds.DOT TECH
If you are interested in selling your pi coins, i have a verified pi merchant, who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
Because the core team has announced that pi network will not be doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges like huobi, bitmart and hotbit can get pi is by buying from miners.
Now a merchant stands in between these exchanges and the miners. As a link to make transactions smooth. Because right now in the enclosed mainnet you can't sell pi coins your self. You need the help of a merchant,
i will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant below. 👇 I and my friends has traded more than 3000pi coins with him successfully.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins in all Africa Countries.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network for other cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, usdt , Ethereum and other currencies And this is done easily with the help from a pi merchant.
What is a pi merchant ?
Since pi is not launched yet in any exchange. The only way you can sell right now is through merchants.
A verified Pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins from miners and resell them to investors looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview.pptxmarketing367770
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview
If you're dreaming of owning a home in California's rural or suburban areas, a USDA loan might be the perfect solution. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers these loans to help low-to-moderate-income individuals and families achieve homeownership.
Key Features of USDA Loans:
Zero Down Payment: USDA loans require no down payment, making homeownership more accessible.
Competitive Interest Rates: These loans often come with lower interest rates compared to conventional loans.
Flexible Credit Requirements: USDA loans have more lenient credit score requirements, helping those with less-than-perfect credit.
Guaranteed Loan Program: The USDA guarantees a portion of the loan, reducing risk for lenders and expanding borrowing options.
Eligibility Criteria:
Location: The property must be located in a USDA-designated rural or suburban area. Many areas in California qualify.
Income Limits: Applicants must meet income guidelines, which vary by region and household size.
Primary Residence: The home must be used as the borrower's primary residence.
Application Process:
Find a USDA-Approved Lender: Not all lenders offer USDA loans, so it's essential to choose one approved by the USDA.
Pre-Qualification: Determine your eligibility and the amount you can borrow.
Property Search: Look for properties in eligible rural or suburban areas.
Loan Application: Submit your application, including financial and personal information.
Processing and Approval: The lender and USDA will review your application. If approved, you can proceed to closing.
USDA loans are an excellent option for those looking to buy a home in California's rural and suburban areas. With no down payment and flexible requirements, these loans make homeownership more attainable for many families. Explore your eligibility today and take the first step toward owning your dream home.
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
Even tho Pi network is not listed on any exchange yet.
Buying/Selling or investing in pi network coins is highly possible through the help of vendors. You can buy from vendors[ buy directly from the pi network miners and resell it]. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal vendor.
@Pi_vendor_247
If you are looking for a pi coin investor. Then look no further because I have the right one he is a pi vendor (he buy and resell to whales in China). I met him on a crypto conference and ever since I and my friends have sold more than 10k pi coins to him And he bought all and still want more. I will drop his telegram handle below just send him a message.
@Pi_vendor_247
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
what is the best method to sell pi coins in 2024DOT TECH
The best way to sell your pi coins safely is trading with an exchange..but since pi is not launched in any exchange, and second option is through a VERIFIED pi merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and pioneers and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive amounts before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade pi coins with.
@Pi_vendor_247
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Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank Introduce New Co-Branded Credit Cardnickysharmasucks
The unveiling of the IndusInd Bank Poonawalla Fincorp eLITE RuPay Platinum Credit Card marks a notable milestone in the Indian financial landscape, showcasing a successful partnership between two leading institutions, Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank. This co-branded credit card not only offers users a plethora of benefits but also reflects a commitment to innovation and adaptation. With a focus on providing value-driven and customer-centric solutions, this launch represents more than just a new product—it signifies a step towards redefining the banking experience for millions. Promising convenience, rewards, and a touch of luxury in everyday financial transactions, this collaboration aims to cater to the evolving needs of customers and set new standards in the industry.
Resume
• Real GDP growth slowed down due to problems with access to electricity caused by the destruction of manoeuvrable electricity generation by Russian drones and missiles.
• Exports and imports continued growing due to better logistics through the Ukrainian sea corridor and road. Polish farmers and drivers stopped blocking borders at the end of April.
• In April, both the Tax and Customs Services over-executed the revenue plan. Moreover, the NBU transferred twice the planned profit to the budget.
• The European side approved the Ukraine Plan, which the government adopted to determine indicators for the Ukraine Facility. That approval will allow Ukraine to receive a EUR 1.9 bn loan from the EU in May. At the same time, the EU provided Ukraine with a EUR 1.5 bn loan in April, as the government fulfilled five indicators under the Ukraine Plan.
• The USA has finally approved an aid package for Ukraine, which includes USD 7.8 bn of budget support; however, the conditions and timing of the assistance are still unknown.
• As in March, annual consumer inflation amounted to 3.2% yoy in April.
• At the April monetary policy meeting, the NBU again reduced the key policy rate from 14.5% to 13.5% per annum.
• Over the past four weeks, the hryvnia exchange rate has stabilized in the UAH 39-40 per USD range.
how to sell pi coins on Bitmart crypto exchangeDOT TECH
Yes. Pi network coins can be exchanged but not on bitmart exchange. Because pi network is still in the enclosed mainnet. The only way pioneers are able to trade pi coins is by reselling the pi coins to pi verified merchants.
A verified merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell it to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
What website can I sell pi coins securely.DOT TECH
Currently there are no website or exchange that allow buying or selling of pi coins..
But you can still easily sell pi coins, by reselling it to exchanges/crypto whales interested in holding thousands of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell to these crypto whales and holders of pi..
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners and pi merchants stands in between the miners and the exchanges.
How can I sell my pi coins?
Selling pi coins is really easy, but first you need to migrate to mainnet wallet before you can do that. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
Tele-gram.
@Pi_vendor_247
2. Paul Young - Bio
• CPA, CGA
• Academia (PF1, FA4, FN2, MU1. and
MS2)
• SME – Risk Management
• SME – Close, Consolidate and
Reporting
• SME – Public Policy
• SME – Emerging Technology
• SME – Business Process Change
• SME – Financial Solutions
• SME – Macro/Micro Indicators
• SME – Supply Chain Management
Contact information: Paul_Young_CGA@hotmail.com
3. Introduction
This presentation looks at key planks by
the Liberals as well as fiscal
management cycle for each party.
Federal government has undertaken
$252B+ in deficit spending as part of the
COVID19 response.
4. Agenda
• Fiscal Update
• FY 19/20 – Fiscal Management Cycle – Canada
• FY 20/21 – Fiscal Management – Federal Government
• FY 20/21 – Fiscal Management Cycle – Provinces
• Pandemic Response
• Credit Downgrade
• Size of Government
• GDP Growth / Provinces
• Job Quality – USA vs Canada
• Affordability
• GDP / Canada
• Key Metrics / GDP comments
• Importance of Audit (Operational and Performance Audit)
• PBO / Deficit
• Paul Martin years
• 1980-1982 Recession
• 2009 Recession
• Failure of Trudeanomics
• Key Policy Reviews
5. Fiscal Management – 2020/2021
Source – Government of Canada - https://www.canada.ca/en/department-finance/services/publications/fiscal-monitor/2021/01.html
6. Fiscal Update
Source - https://economics.bmo.com/en/publications/detail/4eaa72b1-7c11-45d3-927a-cc2227536362/
• Liberals cuts tax rates but made up for those tax cuts
• Liberals are leading to a structure deficit which
means higher taxes, like GST. Each point of GST is
worth about $5B.
• New Taxes or Hikes
• Elimination of boutique tax credits
• Hikes to CPP
• Estimated costs $150 to $300 more per year
- https://www.newswire.ca/news-
releases/january-1-cpp-hikes-to-hit-
employers-payroll-budgets-cut-take-home-
wages-for-workers-805159419.html
• Carbon Tax is adding $1,400 to 2,000K
additional costs to households -
https://www2.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/the-
real-truth-about-emissions-and-carbon-taxation
• Fuel Standard change / new carbon tax
• Estimated Costs $500 to $1,000 per
household - https://www.newswire.ca/news-
releases/clean-fuels-standard-will-increase-
household-costs-for-canadians-capp-
819531042.html
7. New estimated Projection Deficit
https://www.canadianmanufacturing.com/financing/freeland-
says-aid-needed-but-not-infinite-as-central-bank-targets-2022-
for-recovery-263007/
Freeland says aid needed, but not infinite, as central bank targets
2022 for recover
In other words, “More money for friends of the LPC. More miss
management of spending for LPC pet projects.”
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/fiscal-management-
canada-analysis-and-commentary-october-18-2020
Canada has the highest deficit % of GDP of any G20 countries -
https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/entry/budget-deficit-
canada_ca_5f89a94fc5b62dbe71c23326
8. Throne Speech / September 2020
• Here is my critique of the throne speech -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/what-is-next-for-canada-
throne-speech-september-23-2020
• Fitch - https://www.fitchratings.com/research/sovereigns/canadas-spending-
pledges-to-push-federal-deficit-higher-still-25-09-2020 or
https://www.westernstandardonline.com/2020/09/bond-agency-issues-
warning-to-trudeau-about-throne-speech-spending-plans/
• CFIB - https://www.cfib-fcei.ca/en/media/news-releases/cfib-comment-
federal-speech-throne
• Chamber of Commerce -
https://www.kelownachamber.org/news/post/533/Canadian_Chamber_Thron
e_Speech_a_start_but_much_more_is_needed_to_get_Canadians_back_to_
work/
• Retail Council - https://www.retailcouncil.org/province/national/rcc-
statement-on-the-governments-speech-from-the-throne/
• Natural Resources - https://www.energeticcity.ca/2020/09/not-much-there-
for-resource-sector-in-throne-speech-says-zimmer/
12. Pandemic Stimulus – Canada
Source - https://covid19.pbo-dpb.ca/#/en/costing-economic-response-plan--etablissement-des-couts-plan-intervention-economique or https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/even-with-slow-burn-pandemic-deficit-on-track-to-hit-330b-
pbo-1.1500931 or https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-fiscal-update-morneau-projects-3432-billion-deficit-federal-debt/ or https://www.canada.ca/en/department-finance/services/publications/economic-fiscal-
snapshot/summary.html or https://www.scotiabank.com/ca/en/about/economics/economics-publications/post.other-publications.fiscal-policy.fiscal-pulse.federal.federal-budget-analysis.federal-fiscal-update--july-8--2020-.html or
https://economics.bmo.com/en/publications/detail/bfc3da39-09a0-4c85-a1ce-94605da45117/
• Canada was already in a deficit position pre-covid19 -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/2019-election-fiscal-management-plan-conservative-
party-of-canada-ndp-green-party-of-canada-liberal-party-of-canada-ppc
• Many aspects of the stimulus package have either been wasted or poorly targeted -
https://www.fraserinstitute.org/article/poor-cerb-targeting-wastes-billions or
https://www.theglobeandmail.com/business/article-about-41-of-small-businesses-surveyed-
say-landlords-have-applied-for/
13. Deficit as % of GDP
Source - https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/entry/budget-deficit-canada_ca_5f89a94fc5b62dbe71c23326?ncid=other_twitter_cooo9wqtham&utm_campaign=share_twitter
14. Downgrading
of Debt
Source -
https://economics.bmo.com/
en/publications/detail/5f3625
7b-4df7-443b-b5d2-
c348e290327c/
Fitch Rating
itch Ratings - New York - 24 Jun 2020: Fitch Ratings has downgraded Canada's Long-Term Foreign Currency Issuer Default Rating
(IDR) to 'AA+' from 'AAA'. The Rating Outlook is Stable.
KEY RATING DRIVERS
The rating downgrade reflects the deterioration of Canada's public finances in 2020 resulting from the coronavirus pandemic.
Canada will run a much expanded general government deficit in 2020 and emerge from recession with much higher public debt
ratios. The higher deficit is largely driven by public spending to counteract a sharp fall in output as parts of the economy were
shuttered to contain the spread of the coronavirus. Although this will support recovery, the economy's investment and growth
prospects face challenges.
The Stable Outlook reflects Fitch's expectation that Canada's consolidated gross general government debt/GDP will stabilize
over the medium term, in line with the pre-coronavirus policies, and that the economy will gradually recover, supported by
significant counter-cyclical monetary and fiscal policies.
Canada's structural strengths also underpin the ratings. These include its advanced, well-diversified and high-income economy,
and Canada's political stability, strong governance and macro policy framework, which has delivered steady growth and low
inflation. Canada has a large positive net international investment position, driven by its foreign pension assets. However,
reliance on foreign portfolio flows to finance sustained current account deficits is a weakness, which has contributed to a
persistent and growing level of net external debt.
Source: https://www.fitchratings.com/research/sovereigns/fitch-downgrades-canada-ratings-to-aa-outlook-stable-24-06-2020
Summary
Lower bond rating means higher interest rates as bond raters will demand a premium for Cdn bonds
Trudeau was warned about the govt debt, but Morneau kept saying all was well -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/debt-and-insolvency-global-crisis
Trudeau has failed the goods producing sector with his carbon tax, small business tax reforms, excessive regulations, weak
infrastructure spending, etc. - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/what-is-going-on-with-canadas-competitiveness
Natural Resources were struggling since late last years as Trudeau stood back when there was blockades and other issues.
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/canada-natural-resources-sector-whats-next
16. Size of Government
Source - https://www.blacklocks.ca/average-staffer-costs-115k/
https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/pbo-more-spending-not-more-workers-driving-costs-for-federal-
employees-1.1492043
17. GDP / Growth
Source – BMO, Finance Canada, Scotiabank, CIBC, RBC and TD Economics
- Mining Nov/20 GDP had the highest growth compared to Oct/20.
- Retail Sales GDP Nov/20 were anemic despite Black Friday happening in November 2020.
- More and more people are holding on to their money.
Source - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/gdp-and-fiscal-management-canada-november-2020
20. Job Quality
Real strength? Sorry, but there is a job
quality issue!
The goods-producing sector continues
to lag other sectors in terms of jobs.
More needs to be done to designate key
products as critical to the health of the
economy.
Next-generation of jobs requires a high
degree of education and skills.
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungc
ga/employment-and-labour-market-
canada-february-2021
21. GDP / December 2020
Good to see Global focusing on one issue. Did @telfordk
provide the op-ed? The reality is there more parts to climate
which are not resolved by carbon taxes!
People are also getting tired of @JustinTrudeau and his failure
to make Canadians lives better.
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/key-macro-and-micro-
indicators-for-canada-december-2020-and-january-2021
22. Affordability
The rebate does not compensate for the complete pass-through of
the tax. This is more smoke and mirrors by @JustinTrudeau to
justify his carbon tax.
BTW: Are you going to cover the cost of living?
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/cost-of-living-canada-
february-2021
23. GDP and restructuring
• Many of the economies continue to be impacted by COVID19 –
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/scorecard-liberal-party-of-
canada-fiscal-and-economic
• Post-COVID 19 economy should include a focus on supply
management - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/scorecard-
liberal-party-of-canada-fiscal-and-economic
• Countries around the world are going need to push for trade reforms
including reforming of key groups like WHO and WTO –
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/global-economy-whats-
next
• All levels of governments around the world will require a
restructuring - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/public-
sector-how-to-reform-all-levels-of-government
24. Importance of Audits
• More oversight i.e. Infrastructure funding -
https://nationalpost.com/news/opposition-pushes-for-audit-of-
trudeaus-187b-infrastructure-plans-underscoring-weakened-
liberal-position-in-house or medical supplies -
https://thepostmillennial.com/trudeau-governments-medical-
equipment-blunder-cost-taxpayers-1-8-billion
• In times of fiscal crisis there is need for more oversight and audits
- https://ipolitics.ca/2020/05/12/auditor-general-says-lack-of-
funding-covid-19-demands-have-put-all-but-three-audits-on-
pause/
Source - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/the-importance-
of-value-for-money-and-perfomance-based-audits
25. Departmental Issues
1. Liberals have created a new entity called the Ocean Super cluster. This entity seems to be a duplicate of what work
is already being done through the fisheries agencies - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/aquaculture-fish-
farming-and-harvesting-analysis (see slide 17)
2. I have reviewed the coast guard and there are issues with the Coast Guard -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/government-policy-public-safety-canada-coast-guard
3. Trudeau has not been clear about 5G, especially in terms of contracts -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/global-security-threats-from-5g-leads-to-new-selection-of-5g-vendors
4. CRA needs to revisit its mandate in terms of auditing charities as well as shutting down tax havens -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/closing-down-of-tax-havens
5. I have seen little discussion on the cannabis policy including mental health as well as enforcement costs -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/government-policy-legalization-of-cannabis-canada
6. More work needs to be done to reform the delivery of healthcare -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/whats-next-for-global-healthcare-post-covid19
7. Liberals policies for the AG sector need to have a full review - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/whats-
next-for-farming-in-canada-analysis-of-economic-and-government-policies
8. eCommerce continues to expand as such so should the policies of the government -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/ecommerce-whats-next
9. The government needs a performance audit of its youth employment policies -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/canada-youth-development
10. There needs to be performance audit of CERB as part of moving people off of CERB -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/policy-analysis-guarantee-income
26. Departmental Issues
1. Commercial Rent - https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/trudeau-government-paying-84m-to-firm-employing-katie-telfords-husband-to-
manage-rent-assistance-aid-program?utm_term=Autofeed&utm_medium=Social&utm_source=Twitter#Echobox=1596846898 Trudeau government
paying $84M to firm employing Katie Telford's husband to manage rent assistance aid program. This another example of awarding friends without
having the AG do performance audits.- https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-spouse-of-pms-chief-of-staff-had-meeting-on-liberals-rent-
relief/
2. EV sales have been sluggish despite the government support - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/analysis-electrical-vehicle-market
3. Masks companies with no facilities - https://torontosun.com/news/national/questions-arise-about-quebec-companys-federal-contract-for-masks -
Other companies were already producing masks - https://betakit.com/ppe-manufacturer-the-canadian-shield-launches-new-surgical-mask-line/ or
https://www.dupont.ca/en/personal-protective-equipment.html
4. Foreign Aid – There are still issues with reporting including performance audits - The distribution of Foreign Aid is very important to countries as part of
helping developing countries improve water, education, farming practices, infrastructure, and other areas of their economy.
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/foreign-aid-bringing-more-accountability-transparency-and-oversight
5. Telefilm Canada releases its audit report - https://www.oag-
bvg.gc.ca/internet/English/mr_20200727_e_43597.html “We found that the corporation had some good
corporate management practices in place. However, we found areas for improvement in practices related to
board oversight; board independence; performance measurement, monitoring, and reporting; and risk
mitigation, monitoring, and reporting
6. Payroll management system - https://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/rsrcs/pblctns/2020-foag-pm/index-
en.aspx
7. Lack of oversight / Beirut mission - https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/publications/audits-
verification/2019/beirut-beyrouth.aspx?lang=eng
8. Audit of all COVID19 programs - https://www.todayville.com/191820-2/
27. Audits – Pandemic
• Liberals rushed out many
programs without the proper
controls
• Liberals pandemic plan was a
failure. The liberals never did
thorough testing of any of their
crisis management plans -
https://www.slideshare.net/pauly
oungcga/why-there-needs-to-be-
audited-reports-of-crisis-
emergency-management-
policies-and-procedures
• Many programs had issues with
delivery
28. PBO / Deficit
• CERB / extension cost “Eight more weeks of CERB to cost $17.9 billion,
budget officer says” https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/cerb-extension-pbo-
1.5623507
• Federal deficit will be much larger “The parliamentary budget officer says in a
new report that this year's federal deficit could hit $256 billion due to the
COVID-19 pandemic. The result, posted this morning, is the combination of
an estimated total of $169 billion in federal spending on emergency aid and a
historic drop in economic output. The budget office estimates the economy
could shrink by 6.8 per cent in 2020, the weakest showing since 1981 and
double the record of 3.2 per cent shrinkage in 1982. The overall deficit figure
is only $3.8 billion higher than budget officer Yves Giroux's previous
predictions, which his report says is due to a better economic outlook in the
second half of the year that offsets some new spending. ”
https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/federal-deficit-pbo-1.5617221
• Government will require restructuring as part of post-covid19 -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/transforming-the-public-sector-
canada
29. PBO
• Issues with losses at Crown Corporations -
https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/pbo-flags-high-borrowing-
unusual-losses-at-crown-corporations-in-report-1.5027186
• Paid leave / government -
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/pbo-report-699-
leave-during-covid-1.5661696 (Cost of leave has led to
$632M Productivity losses)
30. Paul Martin years
• It never seems to amaze me how little people research history. It is like they
take scripts from Liberals sites as the only source of the truth. The problem is
Liberals like any other party will not tell you the complete truth,
• https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/2019-election-fiscal-management-
canada-june-2019 (see slide 26)
• Slashed transfers – Trudeau had no issues with slashing transfers under Paul
Martin - https://www.macleans.ca/news/canada/justin-trudeau-weighs-in-on-
paul-martins-decision-to-slash-provincial-transfers/. Harper did fiscal discipline
and Trudeau calls that out - https://www.liberal.ca/growing-our-economy-ralph-
goodale/. No were does Trudeau and his team mention how Harper left $1B
surplus YTD Nov/15 - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/the-stephen-
harper-years-pm-of-canada
• Restructure EI including taking surpluses into operations -
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/government-broke-law-on-ei-financing-in-3-
years-top-court-1.750084
31. 1980-1982 Recession – Pierre Trudeau
• 1980-1982 Recession
• High interest rates
• Movement away from the branch manufacturing approach to
manufacturing
• High government debt and deficits
• https://www.cbc.ca/archives/entry/unemployment-reaches-all-time-high-in-
1982
Similarities
• 2020 will see labor force change due to automation - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/whats-next-for-
automation-private-and-public-sector
• Youth unemployment will be an issue due to many lacking the skills required for today and tomorrow’s workplace -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/automation-and-human-capital-management-human-resources
• Issue is not with interest rates, but the size of the debt - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/covid19-global-
debt-crisis-july-2020
• Inflation is creeping up in Canada but is nowhere near the 14% -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/affordability-analysis-and-commentary-canada-june-2020 . There are
issues with food prices as well as wage growth - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/analysis-wages-and-
employment-canada-may-2020
32. 2009 Recession
The Great Recession that began in 2008 led to some of the highest recorded rates of unemployment and home
foreclosures in the U.S. since the Great Depression. Catalyzed by the crisis in subprime mortgage-backed
securities, the crisis spread to mutual funds, pensions, and the corporations that owned these securities, with
widespread national and global impacts. Ten years after the onset of the crisis, the impacts on workers and
economic inequality persist. In a series of policy briefs, IRLE will highlight work by Berkeley faculty on the causes
and long-term effects of the Recession. In this brief, we review research from IRLE faculty affiliate and UC
Berkeley sociologist Neil Fligstein on the root causes of the Great Recession.
Source - https://irle.berkeley.edu/what-really-caused-the-great-recession/
Government action:
• Government did a stimulus as part of supporting the economy
• Loans to business
• Infrastructure spending
• Liberals backed by NDP and Bloc demanded the stimulus -
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/liberals-ndp-bloc-sign-deal-on-proposed-coalition-
1.700119
• Harper years - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/the-stephen-harper-years-pm-
of-canada
33. Failure of
Trudeaunomics
• The sad thing is the economy has been sliding for a few years due to Trudeaunomics being a failure!
• https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/failure-of-trudeaunomics
• Carbon tax and other changes have made things less affordable - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/justin-trudeau-
and-liberals-have-liberal-policies-made-things-more-affordable-for-canadians
• GDP growth pre-COVID was running at 2.0% which is about the same rate as the past 20 years -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/canada-slow-growth-liberal-party-of-canada-december-7-2016
• Trudeau introduce policies that did little to get goods to market or support small business -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/canada-whats-next-for-small-business or
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/canada-natural-resources-sector-whats-next
• There has been a job quality issues as Trudeau’s policies did little to support goods producing sector -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/job-quality-canada-235057299
• Trudeau continues to push guarantee income despite guarantee income being a failure around the world -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/is-guarantee-income-the-right-approach-for-canada-and-other-countries
34. Departmental Issues
1. Liberals have created a new entity called the Ocean Super cluster. This entity seems to be a duplicate of what work
is already being done through the fisheries agencies - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/aquaculture-fish-
farming-and-harvesting-analysis (see slide 17)
2. I have reviewed the coast guard and there are issues with the Coast Guard -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/government-policy-public-safety-canada-coast-guard
3. Trudeau has not been clear about 5G, especially in terms of contracts -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/global-security-threats-from-5g-leads-to-new-selection-of-5g-vendors
4. CRA needs to revisit its mandate in terms of auditing charities as well as shutting down tax havens -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/closing-down-of-tax-havens
5. I have seen little discussion on the cannabis policy including mental health as well as enforcement costs -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/government-policy-legalization-of-cannabis-canada
6. More work needs to be done to reform the delivery of healthcare -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/whats-next-for-global-healthcare-post-covid19
7. Liberals policies for the AG sector need to have a full review - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/whats-
next-for-farming-in-canada-analysis-of-economic-and-government-policies
8. eCommerce continues to expand as such so should the policies of the government -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/ecommerce-whats-next
9. The government needs a performance audit of its youth employment policies -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/canada-youth-development
10. There needs to be performance audit of CERB as part of moving people off of CERB -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/policy-analysis-guarantee-income
35. Departmental Issues
1. Commercial Rent - https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/trudeau-government-paying-84m-to-firm-employing-katie-telfords-
husband-to-manage-rent-assistance-aid-
program?utm_term=Autofeed&utm_medium=Social&utm_source=Twitter#Echobox=1596846898 Trudeau government paying $84M
to firm employing Katie Telford's husband to manage rent assistance aid program. This another example of awarding friends without
having the AG do performance audits. - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/policy-review-commercial-rent-subsidy-federal-
program-canada
2. EV sales have been sluggish despite the government support - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/analysis-electrical-vehicle-
market
3. Foreign Aid – There are still issues with reporting including performance audits - The distribution of Foreign Aid is very important to
countries as part of helping developing countries improve water, education, farming practices, infrastructure, and other areas of their
economy. https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/foreign-aid-bringing-more-accountability-transparency-and-oversight
4. Telefilm Canada releases its audit report - https://www.oag-
bvg.gc.ca/internet/English/mr_20200727_e_43597.html “We found that the corporation had
some good corporate management practices in place. However, we found areas for
improvement in practices related to board oversight; board independence; performance
measurement, monitoring, and reporting; and risk mitigation, monitoring, and reporting
5. Payroll management system - https://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/rsrcs/pblctns/2020-foag-
pm/index-en.aspx
6. Lack of oversight / Beirut mission - https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-
amc/publications/audits-verification/2019/beirut-beyrouth.aspx?lang=eng
7. Audit of all COVID19 programs - https://www.todayville.com/191820-2/
36. Departmental Issues
• Global Affairs went with higher contract with China firm vs lower bid from Canadian Firm
(scanning equipment) - https://nationalpost.com/opinion/john-ivison-ottawas-fig-leaf-excuse-for-inviting-chinese-x-
rays-into-canadas-embassies-just-blew-away
• Government continues to create new entities to managed moneys when existing programs like
Western Development fund could handle the moneys -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/market-food-protein-market-analysis-and-commentary
• Government has failed on the marijuana pardon system -
https://www.leafly.com/news/canada/canadas-marijuana-sentence-expungement-suspension-
program-is-failing-heres-why - “COVID19 did not help the process, but there was backlog before
COVID19”
• PBO / Tree Planting “The spending watchdog’s analysis suggests getting there is also going to
require more money, about $2.78 billion more, bringing the overall cost closer to $5.94 billion.” -
https://globalnews.ca/news/7606356/tree-planting-plan-cost/
37. Key Policy Review
• Indigenous Affairs - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/policies-and-affairs-indigenous-first-nations-analysis-
and-commentary
• Defense Spending - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/policy-analysis-defense-spending-canada
• EI - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/policy-analysis-employment-insurance-and-cerb-canada
• Cannabis - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/cannabis-legalization-canada-policy-analysis
• Innovation - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/how-best-to-support-business-startups
• Income inequality - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/pandemic-and-covid19-canada-and-the-world
• Post-Secondary Education - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/postsecondary-education-outcomes-canada
• Youth Employment - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/canada-and-youth-employment-analysis-and-
commentary
• Social Welfare and Housing - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/canadas-reforming-of-social-welfare-
programs
• Foreign Policies and Affairs - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/foreign-policies-and-affairs-middle-east-
238725972 or https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/policy-review-october-2020-immigration-and-refugees-
canada
• Pharmacare/drug production - https://www2.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/canada-biotech-and-pharmaceutical-
manufacturing
• Rail Transportation and Safety - https://www2.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/canada-rail-transportation-shipments-
and-safety-239477073
• Water Management - https://www2.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/water-management-and-systems-canada-and-the-
world
• Foreign Aid - https://www2.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/foreign-aid-how-to-improve-outcomes
• Gender equality - https://www2.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/women-and-the-great-2020-global-recession
• Emissions and Climate Change - https://www2.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/global-emissions-and-climate-change-
canada-and-the-world
38. Summary
• Canada will have a long road a head when it comes to fixing its economy and
fiscal management cycle by all levels of government -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/canada-gdp-and-economy-truth-
and-what-needs-to-change
• Canada will need a plan that deals with job quality, fdi, goods producing
sector, affordable housing, tax fairness and value for money social programs -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/transforming-the-economy-
postcovid19-canada-and-the-world
• Getting goods to market - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/how-to-
address-issues-facing-getting-goods-to-market
• Reforming Government - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/how-to-
reform-the-public-sector-in-canada-and-around-the-world
• Circular Economy – https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/how-to-best-
support-a-circular-economy
• Global Economy - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/what-is-next-for-
the-global-economy-october-2020
• Ethics, accountable, transparent, and honest government -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/governance-model-for-canada-are-
liberals-more-transparent-and-open or March 2021 -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/governance-model-canada-federal-
government-march-22-2021
• Transit - https://www2.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/transit-and-canada-
analysis-and-commentary
• September 2020 and October 2020 – Scorecard -
https://www2.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/scorecard-october-2020-and-
september-2020-canada or https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/key-
macro-and-micro-indicators-for-canada-december-2020-and-january-2021
39. Other
Sources
• If you like to learn
more about trade
and/or other
subjects as part of
your professional
learning and
development then
feel free to review
my material on
https://www.udemy.
com/ (search Paul
Young CPA CGA