This document summarizes 9 common types of wound dressings: gauze, transparent films, hydrogels, foams, hydrocolloids, calcium alginates, composites, collagen, and silicone. For each type, it provides a brief description of the material used, how it works to promote healing, and best uses for different kinds of wounds. The document was presented by Adarsh Kumar Choubey, Rahul Kumar, and Ashish Sharma to Dr. Priya Mahato.
This document discusses various wound dressing options and principles of wound care. It provides details on moist wound healing and compares different dressing types including transparent films, hydrocolloids, hydrogels, foams, and calcium alginates. Key factors in dressing selection are discussed such as wound characteristics, goals of care, and clinician competencies. The benefits and proper use of different dressing categories are outlined.
The document discusses various wound treatment options and dressing types. It begins by emphasizing the importance of treating the whole patient and developing an individualized care plan based on wound assessment. It then covers principles of moist wound healing and the development of moisture-balanced dressings to maintain a moist environment for healing. Various dressing types are described, including transparent films, hydrocolloids, hydrogels, and foam, outlining their characteristics and appropriate uses based on wound type and exudate levels. The goal is to select the right product based on wound assessment to optimize healing outcomes.
The document discusses different types of wound dressings, including hydrogel dressings which are used for dry wounds or wounds with minimal drainage due to their high water content. Hydrocolloid dressings form a moist environment to promote healing but cannot be used on infected wounds. Alginate dressings absorb moderate to high amounts of drainage from infected or non-infected wounds. Composite dressings have multiple layers and can be used for wounds with varying amounts of drainage or tissue types. Transparent film dressings conform easily, allow monitoring of the wound, and create a moist environment.
The document discusses various types of surgical dressings used to treat wounds. It describes the desired characteristics of wound dressings including promoting wound healing, comfortability, and cost-effectiveness. The main types of dressings discussed are non-adherent fabrics, absorptive dressings, occlusive dressings, hydrocolloids, hydrogels, and skin substitutes. Growth factors, antimicrobials, and maggot therapy are also summarized as topical treatments used to enhance wound healing.
This document discusses wound dressings and their uses. It begins by defining wound dressings as sterile pads that promote healing and prevent harm. It then describes various types of dressings including gauze, hydrocolloids, hydrogels, films, alginates, and collagens. It provides details on their compositions, functions, and appropriate uses for different wound types. The document also covers topics like wound cleansing, wet wrap therapy, and potential dressing complications.
This document provides information on surgical wound care, including definitions, classifications of surgical wounds, risk factors for complications, types of wound dressings and their uses, lotions for wound dressing, and the steps for wound dressing. It also outlines signs of infection and provides references. Surgical wounds are classified based on degree of contamination and appropriate dressings include hydrocolloid, transparent, alginate, collagen, hydrogel, composite, foam, and gauze dressings. Lotions used include saline, silver dressings, and antiseptic solutions. The process of wound dressing involves preparation, removal of old dressing, cleaning and redressing the wound, and post-procedure steps while maintaining aseptic technique.
This document provides information on surgical wound care, including:
- Classifying surgical wounds based on cleanliness from Class I (clean) to Class IV (dirty-infected).
- Risk factors for surgical wound complications include advanced wound classification, malnutrition, radiation therapy, and obesity.
- The appropriate dressing depends on wound type and includes hydrocolloid, transparent, alginate, collagen and foam dressings.
- Proper wound dressing involves cleaning and redressing using sterile technique to prevent infection.
Modern wound dressings aim to create and maintain a moist wound environment, which promotes healing. Traditionally, wet-to-dry gauze was used but is no longer widely used in the UK. Occlusive dressings retain wound exudate beneath them, which contains proteins and cytokines that facilitate healing. Low-adherent dressings allow exudate to pass through while maintaining a moist wound bed. Semipermeable films create a moist environment while being permeable to air and water vapor. Hydrocolloids form a gel on the wound surface to rehydrate tissue and promote healing. Foam dressings absorb exudate uniformly while allowing moisture and oxygen transfer. Antimicrobial dressings with silver or i
This document discusses various wound dressing options and principles of wound care. It provides details on moist wound healing and compares different dressing types including transparent films, hydrocolloids, hydrogels, foams, and calcium alginates. Key factors in dressing selection are discussed such as wound characteristics, goals of care, and clinician competencies. The benefits and proper use of different dressing categories are outlined.
The document discusses various wound treatment options and dressing types. It begins by emphasizing the importance of treating the whole patient and developing an individualized care plan based on wound assessment. It then covers principles of moist wound healing and the development of moisture-balanced dressings to maintain a moist environment for healing. Various dressing types are described, including transparent films, hydrocolloids, hydrogels, and foam, outlining their characteristics and appropriate uses based on wound type and exudate levels. The goal is to select the right product based on wound assessment to optimize healing outcomes.
The document discusses different types of wound dressings, including hydrogel dressings which are used for dry wounds or wounds with minimal drainage due to their high water content. Hydrocolloid dressings form a moist environment to promote healing but cannot be used on infected wounds. Alginate dressings absorb moderate to high amounts of drainage from infected or non-infected wounds. Composite dressings have multiple layers and can be used for wounds with varying amounts of drainage or tissue types. Transparent film dressings conform easily, allow monitoring of the wound, and create a moist environment.
The document discusses various types of surgical dressings used to treat wounds. It describes the desired characteristics of wound dressings including promoting wound healing, comfortability, and cost-effectiveness. The main types of dressings discussed are non-adherent fabrics, absorptive dressings, occlusive dressings, hydrocolloids, hydrogels, and skin substitutes. Growth factors, antimicrobials, and maggot therapy are also summarized as topical treatments used to enhance wound healing.
This document discusses wound dressings and their uses. It begins by defining wound dressings as sterile pads that promote healing and prevent harm. It then describes various types of dressings including gauze, hydrocolloids, hydrogels, films, alginates, and collagens. It provides details on their compositions, functions, and appropriate uses for different wound types. The document also covers topics like wound cleansing, wet wrap therapy, and potential dressing complications.
This document provides information on surgical wound care, including definitions, classifications of surgical wounds, risk factors for complications, types of wound dressings and their uses, lotions for wound dressing, and the steps for wound dressing. It also outlines signs of infection and provides references. Surgical wounds are classified based on degree of contamination and appropriate dressings include hydrocolloid, transparent, alginate, collagen, hydrogel, composite, foam, and gauze dressings. Lotions used include saline, silver dressings, and antiseptic solutions. The process of wound dressing involves preparation, removal of old dressing, cleaning and redressing the wound, and post-procedure steps while maintaining aseptic technique.
This document provides information on surgical wound care, including:
- Classifying surgical wounds based on cleanliness from Class I (clean) to Class IV (dirty-infected).
- Risk factors for surgical wound complications include advanced wound classification, malnutrition, radiation therapy, and obesity.
- The appropriate dressing depends on wound type and includes hydrocolloid, transparent, alginate, collagen and foam dressings.
- Proper wound dressing involves cleaning and redressing using sterile technique to prevent infection.
Modern wound dressings aim to create and maintain a moist wound environment, which promotes healing. Traditionally, wet-to-dry gauze was used but is no longer widely used in the UK. Occlusive dressings retain wound exudate beneath them, which contains proteins and cytokines that facilitate healing. Low-adherent dressings allow exudate to pass through while maintaining a moist wound bed. Semipermeable films create a moist environment while being permeable to air and water vapor. Hydrocolloids form a gel on the wound surface to rehydrate tissue and promote healing. Foam dressings absorb exudate uniformly while allowing moisture and oxygen transfer. Antimicrobial dressings with silver or i
The document discusses wound dressing for diabetic foot ulcers. It covers debridement to clean the wound, selection of appropriate dressings based on wound characteristics, and functions of different dressing types. The main points are:
Wound dressing involves debridement to remove dead tissue, selection of a non-adherent primary layer followed by an absorbent secondary layer to manage exudate, and use of a retaining layer such as tape. Proper dressing can help prevent infection and support healing. A variety of dressing types serve different purposes like absorbing exudate or maintaining a moist environment. Dressing selection depends on factors like wound type, cost, and availability of materials.
This document summarizes the history and types of surgical dressings. It discusses how dressings have evolved from simple cloths to advanced engineered skin substitutes. The key types of dressings covered are dry dressings, moisture-keeping dressings, bioactive dressings, and skin substitutes. Examples of commonly used dressings like gauze, foams, hydrocolloids, and alginates are provided along with their characteristics and uses.
Can a small cut in the skin lead to life threatening wound infection? Underst...Med724
Almost each one of us has or will experience an open wound at some point in life. Cut with sharp objects or tools, falls, accidents involving vehicles are some of the common causes of wounds. An injury which breaks the surface of skin (break in body tissue) leads to an open wound.
Most of us don’t bother to take care or care minimum (unless it’s a major injury) if there is a cut or injury to the skin as this a very normal thing associated with our daily life. But an open wound unattended whether minor or major can lead to serious complications. So watch out!
Let’s explore to understand wound infection better and prevent serious health complications
This document provides information on different types of surgical dressings and wound care. It discusses the purpose and properties of an ideal dressing. It describes commonly used dressings like gauze, foams, films, hydrocolloids, hydrogels, alginates, skin substitutes, and vacuum assisted closure devices. The document also covers the selection and classification of dressings based on wound type and properties like absorbency, adherence, moisture retention and more.
a piece of soft material that covers and protects an injured part of the body.
A cloth pad or dressing(with or without medication) applied firmly to some part of the body (to relieve discomfort or reduce fever)
1) The document discusses various wound care products and their uses. It describes phases of wound healing and fundamentals of wound care.
2) It provides details on different dressing types including hydrocolloids, calcium alginates, hydrogels, foams, silver products, collagen dressings, film dressings, and bioengineered skin substitutes.
3) The document advises that the appropriate product depends on factors like the wound's needs to promote healing, practical considerations, and the patient's situation.
This document discusses the features and functions that wound dressings should provide. It lists several key functions like maintaining a moist environment, absorbing exudate, providing protection and allowing gas/fluid exchange. It then describes different types of common wound dressings like gauze, paraffin, semipermeable films, hydrocolloids, hydrogels, alginates, foam dressings, silver coated antimicrobial dressings, and low adherence dressings. For each type, it provides details on composition, usage, and examples of specific products.
The document discusses various surgical aids used in wound dressing and surgery. It describes different types of surgical dressings like gauze, bandages, adhesive tapes that are used as primary or secondary dressings. It also discusses absorbable and non-absorbable sutures and ligatures made of catgut, silk, polyglycolic acid. Other aids mentioned are gelatin sponges, meshes for hernia repair and different surgical staplers. The document provides classifications and properties of these various aids and concludes emphasizing on addressing the cause of wound and principles of moist wound healing.
Wound Dressing Types By Doctor faarwqewqeqweqwTalha Khurshid
This document provides information on different types of wound dressings. It begins by describing the stages of wound healing to provide context for dressing selection. It then discusses how to assess a wound and consider factors like dressing action, application/removal, and ideal properties. Specific dressing types are outlined like simple island dressings for closed wounds, films/membranes for visibility/breathability, moist dressings like hydrocolloids and hydrogels, and absorbent dressings. Details on characteristics, uses, and examples are provided for different categories of dressings.
Chapter 19 Wound Management, Stoma And Incontinence Productsdunerafael
The document discusses various wound management products including dressings, bandages, tapes, and modern wound care products. It describes different types of wounds such as necrotic, sloughy, granulating, and infected wounds. It also summarizes different types of dressings including absorbent, non-adherent, perforated film, and charcoal dressings. Modern wound products discussed include vapor-permeable films and foams made from polyurethane or silicone that absorb exudate from wounds.
The document discusses the evolution of wound care theories and dressings from the 1940s to present. It reviews different types of wound debridement and various wound dressings including foams, films, alginates, hydrogels, and antimicrobials. Newer bioengineered skin substitutes are also examined that utilize growth factors, fibroblasts, and other components to accelerate healing. The key principles of wound care highlighted are maintaining a moist environment, removing dead tissue, managing infection, and selecting dressings appropriate for the wound type and patient needs.
The document discusses wound dressing basics and moist wound healing. It emphasizes the importance of thorough wound cleansing and maintaining a moist environment to promote healing. Various dressing types are described, including their properties, advantages, and appropriate uses. Autolytic debridement using dressings to maintain a moist wound surface is highlighted as an effective method. Bacterial balance and bioburden in chronic wounds are also addressed.
Surgical dressings are applied to wounds to promote healing and prevent infection. There are several types of dressings that can be used depending on the wound characteristics. Dry dressings like gauze absorb moisture from wounds while moisture-keeping dressings like hydrocolloids maintain a moist environment to speed healing. Bioactive dressings enhance healing through antimicrobial properties or growth factors. Advanced options include skin substitutes using human amniotic membrane or engineered tissues to replace skin functions temporarily. Selection of the appropriate dressing depends on factors like exudate level, wound bed condition, and desired properties.
Surgical Dressing Pharm-1203. Dept of PharmacyMohammadArman45
Surgical dressing - a loosely woven cotton dressing for incisions made
during surgery. A dressing is a sterile pad or compress applied to a wound to
promote healing and protect the wound from further harm. A dressing is designed
to be in direct contact with the wound, as distinguished from a bandage, which is
most often used to hold a dressing in place. Many modern dressings are selfadhesive.
Several types of interactive products are: semi-permeable film dressings, semipermeable
foam dressings, hydrogel dressings, hydrocolloid dressings, and alginate
dressings.Absorption of exudate, to regulate the moisture level surrounding the woundfor
example, dry gauzes absorb exudate strongly, drying the wound,
hydrocolloids maintain a moist environment and film dressings do not absorb
exudate;
Gas permeability and exchange, especially with regard to oxygen and water
vapour;
Maintaining the optimum temperature to encourage healing;
Mechanically debriding a wound to remove slough
Chapter 19 Wound Management, Stoma And Incontinence Productsdunerafael
This document summarizes different types of wound dressings and products. It describes 6 types of wounds and discusses traditional dressings like absorbents, bandages, and elastic hosiery. It also covers modern wound management products like vapor-permeable films, foams, foam film dressings, and polysaccharide beads. These new products help manage exudate levels and promote wound healing through features like absorption and moisture regulation. The document provides details on specific products within each category.
Cicatrization of wounds a product comparisonMahfuz Ashraf
If regeneration is a direct consequence of the loss of tissue and initiated by an internal factor, the cicatrization of a wound protected against all external irritation must take place normally.
What treatment devices are we using in practice?
WOUNDS AND DRESSINGS
Definition
Skin Anatomy
Wound healing
Primary intention,Secondary intention,Tertiary intention
Non healing ulcers / chronic ulcers
Causes for non-healing ulcers
Treatment for chronic ulcers
Wound dressings
When to change dressings
Things to Avoid in chronic wounds
Current management of acute cutaneous wounds nejmshimaken
This document summarizes current concepts in the management of acute cutaneous wounds. It discusses general principles of wound care including thorough cleansing, maintaining a moist environment, and use of appropriate dressings. It then provides guidance on treating specific types of wounds such as abrasions, lacerations, skin tears, plantar puncture wounds, mammalian bites, and subungual hematomas. The recommendations are based on randomized trials when available, but also draw from observational studies and expert opinion. The overall goal is to achieve rapid healing with optimal functional and aesthetic results.
This document discusses wound dressings and their uses. It begins by outlining the four phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammatory, proliferative, and maturation. It then discusses the benefits of moisture and warmth in wound healing. Various types of dressings are described, including hydrocolloid, hydrogel, foam, alginates, films, and medicated dressings containing silver or iodine. Factors such as exudate level and wound characteristics are outlined in selecting the appropriate dressing type. The document concludes by mentioning wound drainage needs, pressure sores, and references used.
The document discusses wound dressing for diabetic foot ulcers. It covers debridement to clean the wound, selection of appropriate dressings based on wound characteristics, and functions of different dressing types. The main points are:
Wound dressing involves debridement to remove dead tissue, selection of a non-adherent primary layer followed by an absorbent secondary layer to manage exudate, and use of a retaining layer such as tape. Proper dressing can help prevent infection and support healing. A variety of dressing types serve different purposes like absorbing exudate or maintaining a moist environment. Dressing selection depends on factors like wound type, cost, and availability of materials.
This document summarizes the history and types of surgical dressings. It discusses how dressings have evolved from simple cloths to advanced engineered skin substitutes. The key types of dressings covered are dry dressings, moisture-keeping dressings, bioactive dressings, and skin substitutes. Examples of commonly used dressings like gauze, foams, hydrocolloids, and alginates are provided along with their characteristics and uses.
Can a small cut in the skin lead to life threatening wound infection? Underst...Med724
Almost each one of us has or will experience an open wound at some point in life. Cut with sharp objects or tools, falls, accidents involving vehicles are some of the common causes of wounds. An injury which breaks the surface of skin (break in body tissue) leads to an open wound.
Most of us don’t bother to take care or care minimum (unless it’s a major injury) if there is a cut or injury to the skin as this a very normal thing associated with our daily life. But an open wound unattended whether minor or major can lead to serious complications. So watch out!
Let’s explore to understand wound infection better and prevent serious health complications
This document provides information on different types of surgical dressings and wound care. It discusses the purpose and properties of an ideal dressing. It describes commonly used dressings like gauze, foams, films, hydrocolloids, hydrogels, alginates, skin substitutes, and vacuum assisted closure devices. The document also covers the selection and classification of dressings based on wound type and properties like absorbency, adherence, moisture retention and more.
a piece of soft material that covers and protects an injured part of the body.
A cloth pad or dressing(with or without medication) applied firmly to some part of the body (to relieve discomfort or reduce fever)
1) The document discusses various wound care products and their uses. It describes phases of wound healing and fundamentals of wound care.
2) It provides details on different dressing types including hydrocolloids, calcium alginates, hydrogels, foams, silver products, collagen dressings, film dressings, and bioengineered skin substitutes.
3) The document advises that the appropriate product depends on factors like the wound's needs to promote healing, practical considerations, and the patient's situation.
This document discusses the features and functions that wound dressings should provide. It lists several key functions like maintaining a moist environment, absorbing exudate, providing protection and allowing gas/fluid exchange. It then describes different types of common wound dressings like gauze, paraffin, semipermeable films, hydrocolloids, hydrogels, alginates, foam dressings, silver coated antimicrobial dressings, and low adherence dressings. For each type, it provides details on composition, usage, and examples of specific products.
The document discusses various surgical aids used in wound dressing and surgery. It describes different types of surgical dressings like gauze, bandages, adhesive tapes that are used as primary or secondary dressings. It also discusses absorbable and non-absorbable sutures and ligatures made of catgut, silk, polyglycolic acid. Other aids mentioned are gelatin sponges, meshes for hernia repair and different surgical staplers. The document provides classifications and properties of these various aids and concludes emphasizing on addressing the cause of wound and principles of moist wound healing.
Wound Dressing Types By Doctor faarwqewqeqweqwTalha Khurshid
This document provides information on different types of wound dressings. It begins by describing the stages of wound healing to provide context for dressing selection. It then discusses how to assess a wound and consider factors like dressing action, application/removal, and ideal properties. Specific dressing types are outlined like simple island dressings for closed wounds, films/membranes for visibility/breathability, moist dressings like hydrocolloids and hydrogels, and absorbent dressings. Details on characteristics, uses, and examples are provided for different categories of dressings.
Chapter 19 Wound Management, Stoma And Incontinence Productsdunerafael
The document discusses various wound management products including dressings, bandages, tapes, and modern wound care products. It describes different types of wounds such as necrotic, sloughy, granulating, and infected wounds. It also summarizes different types of dressings including absorbent, non-adherent, perforated film, and charcoal dressings. Modern wound products discussed include vapor-permeable films and foams made from polyurethane or silicone that absorb exudate from wounds.
The document discusses the evolution of wound care theories and dressings from the 1940s to present. It reviews different types of wound debridement and various wound dressings including foams, films, alginates, hydrogels, and antimicrobials. Newer bioengineered skin substitutes are also examined that utilize growth factors, fibroblasts, and other components to accelerate healing. The key principles of wound care highlighted are maintaining a moist environment, removing dead tissue, managing infection, and selecting dressings appropriate for the wound type and patient needs.
The document discusses wound dressing basics and moist wound healing. It emphasizes the importance of thorough wound cleansing and maintaining a moist environment to promote healing. Various dressing types are described, including their properties, advantages, and appropriate uses. Autolytic debridement using dressings to maintain a moist wound surface is highlighted as an effective method. Bacterial balance and bioburden in chronic wounds are also addressed.
Surgical dressings are applied to wounds to promote healing and prevent infection. There are several types of dressings that can be used depending on the wound characteristics. Dry dressings like gauze absorb moisture from wounds while moisture-keeping dressings like hydrocolloids maintain a moist environment to speed healing. Bioactive dressings enhance healing through antimicrobial properties or growth factors. Advanced options include skin substitutes using human amniotic membrane or engineered tissues to replace skin functions temporarily. Selection of the appropriate dressing depends on factors like exudate level, wound bed condition, and desired properties.
Surgical Dressing Pharm-1203. Dept of PharmacyMohammadArman45
Surgical dressing - a loosely woven cotton dressing for incisions made
during surgery. A dressing is a sterile pad or compress applied to a wound to
promote healing and protect the wound from further harm. A dressing is designed
to be in direct contact with the wound, as distinguished from a bandage, which is
most often used to hold a dressing in place. Many modern dressings are selfadhesive.
Several types of interactive products are: semi-permeable film dressings, semipermeable
foam dressings, hydrogel dressings, hydrocolloid dressings, and alginate
dressings.Absorption of exudate, to regulate the moisture level surrounding the woundfor
example, dry gauzes absorb exudate strongly, drying the wound,
hydrocolloids maintain a moist environment and film dressings do not absorb
exudate;
Gas permeability and exchange, especially with regard to oxygen and water
vapour;
Maintaining the optimum temperature to encourage healing;
Mechanically debriding a wound to remove slough
Chapter 19 Wound Management, Stoma And Incontinence Productsdunerafael
This document summarizes different types of wound dressings and products. It describes 6 types of wounds and discusses traditional dressings like absorbents, bandages, and elastic hosiery. It also covers modern wound management products like vapor-permeable films, foams, foam film dressings, and polysaccharide beads. These new products help manage exudate levels and promote wound healing through features like absorption and moisture regulation. The document provides details on specific products within each category.
Cicatrization of wounds a product comparisonMahfuz Ashraf
If regeneration is a direct consequence of the loss of tissue and initiated by an internal factor, the cicatrization of a wound protected against all external irritation must take place normally.
What treatment devices are we using in practice?
WOUNDS AND DRESSINGS
Definition
Skin Anatomy
Wound healing
Primary intention,Secondary intention,Tertiary intention
Non healing ulcers / chronic ulcers
Causes for non-healing ulcers
Treatment for chronic ulcers
Wound dressings
When to change dressings
Things to Avoid in chronic wounds
Current management of acute cutaneous wounds nejmshimaken
This document summarizes current concepts in the management of acute cutaneous wounds. It discusses general principles of wound care including thorough cleansing, maintaining a moist environment, and use of appropriate dressings. It then provides guidance on treating specific types of wounds such as abrasions, lacerations, skin tears, plantar puncture wounds, mammalian bites, and subungual hematomas. The recommendations are based on randomized trials when available, but also draw from observational studies and expert opinion. The overall goal is to achieve rapid healing with optimal functional and aesthetic results.
This document discusses wound dressings and their uses. It begins by outlining the four phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammatory, proliferative, and maturation. It then discusses the benefits of moisture and warmth in wound healing. Various types of dressings are described, including hydrocolloid, hydrogel, foam, alginates, films, and medicated dressings containing silver or iodine. Factors such as exudate level and wound characteristics are outlined in selecting the appropriate dressing type. The document concludes by mentioning wound drainage needs, pressure sores, and references used.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Adhd Medication Shortage Uk - trinexpharmacy.comreignlana06
The UK is currently facing a Adhd Medication Shortage Uk, which has left many patients and their families grappling with uncertainty and frustration. ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a chronic condition that requires consistent medication to manage effectively. This shortage has highlighted the critical role these medications play in the daily lives of those affected by ADHD. Contact : +1 (747) 209 – 3649 E-mail : sales@trinexpharmacy.com
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Kat...rightmanforbloodline
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kol...rightmanforbloodline
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kolb, Ian Q. Whishaw, Verified Chapters 1 - 16, Complete Newest Versio
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kolb, Ian Q. Whishaw, Verified Chapters 1 - 16, Complete Newest Version
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kolb, Ian Q. Whishaw, Verified Chapters 1 - 16, Complete Newest Version
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune DiseaseHealth Advances
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptxTina Purnat
• Pitfalls and pivots needed to use AI effectively in public health
• Evidence-based strategies to address health misinformation effectively
• Building trust with communities online and offline
• Equipping health professionals to address questions, concerns and health misinformation
• Assessing risk and mitigating harm from adverse health narratives in communities, health workforce and health system
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptx
FIRST AID PPT.pptx
1. Presentation about type of dressing
Presented by-
-Adarsh Kumar Choubey
-Rahul Kumar
-Ashish Sharma
Presented To-DR Priya Mahato
2. A dressing is a sterile pad or compress
applied to a wound to promote healing
and protect the wound from further
harm. A dressing is designed to be in
direct contact with the wound, as
distinguished from a bandage, which is
most often used to hold a dressing in
place. Many modern dressings are self-
adhesive.
3. There are 9 types of dressing…..
1.Gauze
2.Transparent Films
3.Hydrogels
4.Foams
5.Hydrocolloids
6.Calcium Alginates
7.Composites
8.Collagen
9.Silicone
presented by - Adarsh kumar
choubey
presented by - Rahul kumar
presentred by - Ashish sharma
4. Gauze, or cloth dressings, are the most commonly used and readily
available wound dressings out there today. They can be made from woven
or nonwoven silk, linen, polyester, rayon, or cotton causing them to be
highly permeable. This type of material is non-occlusive meaning it does not
seal on the skin, allowing blood, water, and air to easily pass through. This
dressing easily helps the wound dry out, minimizing exudate, the fluid
leaking from the wound.
Gauze can come in many different shapes and sizes that can be easily
adapted to fit the wound. There are sterile and non-sterile varieties. There
are also those with or without an adhesive border. You can use it on
anything from a small finger injury to a wound that extends across the
body.
• 1.Gauze sponge: This type of gauze is typically made from 100% cotton,
and is commonly used to absorb blood or other fluids.
• 2.Gauze bandage roll: Also used for all types of wounds, the gauze
roll can be used as a first layer or added layer on a wound. The 100% cotton
roll can be wrapped around limbs on the head and is especially useful for
5. Transparent film dressings are clear
polyurethane thin sheets that have an
adhesive coating on one side that sticks to the
skin. The coating sticks to the skin around
the injury which is dry but does not adhere to
the wound itself due to its reaction with the
wound exudate.
Transparent dressings can be used as either a
first or second securement layer on the injury.
This is a commonly used dressing that a
doctor will apply when they want to keep
track of a wound.
6. Hydrogels are meant to soothe wounds, reduce pain, help
heal, and fight infection. This wound dressing is made of 80
to 99% water or glycerin, adding moisture to dry wounds.
By adding moisture to the area, Hydrogels enable faster
healing by breaking down tissue that is dry and dead and
promoting cell growth.
Hydrogels are best used for dry wounds that need to heal,
as well as those with eschar. It is best used for those
injuries which have little to no fluid excreted. It is also
helpful to use hydrogels for wounds that are especially
painful.
7. Another common type of dressing is foam dressings. Foams are made of
foamed polymer, usually polyurethane, and made into sheets or other
shapes. They have open cells which can hold fluids, enabling
absorbency. But the extent of absorbency is based on the thickness and
composition of the foams. Foams absorb the excess fluids as well as
keep the area moist at the same time, allowing for faster healing as
well. The ultra-soft nature of the material also helps cushion the injury,
protecting it from further harm.
These dressings can sometimes come pre-soaked in solutions, or
combined with other materials. They can easily be removed because
the contact with the wound is non-adhesive.
Best Uses: Foams help prevent bad odors, as well as moderate to heavy
discharge. They are ideal for both partially-thick and full-thickness
wounds, and both serious and unserious wounds. You can also use
foams for pressure injuries.
8. Hydrocolloid dressings are made up of hydrophilic colloidal
particles. These can include gelatin, pectin, and cellulose.
These materials allow for flexibility, which means greater
comfort for all skin types. The wound dressings have secure
backings made up of a film or foam self-adhesive, making
them non-breathable, not to mention easy to apply. By
creating a sealed, moist wound environment, hydrocolloids
can keep the wound clean, prevent infection, and speed up
the healing process.
Best Uses: You can use hydrocolloids for burns, necrotic
injuries, with compression wraps, wounds with light to
moderate drainage, and on venous or pressure ulcers. They
are effective for autolytic debridement.
9. This type of dressing is made of brown seaweed fibers and sodium, making
them biodegradable. Calcium alginates can absorb up to twenty times its
weight. This high absorbency makes it ideal for sucking out the moisture from
a deeply tunneled wound. Like hydrocolloids, alginates react with the
exudate, creating a gel-like substance which enables the injury to heal
quicker. You can find alginates in three varieties:
Sheets: These may be put on the wound bed to absorb the draining fluids.
Ropes: This variety tightly fills tunnels or areas under the skin which have
become eroded, i.e. areas of undermining.
Applicators: With tips of alginate, applicators are used to probe the lesion,
occupy cavities and tunnels, to obtain swab cultures, and to measure the
depth of the wound.
Best Uses: These macroalgae can be very absorbent, which makes it perfect
for those wet injuries which have a lot of drainages. This means extreme or
deep wounds, including burns, packing wounds, venous ulcers, or higher-state
pressure ulcers. Alginate dressings need to be changed often due to the
amount of fluid they will absorb.
10. Composite dressings, also known as combination dressings, are multi-layered.
They can be used as either the primary dressing or secondary dressing. Typically
the composite dressing consists of three layers:
Inner layer: The contact layer is non-adherent, which keeps the injury safe
during dressing changes.
Middle layer: This layer is absorptive, taking away moisture from the wound to
avoid maceration, but still keeping the environment hydrated. This layer can be
made of alginate, hydrogel, semi-permeable foam, or hydrocolloid.
Outer layer: A barrier for bacteria, this protective outer layer is imperative for the
prevention of infection. It is often made of a semi-permeable film.
Best Uses: These dressings don’t have as many uses as many other types, due to
their prepackaged nature. However, they can be used on light to heavy wounds.
Be extra careful if you have dry or sensitive skin. Check with the manufacturer to
be sure the composite dressing can be used on an infected wound site.
11. Collagen dressings are a bit different than most other dressings
because they act as a temporary second skin. Having this second
skin enables new cells to accumulate, grow, and become
sustainable. Without such a dressing, the amount of time that the
wound would heal would take much more time. Not only that, but
collagen helps with the removal of dead tissue, the formation of new
blood vessels, and the tightening of the edges of the site.
Best Uses: Collagen dressings are mostly used for chronic wounds
that have a very slow or completely stalled rate of healing. You can
use them on transplant sites, pressure sores, burns, ulcers, surgical
sites, or large surface area injuries.
12. Silicone is a common synthetic polymer that has a lot of applications in this day and age. In
dressing form, soft silicone is tacky, allowing it to form a tight seal that repels water. The
tackiness of the silicone allows it to be reapplied several times without losing its adhesion. It
will not stick to the wound though, and will not create further damage. Additionally, silicone
has anti-bacterial properties and is adhesive to even fragile or dry skin.
Silicone dressings are comfortable, and reduce pain and trauma in injuries during the
changing of dressings. It doesn’t leave a residue, making it easy to work with. Though they can
be helpful in wound dressing, they can be expensive.
Best Uses: Topical silicone gel sheets are said to prevent keloids or excessive scar tissue. This
happens through the prevention of moisture penetrating the wound. With less moisture, there
is less blood flow and therefore less collagen in the area. Since collagen is the material scars
are made of, the absences of it will cause the skin to be paler, making the scar less apparent.