1. FIRST AIDFIRST AID
A brief introductionA brief introduction
Dr Ch Mohammad kamranDr Ch Mohammad kamran
M.B.B.S F.C.P.SM.B.B.S F.C.P.S
Consultant General & Trauma surgeonConsultant General & Trauma surgeon
jinnah hospital Lahore.jinnah hospital Lahore.
2. Aims & ObjectivesAims & Objectives
• To know the base line knowledge of houseTo know the base line knowledge of house
&&
augment the shortcomingsaugment the shortcomings
&&
Delete the unnecessaryDelete the unnecessary
mythsmyths
3. Aims & objectivesAims & objectives
At the end of lecture the house would beAt the end of lecture the house would be
able to perform the fist aid procedure andable to perform the fist aid procedure and
should be able to tell others about theshould be able to tell others about the
basic concepts .basic concepts .
4. How we achieve these objectivesHow we achieve these objectives
By making the secessionBy making the secession
InteractiveInteractive
5. IntroductionIntroduction
• Provision of basic life support at the place ofProvision of basic life support at the place of
incidence.incidence.
It may be aIt may be a
• FallFall
• RTARTA
• BurnBurn
• Vasovagal attackVasovagal attack
• A Hysterical conversion reactionA Hysterical conversion reaction
6. HistoryHistory
• Back in early 1970sBack in early 1970s
• A orthopedic surgeon crashed his plane atA orthopedic surgeon crashed his plane at
some remote place in Usasome remote place in Usa
• What he saw at the site of incidence & atWhat he saw at the site of incidence & at
the near by hospitalthe near by hospital
No one was trained for evenNo one was trained for even
basic life support ……...basic life support ……...
7. HistoryHistory
• He him self gave the first aid to his family at theHe him self gave the first aid to his family at the
site of accident was far superior than the first aidsite of accident was far superior than the first aid
given even in the hospitalgiven even in the hospital
• So he gave the concept of training the doctorsSo he gave the concept of training the doctors
,nurses ,paramedics ,rescuers and the general,nurses ,paramedics ,rescuers and the general
populationpopulation
• Different courses.Different courses.
8. What should be the firstWhat should be the first
• Don't be panicDon't be panic
10. StartStart
• Assume that you are the person who canAssume that you are the person who can
help ,because you have got the training tohelp ,because you have got the training to
handle the problem. till the rescue comeshandle the problem. till the rescue comes
in.in.
11. Contd…..Contd…..
Time is very importantTime is very important
Brain has got only few minutes ,to reviveBrain has got only few minutes ,to revive
Person is unconscious if no o2 for one minPerson is unconscious if no o2 for one min
13. AirwayAirway
• Check it is clear …….Check it is clear …….
open the mouth and clear it fromopen the mouth and clear it from
any FBany FB
it may be a piece ofit may be a piece of
cloth ,a glass ,or mud etccloth ,a glass ,or mud etc
if clear move to Bif clear move to B
14. BreathingBreathing
Patient is breathing or not ,just check that airPatient is breathing or not ,just check that air
is coming in and out from the mouth oris coming in and out from the mouth or
nose ,nose ,
Chest is moving or notChest is moving or not
If no movement …………start CPR……If no movement …………start CPR……
Will discuss…..Will discuss…..
If yes move to CIf yes move to C
15. CirculationCirculation
• Check the pulse ,Check the pulse ,
• RadialRadial
• CarotidCarotid
if yes……..relaxif yes……..relax
if no ……start CPRif no ……start CPR
Imp… heart stops after the breathing …so don'tImp… heart stops after the breathing …so don't
think no breathing no circulation.think no breathing no circulation.
17. CPRCPR
Mouth to mouth breathingMouth to mouth breathing
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Cardiac compressionCardiac compression
Aim is to give 02 and to pump the blood toAim is to give 02 and to pump the blood to
brain.brain.
18. What is important in CPRWhat is important in CPR
• You don't know the status of neck bonesYou don't know the status of neck bones
• If there is injury to neck bone (cervicalIf there is injury to neck bone (cervical
spine) it can cause total loss of bodyspine) it can cause total loss of body
control………control………
• Be carefulBe careful
19. How we support the spineHow we support the spine
• hard Cervical collar……….idealhard Cervical collar……….ideal
• You can ask some one to support theYou can ask some one to support the
head while you are performing the CPRhead while you are performing the CPR
20. Shifting of patientShifting of patient
• Support the neckSupport the neck
• Contd.. CPRContd.. CPR
• Till you reach the hospital if no facility ofTill you reach the hospital if no facility of
rescue servicesrescue services
21. Few other imp thingsFew other imp things
• Look for any bleeding ………..giveLook for any bleeding ………..give
compressioncompression
• Look for any deformity ……….fractureLook for any deformity ……….fracture
give some support ,keep it straight .give some support ,keep it straight .
22. Things not to doThings not to do
• Don't try to keep the patient up rightDon't try to keep the patient up right
• Don’t put water or any eatable in theDon’t put water or any eatable in the
mouth ,it can chock the personmouth ,it can chock the person
23. burnburn
• Before that remove the person from theBefore that remove the person from the
scenescene
• Same ABC for serious patientsSame ABC for serious patients
• For small burns ,keep them under coldFor small burns ,keep them under cold
water ,if not available tap waterwater ,if not available tap water
• Don't try to put paste or other thingsDon't try to put paste or other things
• Remember water will decrease the burnRemember water will decrease the burn
injury.injury.
24. BurnBurn
• In case of electric burn ………….off theIn case of electric burn ………….off the
main supplymain supply
• And treat accordingly………….try quicklyAnd treat accordingly………….try quickly
hospital helphospital help
• A electric injury can kill by heartA electric injury can kill by heart
failure…….so go for ECGfailure…….so go for ECG
25. woundswounds
• Small wounds ,scratches ……… washSmall wounds ,scratches ……… wash
with plenty of water as soon as possiblewith plenty of water as soon as possible
• It will clear all the tetanus spores if presentIt will clear all the tetanus spores if present
• How tetanus effect ? By not washingHow tetanus effect ? By not washing
• ATS boosterATS booster
• Clean dressingClean dressing
27. Take home messageTake home message
BLS is very important to save lives and toBLS is very important to save lives and to
decrease the morbidity .decrease the morbidity .
