first aid

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FIRST AID & CPR
PREPARED BY: MOHSIN KHAN
MANAGER-Environmental Health & Safety
First aid Training
• Basic First Aid
• Basic Life Support.
• Medical Emergencies.

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Basic First Aid:
• What is First aid ?
The immediate care given to the injured person by professional
D.R.A.B.C
The letters stand for:
D = Danger
R = Response
A = Airway
B = Bleeding
C = Circulation
STEPS OF FIRST AID

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DANGER
• Before you do anything to help injured personal make sure that it is safe for you to help him.
• If it is safe for you but your friend is in a dangerous place, like on site if he has fallen off his
work platform, then get him to move to a safer place.
• If you have to move him yourself, move him by dragging him by both ankles - slowly and
carefully to the side of the road.
• If his legs are injured you may have to pull him by his elbows or wrists with his hands above his
head. Go slowly so that you don't bang his head.

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RESPONCE
• Call out to your friend.
• Tap his face or shoulder gently if he seems to be asleep.
• Ask him what happened.
• Ask him where he hurts.
• If he doesn't answer or move he could be unconscious.
• If he is unconscious and lying on his back he may need to be
turned onto his side to make sure that he can breathe well.

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AIRWAY
• Before opening the airway (check) for any obstructions and remove (clear)
them if possible
• By tilting the head back and lifting the chin forward, the tongue is drawn
away (open) from the back of the throat. Suspected Spinal injuries will
differ, majority are conscious.
• In an unconsciousness casualty the tongue may fall back to block the
airway.

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• Step 1
One arm out, the other arm folded to touch the shoulder.
• Step 2
• Support the head and lift the knee, keep your knees close to the body of your
friend. Roll gently away from you.
• Step 3
Recovery position
Do this very carefully and slowly so that you do not cause any other injury
Step 1
Step 2 Step 3
AIRWAY- RECOVERY POSITION

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BREATHING
Open his mouth using your thumb and first finger under his chin.
Close his nose by resting your cheek across his nostrils to close his nostrils.
Breathe 5 quick puffs of air into your friend's mouth.
Check to see if he is breathing.
If he is not, then you will continue to breathe for five more breaths.
Like this - counting 1, 2, 3, 4, slowly.
Breathe - then look at his chest while you count – 1,2, 3, 4.

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Check to see if there is a pulse
Feel the side of your friend's neck.
Or find the pulse in his wrist (the drawings
below show you how.)
If you can feel his pulse then count it for one
minute so that you can let ambulance officers
know of any changes.
Keep calm
Talk quietly to your friend.
Get help if you can.
If no-one is around stay with him until
someone comes along.
CIRCULATION

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Calling for help- Things to inform ambulance
service.
Always Give the Following Information:
• Name and telephone number
• Give exact location
• Type of incident
• Seriousness of incident
• Number of casualties
• Condition of casualties
• Any hazards
Emergency number : 108
DON'T HANG UP THE PHONE UNTIL
YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO !

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• For life to be sustained,:
• A constant supply of oxygen must be maintained and delivered to the
brain and other vital organs by circulating the blood.
The “pump” that maintains this circulation:
Is the heart. If the heart stops (cardiac arrest) urgent action must be taken if death
to be prevented.
• CPR if Commenced within 3 Minutes of Arrest can Prevent Permanent Brain Damage
• Buys Time to Allow Successful Defibrillation by Trained personnel
CPR:

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Heimlich Maneuver (Abdominal Thrusts)
• Abdominal thrusts (Heimlich Maneuver )
• Go behind the victim.
• Locate the top of the pelvis (approximately at the belly button).
• Put one foot between the victim's feet and slide one hand around the
victim's waist with your thumb pointing towards his belly button.

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Electrocution:

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Electrocution:

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Electrocution:

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