1. Findings from the Knowledge, Attitude,
Perception (KAP) Analysis
Clare Narrod, on behalf of the team
IFPRI: M. Tiongco, R. Scott, and W. Collier
CIMMYT: H. De Groote , J. Hellin, S. Kimenju, B. Munyua
KARI: C. Bett
International Food Policy Research Institute Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
International Center for the Improvement of Maize ACDI/VOCA/Kenya Maize Development Program
and Wheat Kenya Agricultural Research Institute
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi- Institut d’Economie Rurale
Arid Tropics The Eastern Africa Grain Council
University of Pittsburgh
2. Knowledge: the degree of factual understanding of
the topic and associated issues.
Attitude and perceptions: feelings toward the
subject, including judgment of its importance and
influence on people’s lives.
Practices: current actions taken as a result of the
knowledge, attitude and perception toward the
issues.
3. Evaluate the effectiveness of
information campaigns – assist
policymakers in customizing
educational programs .
Flyer from Eastern Kenya
4. Knowledge of Attributes of Aflatoxin exposure (i.e. human health
symptoms such as stomach pain, diarrhea, vomiting, etc.).
Knowledge of Causes (Moisture) of Aflatoxin exposure (e.g.
wetness in piles of harvested maize, poor storage condition,
dampness in storage place, improper drying, etc.).
Attitude (Reaction) about Aflatoxin safety (i.e. farmers’ attitude
towards potential outbreaks in their village).
Perception of Risk (i.e. understanding risks of storing wet maize,
buying maize from local markets, insect/pest damage, etc.).
Actions (Container) (i.e. using storage practices that avoid
Aflatoxin such as maintaining humidity and cleanliness in storage).
7. Frequency Percentage
Local Language Radio 197 40.4%
Kiswahili Radio 118 24.2%
Extension Officer 65 13.3%
Neighbor 37 7.6%
TV 26 5.3%
English Radio 13 2.7%
School 12 2.5%
Newspaper 8 1.6%
Chief Council 6 1.2%
Health Worker 2 0.4%
Church 1 0.2%
Buyers/Traders 3 0.6%
Note: Percentages are of respondents who had heard of aflatoxin (n=488),
total sample size (n=1343).
10. Higher education has a positive effect on perception of risk associated with
storing wet maize, buying from local markets as well as farmers’ attitude towards
potential outbreaks in their village
Farm size is not correlated with farmers’ actions to prevent and reduce aflatoxin
risks at the farm level using containers.
Wealth is positively associated with farmers reaction (attitudes) to aflatoxin in
their village and perception of risks associated with storing wet maize, buying
maize from local markets, insect/pest damage.
In the dry transitional area where the 2004 outbreaks occurred, the effects on the
perception of risk of aflatoxin and attitudes to aflatoxin safety is expected.
Number of children under 5 had a positive and significant effect on actions to
prevent and reduce aflatoxin risks at the farm level.
11. Social networks
What is the effect of social network on knowledge of aflatoxin ?
Which networks has the most influence in the disseminating knowledge?
How can networks be useful in turning them to correct actions?
Aflatoxin prevalence
Does KAP on aflatoxin influence prevalence levels?
Future work -Impact of education/radio campaigns
Randomized controls and see what factors altered KAP indices and aflatoxin
levels
