Financial ratio analysis is conducted by managers- equity investors- l.docx
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Financial ratio analysis is conducted by managers, equity investors, long-term creditors, and short-term creditors. What is the primary emphasis of each of these groups in evaluating ratios? Solution Primary emphasis for Managers is the profitability ratios and turnover ratios to know and comment upon the profitability of the company for decision making process. For Equity Investors the primary emphasis is financial ratios to get an understanding of the financial position of the company to know whether to invest in the company or not. Long term creditors generally emphasize on the solvency ratios to know the debt repayment ability of the company. Short term creditors emphasise on the liquidity ratios of a firm because they are concerned about the day today working of the company which affects the firm\'s obligation to discharge its short term liabilities. .
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Business Finance Lesson 1
Lesson 1.1: Flow of funds within an Organization through and from Enterprise and the Role of the Financial Manager
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The roles of a finance manager include pursuing investment opportunities, finding funds to finance investments, and making decisions related to investment, financing, and asset management. Specifically, a finance manager is responsible for raising long-term financing, making investment decisions, and managing working capital. The overall goal is to maximize shareholder wealth through efficient financial management and decision-making that complies with regulations and safeguards company assets.
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Explore the FASB codification section related to liabilities (405),Explain how speciic liabilities might be treated and justify why this methodology is appropriate.
Solution
Answer: The Liabilities Topic includes the following Subtopics:
The definition of liability can help decide the accounting treatment of the situation. Under the Conceptual Framework a liability is a present obligation of the entity arising from past events, the settlement of which is expected to result in an outflow from the entity of resources embodying economic benefits. In this case, the past event is the fall and injury to the pedestrian.
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Explore the FASB codification section related to liabilities(405)- Exp.docx
Explore the FASB codification section related to liabilities(405). Explain how specific liabilities might be treated and justify why this methodogy is appropriate . 250-500 words.
Solution
Answer: The Liabilities Topic includes the following Subtopics:
The definition of liability can help decide the accounting treatment of the situation. Under the Conceptual Framework a liability is a present obligation of the entity arising from past events, the settlement of which is expected to result in an outflow from the entity of resources embodying economic benefits. In this case, the past event is the fall and injury to the pedestrian.
Expenses are decreases in economic benefits during the accounting period in the form of outflows or depletions of assets or incurrences of liabilities. In this case, the expense arises at the time the pedestrian is injured because a liability has also arisen at that time.
Expenses and liability should be recognised.
.
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This document discusses the nature and goals of financial management. It outlines key finance functions like investment decisions, financing decisions, and dividend allocation. The primary goals of financial management are profit maximization, maximizing earnings per share, and shareholder wealth maximization. However, profit maximization alone is an unrealistic goal as it ignores risk and timing. Shareholder wealth maximization is a better goal as it accounts for risk and the timing of cash flows. Financial decisions involve balancing risk and return, with higher returns requiring more risk. Managers may have different goals than shareholders, so shareholder wealth maximization is important to ensure managers' decisions maximize owner value.
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Are there any other parties, aside from shareholders, who have a legitimate interest in a
company’s financial performance? What makes their interest legitimate?
Solution
Parties interested in the company’s financial performance are as listed below
1. Investors And Lenders
Investors and lenders are interested to know the solvency position of an organization. They
analyze the financial statement position to know about the safety of their investment and ability
to pay interest and repayment of principle amount on due date.
2. Creditors
Creditors are interested in analyzing the financial statements in order to know the short term
liquidity position of an organization. Creditors analyse the financial statement to know either the
organization is enable to pay the amount of short term liabilities on due date.
3. Management
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2. There are three primary financial decisions: investment decisions about what assets to hold, financing decisions about how to pay for assets, and asset management decisions about efficiently managing existing assets.
3. The objectives of financial management include maximizing profits, returns, and shareholder wealth through effective investment, financing, and dividend decisions.
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This document provides an overview of managerial finance. It defines key terms like finance, financial management, and discusses the goal of the firm as maximizing shareholder wealth. It also explores the relationship between finance and other areas like economics, accounting, and corporate governance. Specific topics covered include the agency problem between managers and shareholders, and how compensation plans and government regulations help address this issue.
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This document provides an overview of the nature of financial management. It discusses key concepts like the role of the finance manager, shareholders' wealth maximization principle, and agency problems that can arise between shareholders and managers. It also describes the organization of finance functions within a company and how financial goals relate to a firm's overall mission and objectives. The document outlines different types of financial decisions and assets, as well as how the finance department is typically structured within a multidivisional company.
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This document provides an overview of financial management. It defines financial management as concerned with acquisition, financing, and management of assets to achieve some overall goal. The goal of financial management is to maximize shareholder wealth by making optimal investment, financing, and asset management decisions. These decisions impact the market price of the firm's stock. The document also discusses the separation of ownership and management in modern corporations and the need for governance and incentives to address potential agency problems.
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT FINANCE
The document discusses the key concepts of financial management. It defines financial management as planning, organizing, and controlling financial activities such as procuring and using funds. The four main functions of financial management are discussed as:
1) Investment decisions, which involve capital budgeting and determining asset allocation.
2) Financing decisions, which involve determining optimal capital structure and sources of long-term financing.
3) Dividend decisions, which involve determining how much profits to distribute vs retain.
4) Working capital management, which involves managing day-to-day finances like collections and payments. The goal of financial management is to maximize the value of the firm.
Financial analyst
An individual or an organization needs to manage its wealth well. Although, there are varied economic counsellors, for an organization, a financial analyst provides in-depth and logical inputs and reports to decision makers for a favourable economic outcome. Essentially, he researches macro and micro economic situations, with multiple economic inputs, such as company fundamentals, governmental policies, industry trends, business cycles and competitive environment to make business related industry recommendations. Usually, the financial analysts analyses multiple economic parameters and recommends a view on the likely performance of a company's stock. These stock reports could be based on technical or fundamental analysis.
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Financial Management is the backbone of every business whether small or vast. The success or failure of a business depends upon the management of finances. It includes planning, organizing, controlling and directing the various activities related to finance. At MIT School of Distance Education (MIT-SDE), we offer distance MBA equivalent PGDM and PGDBA courses that are a mix of theoretical and practical approach. So, if you want to enhance your employability, then pursue correspondence MBA courses from MIT-SDE.
To know more information you can visit here: https://www.mitsde.com/Blog/fundamentals-of-financial-management/
Financial management & goal
Defination of Financial Management
Major Areas
Corporates
Corporate Structure
Corporate Objectives & Strategy
Factors influencing Corporate Objectives
Primary vs Secondary Objectives
Strategies(Corporate) / Tactical (Functional)
Role Of a Financial Manager
Principles of corporate finance
The document summarizes key concepts from chapters 1-2 of a textbook on petroleum economics and corporate finance. It discusses:
1) What a corporation is, how it differs from other business structures, and how ownership is separated from management through shareholders electing a board of directors to oversee top management.
2) The role of the financial manager in budgeting, financial projections, investment decisions, and interacting with financial markets to raise capital.
3) Key concepts in corporate finance like net present value analysis, discount rates, and opportunity cost of capital.
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Ratio analysis involves calculating and analyzing relationships between financial data points to assess the financial position and performance of a company. It is useful for strategic decision making, financial planning, and identifying weak areas of a business. Key types of ratios include profitability, liquidity, activity, and leverage ratios. Profitability ratios measure profit earning capacity, liquidity ratios assess ability to meet short-term obligations, activity ratios evaluate efficient use of assets, and leverage ratios examine ability to meet long-term debt obligations. Ratio analysis is an important financial analysis technique.
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*
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+ no external fragmentation
+ easy to grow file
- very slow random access (must search through the whole list)
- potentially slow sequential access (if the list blocks are randomly allocated over the disk surface)
- some disk space overhead to store pointers to the next block.
Indexed File Allocation
+ i-node in memory only when file is open
+ Easy random access
- What if each a file grows beyond the limit of fixed number of disk addresses?
+ Pros
- Cons
.
Explain the results of the Michelson-Morley experiment if the ether ha.docx
If the ether had been proven real by the Michelson-Morley experiment, it would have meant that light requires a medium to propagate through, rather than being able to travel through a vacuum. This would affect the second law of special relativity, which states that the speed of light is constant and independent of the motion of the light source. The speed of light would depend on the direction of Earth's motion through the ether medium.
Explain the reasons why chloride ions (Cl-) is detrimental to corrosio.docx
Explain the reasons why chloride ions (Cl-) is detrimental to corrosion of various metals.
Solution
Corrosion of metals can be defined as the degradation of quality or quantity of metals by the attacking of atmospheric gases or other radicals to form unwanted products.
From the difinition metallic nature, metals have a tendency to lose electrons and become positively charged ions at the surface level and these positive charged species attracts negative chloride ions and undergo reaction to form undesired metal chlorides.
M ----------> M+ + e-
M+ + Cl- -----------> metal chloride ( undesired product )
Chloride ion being highly reactive it can react with various metals and so its is detrimental to corrosion of various metals.
.
Explain the purpose of a data member-SolutionAnswer Data Member It is.docx
Explain the purpose of a data member.
Solution
Answer
Data Member
It is nothing but an object may contain values which are stored internally and are unique to that object.
A data member may be any type. Including Classes already defined, references of object any type.
We need to declare a data member in the classs.
that is like in C++ we can write like in private , public blocks
private :
int sum;
------
------
public :
int a;
float value;
-----
-----
In java we can write as
int a,b,c;
int sum=30,value=40;
.
Explain the function of the following methods in LinkedList 1- addFirs.docx
The document describes 7 methods in a LinkedList class: addFirst adds an element to the head of the list; contains searches for an element and returns true if found; get returns the element at a given index; indexOf returns the index of an element or -1 if not found; remove deletes the last element; remove(index) deletes the element at a given index; and set replaces the element at an index with a new element.
Explain the motivation behind using a header file for a C program-Solu.docx
Explain the motivation behind using a header file for a C program.
Solution
A header file is a file containing C declarations and macro definitions to be shared between several source files.
Header files purpose:
System header files declare the interfaces to parts of the operating system.
these will provide the definitions and declarations you need to invoke system calls and libraries.
Your own header files contain declarations for interfaces between the source files of your program. Each time you have a group of related declarations and macro definitions all or most of which are needed in several different source files, it is a good idea to create a header file for them.
Including a header file is equal to copying the content of the header file
.
Explain the effect doping towards an intrinsic silicon- Give one examp.docx
Explain the effect doping towards an intrinsic silicon. Give one example of donor element and one example of acceptor element. [15 marks]
Solution
Silicon is an intrinsic semiconductor. The doping is done to introduce impurities into an intrinsic semiconductor for modulating its electrical properties. A semiconductor doped to a very high level can act as a conductor and is generally referred to as degenerate semiconductor
There can be two types of impurities ie., donor type and acceptor type.
Donor type are n-type semi conductors which will increase the number of unpaired electrons. An example of this is Phosphorus or Arsenic, Antimony, Bismuth
Acceptor type are p-type which will increase the number of holes or hole concentration. Examples are Aluminum, Gallium, Boron, Indium.
.
Explain the difference between private and proctected members of a cla.docx
Private members of a class can only be accessed within the class itself and cannot be inherited by subclasses. Protected members can be accessed by subclasses even if they are in a different package and can be inherited. Private members make the data hidden and secure, while protected is less restrictive by allowing access to subclasses.
Explain how goverment deficit lead to increases in the money supply-.docx
Explain how goverment deficit lead to increases in the money supply?
Explain how goverment deficit lead to increases in the money supply?
Solution
Government deficit is excess of government expenditure over government earnings (majorly from taxes), when a goverment deficit is financed through priniting of money, the huge amount of money enters into the economy from the reserve bank of the economy which leads to rise in the overall money supply.
.
Explain how doping Si allows you to transport charges in a detector-So.docx
Explain how doping Si allows you to transport charges in a detector.
Solution
Si is surrounded by four other Si atoms. Each Si shares one electron to the neighboring Si atom. A total of four electrons are shared by a single Si to its four neighbouring Si atoms.
When Si is doped wih a pentavalent element, four of the electrons of the pentavalent element is shared with four neighbouring SI atoms. There is one electron from the pentavalent element which is free to move and conduct.
When Si is doped with trivalent element, the three electrons are shared with three of the neighbouring Si atoms. There is no electron to share with the fourth Si atom. So, there is a hole. SInce the hole is electron deficient, it accepts electron somewhere else in the lattice resulting in creation of another hole. This shifting of the hole is responsible for conduction.
.
Explain how an --interest group-- (or --special interest group--) may.docx
Explain how an \"interest group\" (or \"special interest group\") may try to influence public policy made by departments and/or agencies
Solution
Interest Groups
Functions of interest groups
Activities
Structures
Legitimacy
Problems of analysis and research
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Interaction between the polity and organized interests has taken place in all periods of history. Estates, guilds, trading companies, and the like are the more immediate antecedents of the modern interest group, which may be defined as a voluntary association of individuals who band together for the defense of an
.
Explain how stock price volatility is more likely to imply risk than e.docx
Explain how stock price volatility is more likely to imply risk than earnings volatility.
Solution
Stock price volatility is more likely to imply risk than earnings volatility :
Risk is the chance that some unfavorable event will occur but investment risk can be measured by the variability of the investment’s earnings.
Generally, the term volatility is simply synonymous with risk. In public view high volatility is to be deplored because it means that security values are not dependable and the capital markets are not functioning as well as they should.
Earnings comes as you invest, though sooner or later. It is the risk of occuring of show of earnings which is brought by volatility in the stock price. Earnings volatility does not necessarily imply investment risk. However, stock price volatility does signify risk.
.
Explain the concept entropy Explain the concept entropySolutionAnswe.docx
Explain the concept entropy
Explain the concept entropy
Solution
Answer-
Entropy - Entropy is a measure of the randomness of a substances. In statistical mechanics, entropy is a measure of the number of ways in which a system may be arranged, often taken to be a measure of \"disorder\" (the higher the entropy , the higher the disorder).
It is denoted by S, the entropy of substance and universe is calculated by appropriated formulas.
deltaG =deltaH - Tdelta S
.
Explain how would you determine a covalent bond compounds bond using L.docx
Explain how would you determine a covalent bond compound’s bond using Lewis rule.
Solution
Covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of electrons from both elements. Normally elements that have small electronegative difference tend to form covalent bonds. Sometimes compounds that share electrons unequally are called polar compounds and the process is called polarity. An example of a polar compound is water (H 2 O).Each element satisfies newland\'s octet rule through sharing of electrons by which way the bond formed.
Formal charge = (original number of valence electrons - actual number of electrons used in filling the octet). Only one electron is counted in a bond since bond formed by sharing of two electrons.
Hope this helped you!
Thank You So Much! Please Rate this answer as you wish.(\"Thumbs Up\")
.
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