This document provides an overview of the emergence of philosophy in ancient Greece. It discusses how the development of rational thought was closely linked to the social and intellectual structures of the Greek city-state. The earliest Greek philosophers lived in the Archaic period from the late 8th to 6th centuries BC, marking a transition from a mythical worldview to critical rational reflection. However, this was a gradual process and mythical thinking did not disappear entirely from early Greek philosophy. The document also summarizes Homeric epics and Hesiod's Theogony as examples of early Greek literature that reflected mythical conceptions of the world and the gods.

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