THEORISTS TFN

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KLINS B. OLIVER, RN, MAN
FILIPINO NURSING THEORISTS

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ROZZANO LOCSIN
➤ was born on 1954 in the Philippines
➤A native of Dumaguete City
➤ In 1976, he graduated from Silliman
University with a bachelor's degree in
nursing.
➤MA in Nursing in1978
➤ In 1988, he earned a PhD in
nursing from the University of the
Philippines.
➤ 6 books and numerous papers and
articles pertinent to nursing practice
have been published

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“TECHNOLOGICAL
COMPETENCY AS CARING: A
MODEL FOR NURSING”
Technical competence as caring, according to Locsin and Waraporn, is a nursing
phenomenon involving the skillful demonstration of deliberate, purposeful, and
sincere actions by nurses in patient care circumstances that need technology
expertise. This expression means that nurses must achieve a balance between
patient care and the technology that is used in that care without losing focus and
becoming invisible to the patient.

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PERSON ENVIRONMENT
METAPARADIGMS
● Nursing care recipients have aims, plans, and
objectives that include enjoying life to the
fullest as caring humans. They also want to be
seen as a unique individual with goals and
objectives, rather than just another piece of
property.
● In technologically influenced surroundings,
the environment can be found. In a critical
care unit, for example, it is crucial to always
perceive the human as a whole. Increased
electronic surveillance allows for a more
comprehensive picture of an individual's
overall health. Nurses must be swift and tech-
savvy while keeping their attention on the
patient.

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HEALTH NURSING
METAPARADIGMS
● The concept of health implies that the patient
is responsible for his or her own well-being.
Also, in employing technology to better
understand a patient's hemodynamics in order
to deliver the best treatment and satisfy their
unique demands.
● Nursing has been thoroughly investigated. As
a profession and specialized practice that
employs technology to personalize treatment
to match each client's specific needs.,

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RETIREMENT AND ROLE
DISCONTINUITIES THEORY
SISTER LETTY KUAN

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SISTER LETTY KUAN
➤Born on November 19, 1936 in Katipunan-Dipolog, Zamboanga del Norte
➤ is a licensed practical nurse who holds two master's degrees, one in
nursing and the other in education, both with a focus on guidance
counseling.
➤ The author holds a doctorate in education with a specialty in guidance
counseling. They all came from the University of the Philippines - Diliman
in Quezon City, where they finished their postgraduate studies.
➤ Professor Emeritus is a title bestowed to a select few who met the
University of the Philippines' stringent requirements in September 2004.

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SISTER LETTY KUAN
➤ In addition to the University of the Philippines - Manila, she is an Emeritus Professor at Siliman
University in Dumaguete, Cebu Normal University, Father Urios University in Butuan, St. Joseph's
College in Quezon City, and San Pedro College in Davao.
➤ In 2003, she completed her clinical fellowship and neuropsychology speciality at the University of
Paris in France. (Hôpital Salpetriere) The Good Samaritan Hospital in Watertown, New York, and
Syracuse University in Syracuse, New York, are both researching neuro gerontology. In Geneva,
where she works at the Centre des Soins Intensifs pour les Troisièmes, she has also added this area of
expertise to her portfolio.
➤In addition, from 1991 to 1997, she received formal bioethics training at the Institute of Religion,
Ethics, and Law at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas.
➤ She has written several books, including Gerontology, Elder Care, and Bioethics, as well as the
Essence of Caring, in which she shares her experience and beliefs.

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RETIREMENT AND ROLE
DISCONTINUITIES THEORY
The influence of retirement as a stage of one's life and the
modifications that come with it are valued in Kuan's retirement and
role discontinuities theory. She figured out what makes people feel
good about role changes in retirement. Health, income, employment
status, family structure, and self-preparation are all factors taken into
account. The most crucial aspect, in my opinion, is self-preparation,
but all of the others are equally important. When dealing with big life
transformations, self-preparation is very vital. It's how we prepare for
the changes that come with entering a new stage of life.

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PERSON ENVIRONMENT
METAPARADIGM
● In Kuan’s Model, she emphasized that
preparing early in life through
cultivation of other role options at
age of 50 to 60 years old in order for
them to have fruitful retirement and
aging amidst role discontinuities.
● Kuan promoted change of life in
between role discontinuities and
fruitful retirement as it is a factor that
changes the rhythm of one’s life. In
this stage, one must have coping
approaches to alleviate their role
discontinuity. A retiree’s environment
may change as change of life from
role discontinuity occur

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HEALTH NURSING
METAPARADIGMS
● Kuan included Health Status of the retiree -
physiologic and mental state, as one of the
determinants of fruitful retirement of aging.
She believed that proper care of the mind
and body is needed to maintain health in old
age.
● Kuan believed that retirement should
be recognized as the fulfillment of
every individual’s birthright and must
be lived meaningfully. She suggested
that government agency should
contrast holistic preretirement
preparation program which will take
care of the retiree’s financial

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RETIREMENT
PHYSIOLOGICAL AGE
ROLE
ASSUMPTIONS
● A foreseeable event in everyone’s life. It is being shown in the
progressing number of people who are getting old, together with
related disabilities and increased dependence.
● The age that shows the biological state of a person. The age may be
higher or lower than that of the chronological age–refers to a
person’s age that is counted every year, since birth.
● Refers to the group of common expectations centered on a specific
job. This may involve views on the ideals or principles of the person
that held the position, which needs to be followed and the standards
that will regulate his actions.

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CHANGE OF LIFE
RETIREE
ROLE DISCONTINUITY
ASSUMPTIONS
● The period between discontinuation of one’s role and the years after
retirement. In medico-physiologic terms, it is the highest point of the
adjustment period into a different pace of life.
● The person who decided to leave a job occupation and their fruitful
life due to the limitation of age that was agreed upon and has
accomplished the mandated years of service.
● Refers to the disruption of the role or the usual activities that was
appreciated. The discontinuation may be caused by different factors
such as emergency, accidents, or retirement.

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COPING APPROACHES
ASSUMPTIONS
● The things that are being done to have a solution on a problem or
things that are being done in order to maintain standard operation
and restore or maintain equilibrium.

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The determinants of positive
outcome in retirement and
fruitful aging concerning role
discontinuity:

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CECILIA LAURENTE
➤ She's a nurse theorist from the Philippines who focuses on patient
support, particularly family assistance.
➤ The journal Nursing Research has published a study titled
"Categorization of Nursing Activities as Observed in Medical-Surgical
Ward Units at Selected Government and Private Hospitals in Manila."
➤ In 1967, she finished her BSN at University of the Philippines in
1967
➤Masters of Nursing in 1973
➤Staff Nurse (1968-1969)
➤Head Nurse (1970-1972)
➤ She worked at the Philippines General Hospital as a nursing
supervisor (1973-1976)
➤She worked at metropolitan Hospital in Michigan USA (1977-1979)
➤ Professor at the College of Nursing at the University of the
Philippines (1979)
➤Dean of College of Nursing in UP Manila (1966-2002)

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THEORY OF NURSING PRACTICE
AND CAREER
Laurente got the idea from a study she conducted from January to June
1987 called "Categorization of Nursing Activities as Observed in
Medical-Surgical Ward Units in Selected Government and Private
Hospitals in Metro Manila." According to Laurente's most recent
research, another way to help the patient is through the patient's family,
where nurses can be a big help in preventing major problems from
occurring in the first place. The nurse can help the family's knowledge,
abilities, and attitude increase by communicating effectively.
Informational, psychotherapeutic, modeling, behavioral, cognitive-
behavioral, and/or hypnotic approaches used by the nurse are
summarized and appraised.

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PERSON ENVIRONMENT
METAPARADIGM
● This study will help reduce a patient’s
anxiety from the health care
providers due to this theory that
implies that a nurse’s caring behavior
is a significant variable on patient
care.
● This study will help the hospital
environment on the increase of
efficiency due to nurses practicing
this theory that will be beneficial in
establishing rapport and patient care.

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HEALTH NURSING
METAPARADIGM
● This study revolves around the
nurse’s caring behavior, and when
nurses execute this theory it will not
hinder or jeopardize patient care and
health.
● The impact of this study to the
nursing system is that the results may
be critically implied to the teaching
and practice of nursing which will
result to an improvement on the
hospitals efficiency on taking care of
patience but also improve the
patient’s health, welfare and quality of
life.

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SIS. CAROLINA AGRAVANTE
➤ She attended St. Paul University –
Manila (previously St. Paul College –
Manila) for her secondary education and
graduated salutatorian.
➤ She is best renowned for being the first
Filipina thinker and the creator of the
CASAGRA Transformative Leadership
Model. The theory’s author is Carolina S.
AGRAvante, and the term is derived from
her given name.

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SIS. CAROLINA AGRAVANTE
➤ She graduated from the same
university as magna cum laude with a
Bachelor of Science in Nursing in 1964. In
the same year, she received the highest
possible score on the nursing licensing
tests, earning her a spot on the board.
➤ From 1967 to 1969, she was a full-
fledged student at Catholic University of
America, where she worked on a Master’s
Degree in Nursing Education.

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SIS. CAROLINA AGRAVANTE
➤ In 2002, she got her Doctorate in
Philosophy from the University of the
Philippines, Manila, the same year that her
hypothesis was published in Science.
➤She was the president of St. Paul
University – Iloilo, where she also taught
research topics to senior students as part
of her duties as president.

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SIS. CAROLINA AGRAVANTE
➤ After being elected as a delegate to the International
Nursing Congress in Brunei in 1996, she served as president of
the Association of Deans of the Philippines Colleges of
Nursing. (ADPCN). The following year, she was a member of
a team that represented the United States at the International
Council of Nursing convention in Vancouver, Canada.
➤ In honor of my work as an accreditor, the Philippine
Accreditation Association of Schools, Colleges, and
Universities (PAASCU) honoured me with a Service Award.
➤One of the first members of the Integrated Registered Nurses
of the Philippines (IRN) organization (IRNP).
➤ She currently holds the positions of President and Vice-
President for Academics at St. Paul College – Ilocos Sur. She
also works as the program chair for the nursing department at
the institution where she works.

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CASGARA Transformational
Leadership Theory
This theory explains the psycho-spiritual technique known as “CASAGRA
Transformative Leadership.” It was given the name Sr. after the investigator. Carolina
S. AGRAvante, the investigation’s lead investigator.
All of the following parts are included in this model, which is a Three-Fold
Transformation Leadership Concept all wrapped into one.
-Servant-Leader Spirituality;
- Self-Mastery expressed in a vibrant care complex;
- Special Expertise level in the nursing field one is engaged in.
When these characteristics are integrated, they produce the personality of the modern
professional nurse, who is ready to handle the problems that our society faces at this
vital moment.

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CASGARA Transformational
Leadership Theory
This theory explains the psycho-spiritual technique known as “CASAGRA
Transformative Leadership.” It was given the name Sr. after the investigator. Carolina
S. AGRAvante, the investigation’s lead investigator.
All of the following parts are included in this model, which is a Three-Fold
Transformation Leadership Concept all wrapped into one.
-Servant-Leader Spirituality;
- Self-Mastery expressed in a vibrant care complex;
- Special Expertise level in the nursing field one is engaged in.
When these characteristics are integrated, they produce the personality of the modern
professional nurse, who is ready to handle the problems that our society faces at this
vital moment.

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CASGARA Transformational
Leadership Theory
The CASAGRA Transformative Leadership Theory fits all of the criteria for
being classified as a Practice Theory, as stated by McEwen (2007). The
CASAGRA Transformative Leadership Theory has the following properties of a
Practice Theory.:
a. Complexity / Abstractness, Scope – Focuses on a narrow view of reality,
simple and straightforward;
b. Generalizability /Specificity – Linked to a special population or an identified
field of practice;
c. Characteristic of Scope – Single, concrete concept that is operationalized;
d. Characteristic of Proposition – Propositions defined;
e. Testability – Goals or outcomes defined and testable;

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CASGARA Transformational
Leadership Theory
f. Source of Development – Derived from practice or deduced from
middle range theory or grand theory.
According to the findings of the study, the influence of the CASAGRA
Leadership model, which is based on the servant leader model, on the
leadership behavior of nursing faculty is closely linked to the caring
complex in the personality of the nursing faculty. The caring complex is
necessary because it functions as a stimulant in the performance of
leadership tasks. The faculty’s leadership behavior improved significantly
after they were introduced to the servant leadership formula, as measured
by the two post-test periods compared to the pre-test. As a result, nursing
professors’ leadership behavior improved in both groups.

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CARMELITA DIVINAGRACIA

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➤Filipino Nurse Theorist
➤BSN in UERMMMC in 1962
➤ In 1975 she had her Master’s in Nursing in UP
➤She has talked and written about her experiences as a nurse, and she has used her
first-hand knowledge to create better methods of teaching nursing.
➤ She’s spoken and written about her experiences as a nurse, and she’s used what
she’s learned firsthand to improve nursing education.
➤A Cardiologist nurse
➤An advanced nurse practitioner
➤ Was a dean of UERMMMC College of Nursing
➤She was a member of CHED’s Technical Committee on Nursing Education
➤A former President of the ADCPN (Association of Deans of Philippine College of
Nursing)
➤ She has devoted her career to nursing and the creation of learning aids for nursing
students, which is a vast and distinct area of expertise.

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ADVANCED NURSE PRACTIONER
COMPOSURE BEHAVIOR AND
WELLNESS OUTCOME THEORY
Adult cardiac patients who were admitted to and stayed at the Philippine Heart
Center’s Coronary Care Unit served as her study participants. When
administering to the client, Advanced Nurse Practitioners should follow the
COMPOSURE procedure. Nurses have a unique role to play.

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ADVANCED NURSE PRACTIONER
COMPOSURE BEHAVIOR AND
WELLNESS OUTCOME THEORY
The source of the issues are clients who do not obtain
appropriate therapy and as a result have a poor health
outcome. Interventions should be given first priority. The
project focuses on patients in the Coronary Treatment Unit
who should receive high-quality treatment from Advanced
Nurse Practitioners. Methods of intervention are discussed
further down.

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COMPOSURE BEHAVIOR
- Are sets of behaviors or nursing measures that the
nurse demonstrates to selected patients.So with the word
COMPOSURE there is an acronym which stands for
COMpetence, Presence, Prayer, Open Mindedness,
Stimulation, Understanding, Respect, Relaxation and
Empathy.

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PERSON ENVIRONMENT
METAPARADIGMS
● Individually, everyone requires humanistic,
compassionate, spirituality-oriented therapies
that can help people feel better, regardless of
religious beliefs, social circumstances,
gender, age, or nationality.
● Environment no conclusion can be drawn
from Divinagracia’s dissertation

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HEALTH NURSING
METAPARADIGMS
● Health no conclusion can be drawn from
Divinagracia’s dissertation
● Nursing assistance is available. According to
Divinagracia, an intervention like the
COMPOSURE habit could assist to improve
the overall quality of nursing care.

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CARMENCITA ABAQUIN
Is a member of Board of Nursing.
Basic Assumptions and Concepts:
Her theory is centered on the nursing
interventions provided to address the
multidimensional problems of “CANCER”
patients that can be given in any setting where
patients choose to be confined.

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PREPARE ME THEORY
❑This program emphasizes a holistic approach to
nursing care.
❑Prepare Me has the following components:
⮚Presence
⮚Reminisce Therapy
⮚Prayer
⮚Relaxation
⮚Meditation
⮚Values Clarification

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