The presentation should include:
Language
Symbols
Food
Music
Arts and Literature
Entertainment
Education
Religion
Transportation
Government Structure
Customs and Traditions
Family
Sports and Recreation
Complete a one-paragraph reflection with the following information:
Describe culture, material culture, and nonmaterial culture.
Describe how symbols and language reflect cultural values.
Explain how culture impacts the individual and society.
Running Head ETHNOCENTRISM AND CULTURAL RELATIVISM .docxjeanettehully
Running Head: ETHNOCENTRISM AND CULTURAL RELATIVISM 1
ETHNOCENTRISM AND CULTURAL RELATIVISM 7
Ethnocentrism and Cultural Relativism
Student Name: Oluwakemi Aina
Instructor’s Name: Dr. La Tonya Scott
01/16/2020
Ethnocentrism and Cultural Relativism
Ethnocentrism is considered as the propensity to look at the world through the lens of one’s individual culture. This means that people will judge the beliefs, behaviors, customs, and attitudes based on their own cultural patterns. Culture includes ideas, customs, and social behavior of a given group of people or society. It is the characteristics of a given group of people that is defined by social habits, language, beliefs, customs, laws, religion, etc. The aspect of ethnocentrism is considered to take place mostly because people have the highest information and understanding of their own culture, which incorrectly makes them imagine that values, standards, and norms of their own culture are adopted collectively. The concept of ethnocentrism is a common incident that happens for several people across many societies and cultures. According to Brewer (2005), an individual can simultaneously hold positive attitudes towards their own group or outgroups even when they may tend to differ on certain behaviors, attitudes or values. As a result, ethnocentrism is not essentially associated with racism or ethnic prejudice; instead, it is considered as the propensity of using one’s own culture or group as a reference in judging others, with the judgment coming from the indifferent, positive, or negative evaluation (Schopmeyer & Fisher, 1993).
Cultural relativism is the capacity to understand a culture based on its own terms and not make a judgment using the standards of an individual’s own culture. Cultural relativism aims to enhance the comprehension of cultural practices that are not characteristically part of one’s own culture. The concept of cultural relativism leads to the perception that no culture is superior to another when it is compared to a system of politics, law, morality, etc. (Brewer, 2005). People from different cultures may forge relationships that respects, acknowledges, or starts to understand one another’s different lives. People coming from various backgrounds can help one another see options that no one was thinking about because of cultural prohibitions or limitations modeled by their own traditions. Traditional habits in particular cultures can constrain opportunities because they are considered “wrong” from one’s specific culture (Johnson, 2007).
My Cultural Group
I belong to the African Ethnic Group (Yoruba Group). The Yoruba are one of the biggest ethnic groups in West Africa, especially in Nigeria. The Yoruba culture has developed and matured for several years, making it rich in his ...
Running Head ETHNOCENTRISM AND CULTURAL RELATIVISM .docxjeanettehully
Running Head: ETHNOCENTRISM AND CULTURAL RELATIVISM 1
ETHNOCENTRISM AND CULTURAL RELATIVISM 7
Ethnocentrism and Cultural Relativism
Student Name: Oluwakemi Aina
Instructor’s Name: Dr. La Tonya Scott
01/16/2020
Ethnocentrism and Cultural Relativism
Ethnocentrism is considered as the propensity to look at the world through the lens of one’s individual culture. This means that people will judge the beliefs, behaviors, customs, and attitudes based on their own cultural patterns. Culture includes ideas, customs, and social behavior of a given group of people or society. It is the characteristics of a given group of people that is defined by social habits, language, beliefs, customs, laws, religion, etc. The aspect of ethnocentrism is considered to take place mostly because people have the highest information and understanding of their own culture, which incorrectly makes them imagine that values, standards, and norms of their own culture are adopted collectively. The concept of ethnocentrism is a common incident that happens for several people across many societies and cultures. According to Brewer (2005), an individual can simultaneously hold positive attitudes towards their own group or outgroups even when they may tend to differ on certain behaviors, attitudes or values. As a result, ethnocentrism is not essentially associated with racism or ethnic prejudice; instead, it is considered as the propensity of using one’s own culture or group as a reference in judging others, with the judgment coming from the indifferent, positive, or negative evaluation (Schopmeyer & Fisher, 1993).
Cultural relativism is the capacity to understand a culture based on its own terms and not make a judgment using the standards of an individual’s own culture. Cultural relativism aims to enhance the comprehension of cultural practices that are not characteristically part of one’s own culture. The concept of cultural relativism leads to the perception that no culture is superior to another when it is compared to a system of politics, law, morality, etc. (Brewer, 2005). People from different cultures may forge relationships that respects, acknowledges, or starts to understand one another’s different lives. People coming from various backgrounds can help one another see options that no one was thinking about because of cultural prohibitions or limitations modeled by their own traditions. Traditional habits in particular cultures can constrain opportunities because they are considered “wrong” from one’s specific culture (Johnson, 2007).
My Cultural Group
I belong to the African Ethnic Group (Yoruba Group). The Yoruba are one of the biggest ethnic groups in West Africa, especially in Nigeria. The Yoruba culture has developed and matured for several years, making it rich in his ...
American Research Journal of Humanities & Social Science (ARJHSS) is a double blind peer reviewed, open access journal published by (ARJHSS).
The main objective of ARJHSS is to provide an intellectual platform for the international scholars. ARJHSS aims to promote interdisciplinary studies in Humanities & Social Science and become the leading journal in Humanities & Social Science in the world.
Culture:
• Culture: definition- pg 35 in Pretoruis.
• Components of culture:
• Cognitive component- pg 36 in Pretoruis.
• Normative component- pg 37 in Pretoruis.
• Symbolic component- pg 39 in Pretoruis.
Cultural concepts:
• Subcultures- pg 44 in Pretoruis.
• Cultural change- pg 44 in Pretoruis.
• Cultural competence (aspects of cultural identity)- pg 47 in Pretoruis.
• Culture shock- pg 37 in Du Toit.
• Cultural lag- pg 37 in Pretoruis.
• Ethnocentrism- pg 39 in Du Toit
• Xenocentrism- pg 39 in Du Toit
• Xenophobia- pg 40 in Du Toit
Culture formation and expansion
Pg’s 40-43 in Du Toit.
ABRA-1.pptx Cordillera heritage in college degreeLimsonbanagyo
Cordillera heritage college subject of the cordillera administrative region that help student to develop and appreciate the culture of our ancestors and preserve the rich heritage in the region. It's is the one requirements in the all the tertiary in the cordillera. Abra is one of the province in cordillera have an rich culture. In this file you will be learn such culture and how it's be at present
Celebrating Diversity and Resilience International Day of the World's Indigen...thenationaltv
The International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples, observed annually on August 9th, is a momentous occasion that shines a spotlight on the invaluable contributions and unique identities of indigenous communities worldwide. This day serves as a reminder of the need to respect, protect, and preserve their rights, cultures, and traditional knowledge. Let's delve into the history, significance, and ways to honor the International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
American Research Journal of Humanities & Social Science (ARJHSS) is a double blind peer reviewed, open access journal published by (ARJHSS).
The main objective of ARJHSS is to provide an intellectual platform for the international scholars. ARJHSS aims to promote interdisciplinary studies in Humanities & Social Science and become the leading journal in Humanities & Social Science in the world.
Culture:
• Culture: definition- pg 35 in Pretoruis.
• Components of culture:
• Cognitive component- pg 36 in Pretoruis.
• Normative component- pg 37 in Pretoruis.
• Symbolic component- pg 39 in Pretoruis.
Cultural concepts:
• Subcultures- pg 44 in Pretoruis.
• Cultural change- pg 44 in Pretoruis.
• Cultural competence (aspects of cultural identity)- pg 47 in Pretoruis.
• Culture shock- pg 37 in Du Toit.
• Cultural lag- pg 37 in Pretoruis.
• Ethnocentrism- pg 39 in Du Toit
• Xenocentrism- pg 39 in Du Toit
• Xenophobia- pg 40 in Du Toit
Culture formation and expansion
Pg’s 40-43 in Du Toit.
ABRA-1.pptx Cordillera heritage in college degreeLimsonbanagyo
Cordillera heritage college subject of the cordillera administrative region that help student to develop and appreciate the culture of our ancestors and preserve the rich heritage in the region. It's is the one requirements in the all the tertiary in the cordillera. Abra is one of the province in cordillera have an rich culture. In this file you will be learn such culture and how it's be at present
Celebrating Diversity and Resilience International Day of the World's Indigen...thenationaltv
The International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples, observed annually on August 9th, is a momentous occasion that shines a spotlight on the invaluable contributions and unique identities of indigenous communities worldwide. This day serves as a reminder of the need to respect, protect, and preserve their rights, cultures, and traditional knowledge. Let's delve into the history, significance, and ways to honor the International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2. HISTORY OF FIJI ISLANDS
Fiji, officiallyRepublic of Fiji, Country and
Archipelago, South Pacific Ocean. It lies
east of Vanuatu and southwest of
Samoa. Area: 7,055 sq mi (18,272 sq
km). Population: (2023 est.) 898,000.
Capital: Suva. The majority of Fijians are
of mixed Melanesian-Polynesian
ancestry, with a large South Asian
minority.
The main islands are Viti Levu and Vanua Levu. Fiji
also includes the dependency of Rotuma, an island
located about 400 mi (640 km) to the northwest.
The two large islands are mountainous and
volcanic in origin, rising abruptly from densely
populated coasts to forested central mountains.
The smaller islands are also volcanic, and all are
ringed by rocky shoals and coral reefs. The coastal
deltas of the principal rivers contain most of the
fertile arable land.
3. FIJIAN CULTURE
Languages: English (official), Fijian.
Religion: Religions: Christianity (mostly
Protestant, also other Christians, Roman
Catholic), Hinduism, Islam
Customs and Traditions:
-Fire Walking Ceremony. With origins on
the island of Beqa, Fire Walking is an
ancient Fijian ritual that legend holds as
being given by a god to the Sawau tribe. -
-Yaqona Ceremony.
-The Meke.
-The Lovo Feast. ...
4. ARTS AND LITERATURE
POTTERY IS WELL KNOWN ART IN FIJI
WOOD CARVING
TAPA CLOTH OR MASI-A popular art form in Fiji isthe
creation of the Fijian masi, also known as tapa cloth.
Masi is made from inner white bark of the paper mulberry.
To create masi, Fijians strip the bark, soak it in water, and
then beat and felt the cloth for hours
5. FIJIAN CULTURAL SYMBOL, FOOD AND MUSIC
Yaqona (more commonly
known as kava), when
coupled with its associated
rituals and practices, is
commonly recognised as a
potent symbol of Fijian
identity
Fijians typically eat rice,
sweet potato, cassava, fish,
coconut, and taro. Meat,
chicken, and fish are also
traditionally cooked in a
Lovo. Fiji is also rich in
tropical and juicy fruits such
as sea grapes, pawpaw,
banana, various melons and
of course pineapple and
jackfruit
Fijians play guitar, ukulele
and mandolin along with a
variety of indigenous
instruments, most commonly
lali drums
SYMBOL OF FIJIAN CULTURE
YAQONA OR KAVA
FIJIAN FOOD FIJIAN MUSIC
6. FIJIAN CULTURE
FIJIAN FAMILY.
A typical household has a couple, married sons and their wives and
children, unmarried children and possibly a widowed parent and
grandchildren. Fijian culture does not condone elderly people living
alone. In urban areas, nuclear families are more the norm than they
are in rural areas.
ENTERTAINMENT-IN EVENING, PEOPLE WILL GATHER IN ONE PLACE ,
PEOPLE SEAT AROUND KAVA BOWL, DRINK KAVA, SING SONGS,AND
DANCE.
7. FIJIAN GOVERMENT AND STRUCTURE
-governed under a constitution adopted in 2013. The country’s first constitution was promulgatedin 1966, four years before
Fiji achieved independence from Great Britain. Until 1987, Fiji was a dominion, a member of the Commonwealth, and a
parliamentary democracy with a government led by an elected president.
Local government reflects thepluralismof Fiji’s social structure. There are elected multiethnic councils in the larger towns,
a separate Fijian administration incorporating a hierarchyof chiefs and councils for the control of rural Fijians, and direct
administration elsewhere.
EDUCATION
While the government provides some primary and secondary education, most schools are controlled through local
committees run by and for a single ethnic or religiouscommunity. Entry to secondary schools is by competitive
examination. Students pay fees but not the full cost of their education, which the government subsidizes.
TRANSPORTATION
TRAVELLING IN FIJI IS BY PUBLIC BUS,TAXES, MINI VAN AND BY FERRIES .
8. DEFINE CULTURE-Culture is defined as the “ideas, customs, and social
behaviors of a particular people or society.”Culture is a social group's
beliefs, behaviors, practices, norms, values, history, characteristics,
knowledge, and artifacts. Culture includes language, religion, cuisine,
social habits, music, and arts. These elements combine to create the
culture of the social group and impact how members of the group
think, act, and acquire possessions as a shared way of living.
Sociologists define material culture as items that people make and use
in order to help them better interact with each other. For example,
sociologists consider buildings like churches and schools important
parts of material culture because special types of interactions between
people take place in these types of buildings.
Non-material culture includes ideas, beliefs, social roles, rules, ethics,
and attitudes of a society. Non-material culture does not include any
physical objects or artifacts.
Cultures use symbols to create and communicate values and traditions
to the cultural group. Symbols are used by a culture to identify other
people who are part of the same culture and are a way to connect and
relate to one another in a culture.
9. Describe how symbols and language reflect cultural values.
Cultures use symbols to create and communicate values and traditions to the cultural group.
Symbols are used by a culture to identify other people who are part of the same culture and are a
way to connect and relate to one another in a culture. Language is one of the symbols in a culture.A
language helps to identify a culture. language helped to understand the norms and rules of
society.It helps to learn about new cultures and understand the behaviours of a different culture or
same culture. A symbol of handshake helps to connect to another individual and the same applies
to communication.Symbols such as gestures, signs, objects and words helps to understand that
world.Language provides communication method to understand experiences by conveying
recognizable meanings that are scared by communities.
Explain how culture impacts the individual and society.
Our culture shapes the way we work and play, and it makes a difference in how we view ourselves
and others.culture provides stability that, in turn, gives you a feeling of security and safety. In the
right culture, individuals feel nurtured and loved.The same beliefs within the community provides
unity. Culture teaches individuals about right and wrong in life.When following cultures,accepting
other cultures,adjusting to other cultures and learning other cultures makes a society a beautiful
place to live.
10. REFERENCES
3.2 elements of culture - introduction to sociology 3E (no date a) OpenStax. Available at:
https://openstax.org/books/introduction-sociology-3e/pages/3-2-elements-of-culture
(Accessed: 29 May 2023).
Fiji culture, religion and the Fijian language. Fiji Culture and Religion - Cultural
Ceremonies & the Fijian Language - Fiji Visitor Information. (n.d.).
https://www.tourismfiji.com/fiji-culture-religion.html (Accessed:28 May 2023.
Macdonald, B. K. and Foster, . Sophie (2023, May 18). Fiji. Encyclopedia Britannica.
https://www.britannica.com/place/Fiji-republic-Pacific-Ocean