The document discusses addressing gender concerns in climate change projects. It defines gender and gender mainstreaming, which is assessing how policies and programs affect women and men. It discusses several climate change projects in the region, including REWARD, SEARCH, and demonstration projects focusing on watershed management and increasing resilience. It emphasizes that gender enhances climate change policies and programs by providing diverse perspectives and ensuring women are agents of change in mitigation, adaptation, consumption patterns, and more. [END SUMMARY]

1. ADDRESSING GENDER CONCERNS IN CLIMATE CHANGE PROJECTS
FIDAA HADDAD
IUCN ROWA GENDER FOCAL POINT
SECOND REGIONAL SUMMER SCHOOL
CLIMATE CHANGE CHALLENGES
IN THE ARAB MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA

2. WHAT IS GENDER
The term “gender” refers to socially ascribed roles, responsibilities and opportunities
associated with women and men, as well as the hidden power structures that govern
relationships between them.

3. GENDER MAINSTREAMING
is the process of assessing the implications for women and men of any planned
action, policy or programme, in all areas and at all levels.
It is a strategy for making women’s and men’s concerns and experiences an integral
dimension of the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies,
initiatives and programs.
Its ensures that women and men benefit equally from the development process
that or at least inequality is not perpetuated
A gender-mainstreaming approach does not look at women in isolation, but instead
assesses the situation of women and men – both as actors in the development process,
and as its beneficiaries

4. REGIONAL WATER, CLIMATE CHANGE AND DRY-LAND
PROGRAM (REWARD) - IUCN ROWA

5. REWARD GOAL
Develop Systemic approaches to planning and management of
water resources on a watershed/river basin LEVEL
With special attention to:
 Developing practical methodologies
 Involvement of relevant stakeholders including the local communities.
 Influencing policies through networks
 Poverty alleviation and gender

6. Social, Ecological and Agricultural Resilience in the
Face of Climate Change
SEARCH
2011-2014

7. WHAT IS SEARCH
A Regional Partnership to develop and pilot a
resilience framework for local action planning
capacities and methodologies to increase
climate change resilience through
 Stakeholder dialogue, analysis and
concerted action.
 Joint learning,
 Participatory Planning and information
management
 Testing by stakeholders in demonstration
sites

8. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF SEARCH
The Heart of SEARCH:
 Strengthening resilience
 Encouraging change
 Documenting learning on resilience and change
The Vehicle for SEARCH
 Planning, implementing and analyzing of pilot projects to strengthen resilience of
watershed ecosystems and local communities
 REWARD Watersheds (Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Egypt and Morocco)
 Existing Stakeholder Platforms (local/national)

9. DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS
The projects revolve around:
Facilitating the stakeholders processes.
Undertaking field studies to complete existing information and data bases.
Piloting and developing a climate-resilience framework as well as generating
awareness and trust in the framework .
Empowering local communities and local government agencies in climate
vulnerability tools, planning and decision making.
Contribute to solving concrete local problems in water management, agricultural
development and livelihood security.
Documenting the learning and creating new insights.

10. Sustainable NR Management
Economic
Efficiency Social Equity
Environmental Sustainability

11. GENDER ENHANCES CLIMATE CHANGE POLICIES AND PROGRAMS
Solutions
Appropriateness Green
Women:
Agents of
Change
Enhanced
Implementatio Consumption
n
Behavioral
Change

12. GENDER ENHANCES CLIMATE CHANGE POLICIES & PROGRAMS
Women are agents of change and part of the
solutions through e.g. development of copying Solutions
strategies, adaptation
Solutions
Appropriatenes
Green
s
Women:
Agents
of
Change
Enhanced
Consumption
Implementation
Behavioral
Change

13. GENDER ENHANCES CLIMATE CHANGE POLICIES & PROGRAMS
Women are critical in mitigation, they have a
Green
Solutions
fundamental role in energy efficiency and
greener sources
Solutions
Solutions Consumption
Women:
Agents
of
Change
Appropriatenes Behavioral
s Change
Enhanced
Implementation

14. GENDER ENHANCES CLIMATE CHANGE POLICIES & PROGRAMS
Women have an immense power to change
Solutions
Consumption
consumption patterns
Solutions
Behavioral
Green
Change
Women:
Agents
of
Change
Enhanced
Solutions
Implementation
Appropriatenes
s

15. GENDER ENHANCES CLIMATE CHANGE POLICIES & PROGRAMS
Behavioral
Women have a key role within the household
Solutions
Change
to change attitudes and behavior within their
families
Solutions
Enhanced
Consumption
Implementation
Women:
Agents
of
Change
Appropriatenes
Green
s
Solutions

16. GENDER ENHANCES CLIMATE CHANGE POLICIES & PROGRAMS
Women are critical to ensure efficiency and
effectiveness of initiatives Enhanced
Solutions
Implementation
Solutions
Behavioral Appropriatenes
Change s
Women:
Agents
of
Change
Consumption Solutions
Green

17. GENDER ENHANCES CLIMATE CHANGE POLICIES & PROGRAMS
Decision-making includes broader and more
diverse perspectives at local, national and Solutions
Appropriateness
regional levels, and it better reflects the needs
and preferences of both men and women
Solutions
Enhanced
Solutions
Implementation
Women:
Agents
of
Change
Behavioral
Green
Change
Consumption

18. Policy platforms
Identify gaps
Policy
National level Initiator/facilitator
Establish National platform
Bring lessons andup in country
Scale successsites
Identify Pilot to national scale
National
Community level
Scale up in different sites
Establish community communities
platforms
Consolidate pilot
Identify lessons and. …
Learn together
Community
18 10/27/2012

19. WOOD FIREWOOD

20. 1. PRE-CONDITIONS FOR LOCAL LEVEL ACCOUNTABILITY IN NRM
Pre-conditions factor Low Slight Mid OK
Each rating for a pre-condition is
substantiated through a qualitative Awareness/Capacities and
assessment of a number of parameters or knowledge
indicators.
Benefits
The indicators are formulated in a
positive sense.
Access Rights and Control
Taken in consideration the context of
gender analysis for the LUG.
Facilitation and Leadership
These issues are critical to determine to
what extent basic rights of local people are Group Processes
or can be fulfilled to use a natural
resource
Claim-making Power

21. DEFINITIONS:
Awareness/Capacities and knowledge: Different targeted group are aware of the NR
situation in their community and in the Governorate, can analyze the current situation and
identify their problems, come to adequate local solutions and have the needed skills and
knowledge to manage their natural sources.
Benefits: Different targeted group are getting the benefits of Land sources and necessary
infrastructure for their land products. They are sensitive & aware of different socio-
economic interests and rights of their community.
Access rights & Control: Different targeted group are aware of land and NR situation,
their rights, roles & responsibilities to be accountable toward their sources. They have
ensured rights to access available natural resources and have the right to adequate
information as well as the right to organize to claim their rights to land use

22. DEFINITIONS:
Facilitation & Leadership: Different targeted group have ability to organize themselves
in a structured form in order to find proper solution to their problems.
Group process: Local communities have organized groups that work together &
develop strategies to advocate rights and claim benefits.
Claim Making Power: In the community there are organized community groups & high
levels of leadership to ensure that necessary information, facilitation skills, awareness,
knowledge and attitudes are available to claim rights and access to NR, to benefit from
available land resources and to manage and use in a sustainable way their Natural
resources In sort to make sure common groups and end-users can assume accountability
and ownership for their land resources

23. 2. CHECK LIST OF INDICATORS
Factors/ Pre conditions Low Slight Mid OK
Awareness/ capacities, Awareness among local Local community is aware People are aware of Local community has
knowledge community regarding to regarding their sources with problem & have the ability capacity & skills to manage
their Natural situation capacities to identify their to rank priorities. their land sources.
problems
Benefits Identify individual interest Address rights & interest of Understanding the different Take under consideration
(benefits, revenue) others in the community interest & rights of various the needs of various social
regarding to the natural social groups "women groups.
resource situation group, poor, ----".
Access Rights and Control Dominant group have Rights & roles of different Local community Group accountability to
access according to the community groups are accountability toward government authorities for
rights addressed respect the right for the respecting their rights
social group "women group, toward their sources.
poor, ----".
Community Leadership Address individual leaders Identify potential groups to Organized groups can Responsible leadership
among local community promote a collective work promote voluntary work & activities accepted from
"voluntary work" advocate rights local community
Group Process Organized group include Identify various social group Consider social diversity Organized group have the
dominate sector only. in forming organized groups within organized group ability & capability claim
benefits.
Claim-making Power Ability to identify problems Ability to solve local Have an access to Authorities take in their
according to needs. "internal" problems authorities to participate in consideration different
considering rights. solving problems. groups rights when making
decisions.

24. 3. IN DEPTH ANALYSIS
Defining Land Users groups (W/LUGs) and the Use of Natural resources is needed
to assess if such conditions are in place (or not).
To ensure that the poorest and most vulnerable have their rights share in NR and
can exercise control and ownership over it.
Its important to:
Identify all sources of Land /water
Identify all Users of Land/water
Identify ALL uses of Land/water (formal and informal economy)
Gender disaggregation of data
Question gender stereotypes
Identify access to Land/water (When, How much, How long, To what access of land benefit)
Identify control over land/water (Decision making power (formal/informal), Rights (formal/informal;
visible/invisible), Recognition and respect as user, Action to change is respected)

25. 4. FOCUS GROUPS
Choose with the community the most 2/WLUGs which considered them as most
marginalized groups in their village and represent the average situation in terms of
rights and accountability.
Then study in- depth analysis with the selected W/LUGs through what are their rights
to land use and the degree of accountability among different LUGs
A semi- structured checklists of questions were developed to in getting the
information needed for example:
Benefits:
 What's your expectations?
 Why you are interested in restoration planning?
 What is ones land/ water rights?

26. FOCUS GROUPS “CONT.”
Using Participatory tools determine knowledge network analysis for each W/LUGs
(what are of knowledge are important for the successful performance of the system?
Who are the source and user of this knowledge??????)
Then analyze the degree that rights are secured and accountability for NRM taken by
specific W/LUG the parameters as we defined

27. HOW WE BE SURE THAT WE ARE ON THE TRACK

28. PROCESS DOCUMENTATION;
WHAT AND WHY ?
What is process documentation?
Everything that happens between:
Intended Final
Objectives Results
The never-linear process of projects e.g. of change.

29. PROCESS DOCUMENTATION
Is a tool that helps to reveal change and trace the change processes in a
project.
It explains what, how and why things in project happen or not happen.

30. PROCESS DOCUMENTATION IN THE PROJECTS
Documenting processes is not only a set of documents which report on the
project progress, but it’s the documentation through: observation, analysis,
and put all these in words or pictures.
Its deal with what is happening during the project implementation:
mistakes, difficulties, how Stakeholder interact, opportunities used and/or
missed, unexpected effects (positive and negative), conflict and resistance.
Understanding change processes is important so that
interventions achieve the required impact and help decide if the
project can be replicated elsewhere.

31. One of the main tool for advocacy and documenting
the changes is

32. Lessons learned
• Accountability is important when assessing the degree that local people in communities
(groups and individuals) are willing and able to take ownership for the management of their
local water resources.
• Gender, rights and accountability concepts should be presented from the beginning of any
planning process.
• It will probably also gives further insights in decision-making and concerted actions processes,
while deepening understanding on attitudes and believes of different WUGs.
32

33. FIELD EXAMPLES
 In Levant, Families are irrigating the trees through a burying a bottle
with hole around close to the roots. The bottle will rinse the water to
roots without loosing any quantity.
 When planting seeds or seedling, women learned to reduce the
distance between seedling, this will form a shade and will protect the
bare soil from the sun and will conserve moisture

34. IN JORDAN
Home gardens depends on small-scale or hand irrigation ( Hoses), women are having
difficulties coping with drought. Therefore, they created new techniques and methods to
cop with water scarcity and rainfall fluctuation Following some of these techniques
 Women are focusing on vegetable crop in winter; summer crops which needs irrigation are hardly
seen.
 Women are planting short season vegetables instead of long season crops that requires larger
amount of water.
 Women are aware of the benefits of mulching; therefore, they are using different materials for
mulch, such as plastic sheets, weed residues, wood chops, fabrics, stones,..etc.
 Women are using extra water from the kitchen to irrigate the garden.
 Some women are using large quantities of organic fertilizers, they put it deep in the soil ( 20 cm)
so they can keep moisture for long time. Other are using straw or old cloths instead

35. MAINSTREAMING GENDER INTO THE CLIMATE CHANGE REGIME
Analyze the effects of climate change from both
a male and female perspective;
Incorporate a female perspective when Sara Ahmad
designing and implementing projects;
Gender-sensitive criteria and indicators should
Knowledg
be developed and applied; e Knowledge
Skills Skills
Decision- Decision-
When collecting and presenting data include making
Opportunit
making
Opportunities
women’s statistics as well as men’s; ies Self-
confidence
Self-
confidence
Capitalize on the talents and contributions of
both women and men;

36. MAINSTREAMING GENDER INTO THE CLIMATE CHANGE REGIME
Set targets for female participation in activities;
Ensure that women are represented in 50% of all decision-making processes;
Make women’s equality, access to information, economic resources and education a priority;
Focus on gender differences in capabilities to cope with climate change adaptation and mitigation;
Undertake a gender analysis of all budget lines and financial instruments.

37. Vulnerability
Resilience

38. FINAL MESSAGE 
A gender-sensitive approach, A
clear commitment to gender
equity and the empowerment of
women are critical in the support
of new initiatives in urban
services and environmental
protection; attention to gender
can increase projects
effectiveness, avoid costly
mistakes, and ensure equitable
access to livelihoods, resources or
benefits which the initiatives
makes available.