Female infanticide is the intentional killing of infant girls. It occurs most commonly in patriarchal societies with low social status of women and a strong cultural preference for sons. Factors like poverty, the dowry system, and lack of education contribute to female infanticide, which has negative effects like increased sexual violence and human trafficking. Laws have attempted to curb the practice by banning dowry and sex-selective abortion. Changing cultural mindsets through education is also important to address the root causes of female infanticide.