The document discusses the factory pattern in software design, particularly its application in creating different types of pizzas through various factory classes like SimplePizzaFactory, NYPizzaFactory, and ChicagoPizzaFactory. It emphasizes the separation of object creation and usage to allow for flexibility and adherence to design principles like dependency inversion. It also includes example classes and methods that illustrate how pizzas are created, ordered, and prepared.

1. Factory Pattern

2. Factory Pattern
Duck duck;
if (picnic) {
duck = new MallardDuck();
} else if (hunting) {
duck = new DecoyDuck();
} else if (inBathTub) {
duck = new RubberDuck();
}

3. Factory Pattern(Contd.)
Pizza orderPizza(String type) {
Pizza pizza;
if (type.equals(“cheese”)) {
pizza = new CheesePizza();
}
else if (type.equals(“greek”) {
pizza = new GreekPizza();
}
else if (type.equals(“pepperoni”)
{
pizza = new PepperoniPizza();
}
pizza.prepare();
pizza.bake();
pizza.cut();
pizza.box();
return pizza;
}

4. Factory Pattern (Contd.)
public class SimplePizzaFactory {
public Pizza createPizza(String type) {
Pizza pizza = null;
if (type.equals(“cheese”)) {
pizza = new CheesePizza();
} else if (type.equals(“pepperoni”)) {
pizza = new PepperoniPizza();
}
else if (type.equals(“clam”)) {
pizza = new ClamPizza();
}
else if (type.equals(“veggie”)) {
pizza = new VeggiePizza();
}
return pizza;
}
}

5. Factory Pattern (Contd.)
public class PizzaStore {
SimplePizzaFactory factory;
public PizzaStore(SimplePizzaFactory
factory) {
this.factory = factory;
}
public Pizza orderPizza(String type) {
Pizza pizza;
pizza = factory.createPizza(type);
pizza.prepare();
pizza.bake();
pizza.cut();
pizza.box();
return pizza;
}
// other methods here
}

6. Factory Pattern(Contd.)
NYPizzaFactory nyFactory = new NYPizzaFactory();
PizzaStore nyStore = new PizzaStore(nyFactory);
nyStore.order(“Veggie”);
ChicagoPizzaFactory chicagoFactory = new ChicagoPizzaFactory();
PizzaStore chicagoStore = new PizzaStore(chicagoFactory);
chicagoStore.order(“Veggie”);

7. Factory Pattern(Contd.)
public abstract class PizzaStore {
public Pizza orderPizza(String type) {
Pizza pizza;
pizza = createPizza(type);
pizza.prepare();
pizza.bake();
pizza.cut();
pizza.box();
return pizza;
}
protected abstract Pizza createPizza(String type);
}

8. Factory Pattern(Contd.)
public class NYStylePizzaStore extends PizzaStore {
public Pizza createPizza(type) {
if (type.equals(“cheese”)) {
pizza = new NYStyleCheesePizza();
} else if (type.equals(“pepperoni”) {
pizza = new NYStylePepperoniPizza();
} else if (type.equals(“clam”) {
pizza = new NYStyleClamPizza();
} else if (type.equals(“veggie”) {
pizza = new NYStyleVeggiePizza();
}
}
}

9. Factory Pattern(Contd.)
public class ChicagoStylePizzaStore extends PizzaStore {
public Pizza createPizza(type) {
if (type.equals(“cheese”)) {
pizza = new ChicagoStyleCheesePizza();
} else if (type.equals(“pepperoni”) {
pizza = new ChicagoStylePepperoniPizza();
} else if (type.equals(“clam”) {
pizza = new ChicagoStyleClamPizza();
} else if (type.equals(“veggie”) {
pizza = new ChicagoStyleVeggiePizza();
}
}
}

10. Factory Pattern (Contd.)
public abstract class Pizza {
String name;
String dough;
String sauce;
ArrayList<String> toppings = new
ArrayList<String>();
void prepare() {
System.out.println(name);
System.out.println(“dough...”);
System.out.println(“sauce...”);
System.out.println(“toppings:“);
for (int i = 0; i < toppings.size(); i++)
{
System.out.println(“ “ +
toppings.get(i));
}
}
void bake() {
System.out.println(“Bake”);
}
void cut() {
System.out.println(“Cutting slices”);
}
void box() {
System.out.println(“box”);
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
}

11. Factory Pattern(Contd.)
public class NYStyleCheesePizza extends
Pizza {
public NYStyleCheesePizza() {
name = “NY Style SCheese Pizza”;
dough = “Thin Crust Dough”;
sauce = “Marinara Sauce”;
toppings.add(“Grated Reggiano
Cheese”);
}
}
public class ChicagoStyleCheesePizza
extends Pizza {
public ChicagoStyleCheesePizza() {
name = “Chicago Cheese Pizza”;
dough = “Extra Thick Crust Dough”;
sauce = “Plum Tomato Sauce”;
toppings.add(“Cheese”);
}
void cut() {
System.out.println(“Cutting slices”);
}
}

12. Factory Pattern(Contd.)
public class PizzaTestDrive {
public static void main(String[] args) {
PizzaStore nyStore = new NYPizzaStore();
PizzaStore chicagoStore = new ChicagoPizzaStore();
Pizza pizza = nyStore.orderPizza(“cheese”);
System.out.println(“Ethan ordered a “ + pizza.getName() + “n”);
pizza = chicagoStore.orderPizza(“cheese”);
System.out.println(“Joel ordered a “ + pizza.getName() + “n”);
}
}

13. Factory Pattern(Contd.)
● The Factory Method Pattern defines an interface for
creating an object, but lets subclasses decide which
class to instantiate. Factory Method lets a class
defer instantiation to subclasses.
● It also helps to relate to parallel class hierarchies
(the Product and the Creator).

14. Dependency Inversion Principle
● Depend upon abstractions. Do not depend upon
concrete classes.
● A successor of this principle is Inversion of Control,
also known as Hollywood Principle (IoC in short).
● A successor of IoC is Dependency Injection
Principle.

15. Dependency Inversion Guidelines
● No variable should hold a reference to a concrete
class.
● No class should derive from a concrete class.
● No method should override an implemented method
of any of its base classes.

16. Resources
● Head First Design Pattern

17. Thank You