facial nerve anatomy

2.  The facial
nerve is the
seventh VII
cranial nerve.
 It emerges
on anterior
surface of
hindbrain
between the
pons and the
medulla

3. EMBRYOLOGY
The facial nerve
developmentally
derived from the
2nd pharyngeal
arch (branchial
arch) which is also
called the hyoid
arch.

4.  Motor division  from basal plate of
the embryonic pons
 Sensory division  from cranial
neural crest
The facial nerve supplies motor and
sensory innervation to muscles
formed by 2nd pharyngeal arch :
• Muscles of facial expression
• Posterior belly of the digastric
• Stylohyoid
• Stapedius

5. The anterior 2/3 of
tongue are derived
from 1st pharyngeal
arch, which gives
rise to CN V..
Nerve fibers for taste
are supplied by the
chorda tympani
branch of facial
nerve via special
visceral afferent
fibers.

7. STRUCTURE
The path of the facial nerve can be
divided into 6 segment :
1. intracranial (cisternal) segment
2. meatal segment (brainstem to internal
auditory canal)
3. labyrinthine segment
4. tympanic segment
5. mastoid segment
6. extra temporal segment

8. Course

9. INTRACRANIAL BRANCHES

10. EXTRA CRANIAL BRANCHES

11. BLOOD SUPPLY
 Labyrinthine artery : a branch of anterior
inferior cerebellar artery , supplies
meatal segment.
 Superficial petrosal artery: a branch of
middle miningeal artery which passes
retrogradely along greater superficial
petrosal nerve.
 stylomastoid artery : branch of occipital
artery, which passes retrogradely into
stylomastoid foramen.

12. FUNCTIONS
1. Facial expressions

13. 2. Facial sensation :
a. small amount of afferent innervation to
the oropharynx.
b. small amount of cutaneous sensation
carried by the nervus intermedius from
the skin in and around the auricle.
c. receives taste sensations from the
anterior 2/3 of the tongue via the chorda
tympani.

14. 3. Parasympathetic :

15. * facial nerve also functions as the efferent limb
of the corneal reflex.

17. EXAMINATION a. Voluntary facial
movements

18. b. Taste test

19. c. Corneal reflex

20. BELL’S PALSY

21. Ramsay Hunt Syndrome :

22. UPPER & LOWER MOTOR NEURON LESION

23. Any questions ?

24. Thank U ^_^

25. References :
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facial_
nerve
 Clinical Anatomy 9th Edit _ Snell

26. DONE BY :
OLA QATU
SUBMIT TO :
DR.KAREEM