Fear Phobias Explained 40 Characters

Extended Parallel Process Model Of Fear
Fear Is To Gain
There are currently 7.442 billion people in the world. 7.442 people in the world that are all experiencing fear. Accordingly, out of those people in the
world, 19.2 have a specific phobia caused by fear. Which is an unpleasant emotion caused by the belief in something or someone that's likely to be
dangerous, threatful, or cause pain. Now, the way all people see the world is different. Just like all people have fear of different things. In other words,
everyone once in their lifetime is going to have fear or something. Whether that fear is being scared to ride a 72 Mph roller coaster, going to see the
dentist, or just being themselves. The real question is, is fear for the good or bad? Fear could come in both ways, but if we ... Show more content on
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19.2 billion people in the world have a specific phobia because of fear. Here is an example of fear for the worst. You have a phobia called
thanatophobia, which is the fear of death. You spend your whole life being scared of death that you don't live your life to the fullest. You don't go
on hikes because you're afraid you going to fall and die, you're afraid of traveling because you fear you could be attacked at any given time. You
isolate yourself from the entire world around you because you have a feeling that if you take one step outside it could cause your death. With the
phobia of this, you aren't even really living. You isolate yourself from even your friends and family, sports, education, everything. It turns you to
going crazy and ending up doing stupid things till the point you lose everything. Maybe even your life. This is fear for the bad because you don't use
fear to your advantage. You let fear win, and you become someone you're
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Essay on Phobias
Phobias
Fear is a normal and an important human reaction to something dangerous, it keeps one out of danger, because fear is disliked and one tries ones best
to avoid the object or situation of fear. It causes physical changes known as fight–or–flight reaction, which causes blood pressure to increase and the
heart rate to speed up to pump blood to the large muscles used to run away, to balance this the human body has sweat glands which produce
perspiration to cool the body.
Usually young people experience more fear than adults do (Metcalf).
When one has a fear of something, one normally does not spend much time thinking about it, and it only affects one when one is forced to confront it.
Just about everyone is afraid of something, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, phobia can even cause people to risk their health. For example, the fear of dentists can leave people suffering from it willing to risk the
health of their teeth in order to avoid having to go through an exam or procedure ( MacKay). When one knows about an upcoming confrontation, it
can be the reason why one can not sleep or finds it hard to focus on important tasks. Due the change in daily routine, this unrealistic fear can interfere
with the ability to socialize, work, or go about everyday life, brought on by and object, event or situation. But even animals have anxieties and phobias
just as every human being (www.phobia–help.de). A phobia is an irrational fear, one knows that the object or situation, one is scared off, can not hurt
one, but one is still afraid. A reason for this is that the human mind can not distinguish what is real and imaginary. When one has uncontrollableanxiety
attacks, he loses rational judgement, leading to complicated problems. However, anyone can develop a phobia, men and women, teens and young
adults, and elderly lady or a one–year–old boy (MacKay). Thereby it is not completely clear, what the causes for phobia are. Phobia is often caused
by something scary that happened earlier in somebody's life, but not every one develop phobias after special experiences. An explanation for this
could be that for some people certain parts of the brain and specific neural pathways are associated with phobias. It is

Common Specific Phobias
Everyone has a point in their life when they feel anxious or nervous. First day of a job, driving on the interstate, or even meeting new people can
cause sweaty hands, shakiness, and heart pounding. These are all signs can lead to the diagnosis of anxiety. For some people the anxiety can help
them focus on a task, but for others it can interfere with the work set before them. If it were at a point of no control then he or she may be suffering
from a type of mental disorder more commonly known as an anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorders are not just nerves, a person cannot overcome it on
his or her own. If possible the person would completely avoid the sources of anxiety at all cost and not face it on his or her own ("Phobias"). This is
called ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Often people experience panic attacks sometimes it can be one or two in a lifetime or it can be repeatedly suffering from a panic disorder. Panic attacks
have "at least four of the following symptoms of panic: palpitations of the heart, tingling in the hands or feet, shortness of breath, sweating, hot and
cold flashes, trembling, chest pains, choking sensations, faintness, dizziness, and a feeling of unreality (Comer 157)." There are two different
perspectives for panic disorders, the biological perspective and the cognitive perspective. The biological perspective is linked to antidepressant drugs
that carry into the activities of the norepinephrine in one's brain. The cognitive perspective is when a biological factor is only a part of the reason
why people have panic attacks. People with panic disorders are not able to function regularly. They need some type of help and guidance to help them
perform day–to–day activities. Therapy sessions both biological and cognitive allow the chance to help improve the patient's misinterpretations of their
bodies' reaction. In excess to help stop the frequent panic attacks, and allow the patients to live a regular

Frightened Children : Phobias And Childhood
Frightened Children: Phobias in Childhood Marissa Kohler PS–506: Lifespan Development Jennifer Pedersen, Ph.D. October 22, 2014 Kaplan
University Frightened Children: Phobias in Childhood Introduction Phobias typically present themselves for the first time during childhood. In most
cases they are outgrown over time. However, there are some cases where specific phobias do not get outgrown and eventually become debilitating
when they grow to interfere with an individual's daily life. Childhood is a period during which an individual begins to interact with more of the world
around them. A child is constantly introduced to new people, things and experiences. As this happens if a child does not also... Show more content on
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Jackson likes to look at nature and animal picture books and watch nature shows on television. His parents and teachers have noticed behavioral
changes in him over the past few years. He has progressively developed a few phobias to things, specifically spiders, heights and germs. The
purpose of this research was to determine the origin of Jackson's phobias and see if there was a specific incident or event which caused them.
Determining the specific cause would assist in finding an effective treatment method for Jackson to learn appropriate coping skills and possibly
overcome the phobias. Background Jackson was diagnosed at three years old with pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified
(PDD–NOS) after his parents noticed a significant regression in his vocalizations, attention and interactions with people. His behavior changes led to a
secondary diagnosis of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Though he has limited verbal communication skills and below normal social interaction
skills, Jackson currently attends a mainstream school where he receives a combination of individualized instruction time and mainstream instruction.
Jackson's mother has strong anxiety related to heights. She takes great care to avoid situations which would place herself in that type of environment.
His mother also has a tendency to raise a fuss over safety conditions if Jackson encounters a situation where she is afraid. Jackson's

Reaction Paper On Phobias
One of the most common disorders suffering individuals in contemporary societies is the phobic disorder. Etymologically, the word phobia is the
English equivalent of the Greek word "П†ОїОІОЇО±", which means morbid, unreasonable, compulsive, and agonizing fear (Greek Language). The first
noticed occurrence of a phobia happened approximately in the fourth century B.C., and was made known to us by Hippocrates, in his work The
Seventh Book of Epidemics. However, the specific term "phobia" was not used until half a century later, when it was incorporated by the Roman
doctor, Celsus, in the word hydrophobia. (The History of Phobias, 2012)The ancient origins of this word reveal that phobic disorders were first
established many centuries ago. In Psychology, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Brain Chemistry
This model attributes specific phobias to abnormalities in the areas of the brain that are related to fear and anxiety. In particular, it is said that specific
phobias stem from increased responsiveness to fearful stimuli, of fear and stress– associated areas of the brain, such as the sympathetic nervous system
(SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) (David Sue, 2013).
The SNS is responsible for triggering fear responses and preparing the human body to face threatening situations. The amygdala and the hypothalamus
of the brain belong to the SNS. The PNS is the system which returns the body to its normal, relaxed state after exposure to the threat has ceased. More
specifically, once an individual comes into contact with a fearful stimulus, the amygdala is activated and in turn activates the hypothalamus. The
hypothalamus activates the rest of the SNS with the objective of preparing the body to face the stimulus. A signal is sent by the hypothalamus to the
adrenal glands which release epinephrine in the bloodstream. The epinephrine brings upon physiological changes , increasing the alertness of the brain
and the energy levels of all body parts. If the brain continues to perceive the stimulus as dangerous, the hypothalamus releases corticotropin–releasing
hormone (CRH), which triggers the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). ACTH prompts the adrenal glands to release cortisol, which aids
the body in remaining alert. Once the individual

Bobo Doll Experiment
Background
Phobias are a type of anxiety disorder that causes people to persistently become extremely irrational and strongly avoid/object a particular thing or
situation when in their presence. The causes of phobias are still largely unknown, but what we do know is we all have fears in some shape or form;
whether it be a common phobia such as: animals, insects, reptiles, the dark, acrophobia (heights), drowning, micro–phobia (germs), claustrophobia
(closed spaces); or something less common such as: fear of rain or fear of beards.
A common debate in regards to psychology is determining whether aspects of various behaviours are a product of being inherited (genetic) or
developed by an experience or by the influence of somebody. Usually, these... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
aggression) can be acquired by observation and imitation. The experiment consisted of children from the age's three to six being split and put into
three separate rooms with a bunch of toys and an adult, in which they observed how the adults interacted/played with the toys. In one room, the
children witnessed the adult acting aggressively towards a toy called the bobo doll. When it was time for the children to individually go back in the
room to play, the majority of the children reciprocated what they saw the adults doing. Another set of children were placed in a room and observed to
a non–aggressive model (adult) where the model played with everything but the Bobo doll. When the children were placed in the room, the majority
of them acted in the same manner as the adult previously in the room. Lastly, another set of children were put into a room without any sort of model;
they played accordingly without any influence. In relation to my survey, six out of ten people stated how they have witnessed a bad experience happen
to someone and later took on that phobia. In conclusion, I believe the Bobo experiment supports my hypothesis of how phobias can be inherited by
influence instead of by

Living with the Extreme Fear Created by Anxiety Disorders...
Anxiety disorders are mental disorders caused by extreme or severe anxiety often caused by overwhelming worries, fears, and stress. Phobic disorder,
commonly known as phobia, is a type of anxiety disorder wherein the individual acquires an excessive and irrational fear of a particular object or
situation, with the fear being out of proportion to the real threat. "The word [phobia] is derived from Phobos, the Greek god of fear, whose likeness
was painted on masks and shields to frighten enemies in battle." (Passer and Smith 537) Jennifer Ong defines phobia as a heightened sense of fear.
Also, according to her, psychologists assert that the fears in phobia are usually based on irrational grounds.
A fear develops into a phobia when a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The situations mentioned may indicate being involved in situations wherein escape is difficult or impossible (Gazzaniga et al. 536). According to
Jennifer Ong, individuals with agoraphobia have a fear of leaving their homes or place of security. A person with this phobia fears to be alone in
places wherein he thinks that his life will be at risk like bridges, crowded stores, and busy streets. In these situations, individuals would need the
accompaniment of a family member or friend, since no one can predict when a panic attack can occur. Besides this, based on distribution, it is more
common for women to suffer from agoraphobia than men. (Magee, 1996)
The second type of phobic disorder is social phobia. According to John Santrock, "Social phobia is an intense fear of being humiliated or
embarrassed in social situations. Individuals with this phobia are afraid that they will say or do the wrong thing." Those with this phobia are
afraid of being judged and evaluated negatively and of being made fun of. According to Ong, they fear groups of people, individuals, or specific
situations. This phobia includes fear of speaking in public or being under scrutiny. It is sometimes referred to as stage fright. Fear of public speaking
is said to be the most common kind of social phobia. Social phobia hinders the affected persons to socialize with others. The said individuals may be
excessively self–conscious and

Theories Affecting Anna's Fear Of Snakes
The DSM 5 defines a phobia as a persistent and unreasonable fear of an object (or situation) that is generally avoided to refrain oneself from intense
anxiety. By contrast, a fear is absolutely rational and reasonable as the feared stimuli is usually threatening to the individual. There are various types of
phobias, these include social phobias, agoraphobia and specific phobias. If it is assumed that Anna has a phobia of snakes, this would be a specific
phobia as such disorders are defined as a person who, when exposed to the feared stimuli (in this case, snakes), experiences extreme anxiety. There are
several theories that may be considered to help explain how Anna acquired this specific animal phobia. The theory of classical conditioning,... Show
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Many researchers have investigated gender differences and the prevalence of fears and phobias, with several studies reaching the same conclusions,
resulting in concurrent validity. One sample of 336 males and 384 females responded to a questionnaire consisting of statements which they
determined true or false to ascertain whether they had a phobia or not (Fredrikson et al, 1996). Findings reveal that males only had an animal phobia
prevalence of 3.3%, while females had a prevalence of 12.1%, therefore suggesting that there are in fact gender differences in phobias, with females
being more vulnerable. However, as this study used the self–report method it is possible that demand characteristics skewed the results as males are
more likely to deny their phobias. This may be because fear is not considered a masculine trait by society but females are generally portrayed as the
weaker gender and so may be more willing to admit to their phobia. This therefore limits the validity of this theory in relation to Anna and Bjorn.
Nevertheless, this study also investigated the age differences in the prevalence of phobias and found that animal fears were more common in younger
children than adults, although since Anna and Bjorn are both the same age, this does not explain why Bjorn does not fear snakes. Similar findings

Essay about Phobias Explained
Many people claim to be afraid of spiders, but probably not to the degree of 37–year–old "Mary Muffet" of Seattle. Mary went to many lengths to be
spider–free, including sealing her windows and doors with duct tape, spraying her car with bug killer, and putting every single piece of washed and
ironed clothing into its own sealed plastic bag. She wasn't just afraid of spiders; she had arachnophobia, a phobia, not to be confused with a simple fear.
Phobias are not simple; they are complex in both their origin and diagnosis, with many types that people suffer from and any number of treatments exist
to date.
What is a phobia?
Phobias are described as "a persistent, irrational fear of an object, activity or situation that compels a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
What causes a phobia?
There is currently insufficient research in the field of phobias to determine a definite, clear cause. What is known is that phobias are common in
children and do not represent an abnormality. Phobias can start in childhood or adulthood. Some people have suddenly become terrified of things
they've been doing for years, somewhat like a flight attendant that suddenly begins to have panic attacks on her 500th flight. In most cases, phobias
are thought to branch from a confrontation with the feared object or situation. "Six of every ten persons who suffer phobias are able to remember
when the fear crisis occurred for the first time, i.e., when the sensation of panic became attached to the place or situation where it first happened"
(Masci, 2002, p.2). Most phobias do not interfere with an individual's normal functioning to the point of seeking treatment. There is usually no family
history of mental illness or of the same phobia. For example, a person with claustrophobia (fear of being in small–enclosed spaces such as an elevator)
does not necessarily have a relative that is mentally ill or is also claustrophobic. Most simple phobias develop in childhood and eventually go away.
Ones that remain rarely go away without treatment. There are theories that some phobias occur more naturally than others. It is thought that they are
somehow built into the brain. Many experiments with monkeys display this particular theory. "Shown videos of a

Psychopharmacology And Mental Disorder-Phobia
Psychopharmacology and Mental Disorder– Phobias
Psychopharmacology is the study of the mind and its behavior in regard to medication and mental disorders. Its focus is to find the best treatment
options and medications for specific mental disorders, in such case as phobias. Phobias are an extreme form of anxiety that impacts the person's
everyday life, which is why the pursuit of better more effective medicinal alternatives is important.
Phobias are a form of anxiety and a heightened sense of fear. Like fear, but times two or ten depending on how bad it is. There are several different
forms of extreme anxiety, but the most common types of phobia is simple and social. These categories consist of phobias that involve objects, insects, or
situations ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The best treatment for phobias are a form of psychotherapy called exposure therapy and a combination of cognitive and behavioral therapy.
Although occasionally your doctor may also recommend other therapies or even medications to which we have also seen satisfying results.
Understanding the cause of their phobia is "actually less important than focusing on how to treat the avoidance behavior that has developed over
time. The goal of treatment is to improve quality of life so that you're no longer limited by your phobias. As you learn how to better manage and
relate to your reactions, thoughts and feelings, you'll find that your anxiety and fear are reduced and no longer in control of your life. Treatment is
usually directed at one specific phobia at a time" (Specific phobias). By talking with mental health professionals you can help manage your phobia.
Exposure therapy ultimately focuses on altering or changing your response to the specific situation(s) or object(s) that you fear. Repeated, gradual
exposure to "the source of your specific phobia and the related thoughts, feelings and sensations may help you learn to manage your anxiety" (Specific
phobias). CBT involves "exposure combined with other techniques to learn ways to view and cope with the feared object or situation differently. You
learn alternative beliefs about your fears and bodily sensations and the

Phobia Informative Speech
a.Visualize driving to the doctor's office. You have a yearly check
–up today, which you don't mind at all. However, it's that time of year again. You
know that you'll be getting the flu shot, as well. Your heart is pounding, you can't control how sweaty you are, and you're shaking hard enough to
impair your driving. This isn't just a simple fear; it's debilitating beyond belief, and you can't stop the imminent feeling of danger and doom. The
thought of the needle going into your arm sends you into a state of intense fear that you can't avoid. If you've ever experienced something similar to
this, you may have aichmophobia, which is phobia that is based upon the fear of needles or sharp objects (Aichmophobia, n.d.).
b.Almost everyone has fears. It can be as simple as a fear of spiders or as complex as a fear of being in a car accident. However, whenever that fear
combines with anxiety and a few other factors, it is actually a phobia.
c.I'm sure a lot of you already have a general idea of what a phobia is, but today I will tell you more about what distinguishes a phobia from simple
fear or anxiety, what the symptoms are and the effect they can have on a person's life, how a person gets a phobia, and what can be done to treat it.
II.Body of the Speech
a.What are phobias?
i.To begin with, it is important to distinguish a phobia from fear or anxiety. ii. A phobia goes beyond just being afraid of something. According to
MedlinePlus (2016), it is an anxiety disorder

What Is Specific Phobia
Specific Phobia
Introduction
In all cultures and across all times, anxiety and fear have been significant factors in the lives of humans. We all are genetically programmed to
become anxious about things that cause harm or abandonment, but if we pair any thoughts, feelings, actions or sensations with a specific objects this
can cause anxiety. However not all people are experiencing anxiety in the same manner. In this assignment we will look at what is irrational fears,
what causes it, how does that affect the persons life and how can he be helped to over come it. What is phobia?
Irrational fear that interfere with a person's life adjustments it is called phobia. Word and meaning phobia came from Greek mythology: Phobos was a
son of Aries, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Living with the specific phobia can be very distressful and it has an affect not just on personal life but on family life too. The person with animal
phobia will become distressed and constantly vigilant around locations of animals and will put all power to avoid and to escape. This avoidance
prevents phobic person and his family from enjoying nature and exploring their environment. Fro example, the parent with insect phobia would not let
the child to play outside, would not open the windows with fear of insects getting inside.
An individual with injury phobia will avoid visits to doctors, and even bringing his own child to doctor visits. It will be very hard for an individual
with blood phobia to deal with an injured child. A parent with blood phobia will find difficulty in attending to injured child. Also, there will be a
possibility of parent fainting when he sees blood that will create significant distress for a child too.
The person who has natural environmental phobia will center all his thoughts on thunder, lightening or strong winds, constantly check the radio and
TV weather forecast. The child of parent with this phobia would become very anxious around time of

Speech Outline Essay
Common Phobias (Sample Informative Prep Outline)
General Purpose: To inform.
Specific Purpose: After hearing my presentation, my listeners will be able to name and describe several common phobias.
Central Idea: The most common phobias fall into three main categories – social, survival, and environmental phobias.
Organizational Pattern: Topical
INTRODUCTION I.(Attention Material) Rose Marie had fears that she allowed to take control of her life. A. Fears, even small ones, can grow into
phobias. B.Normal, rational fears can become problems. C.When these fears begin to dominate a portion of your life, they are called "phobias", which
are defined by the American Psychological Association as "a strong, persistent,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Now let's look at a second type of phobias.)
II.The second type of phobia is the survival phobia. A.A college student rides a three day train to school. 1.She is afraid of flying. 2.She has
aerophobia. B.A businessman had to quit his job when his office moved to the thirty–second floor of a building. 1.He could not ride in an elevator. 2.He
had claustrophobia. C.There are many more survival phobias. 1.Hypnophobia is the fear of sleep. 2.Electrophobia is the fear of electricity.
3.Thanatophobia is the fear of death.
III.The third, and broadest category of phobias, is the environmental phobia group. A.Howard Hughes had mysophobia, a fear of germs. B.A Brooklyn
politician had a fear of newspapers and wet newsprint. 1.This hindered his career. 2.He learned to read the newspaper without actually touching it.
C.There are several other environmental phobias. 1.The fear of storms has two subtypes. a.Keraunophobia is the fear of thunder. b.Astraphobia is the
fear of lightning. 2.The fear of heights is acrophobia. 3.The fear of water is hydrophobia.
(Transition:Now that we've discussed these three categories of phobias, and some specific examples of each type, let's review what we've learned.)
CONCLUSION

I.(Summary of Main Points) There are three broad categories of phobias. A.Social phobias are those phobias that make it hard to

The Conscious And Subconscious Facets of a Phobia
Fear is an inevitable bodily defence mechanism that has been around since the beginning of human evolution. Every human being experiences fear
intermittently throughout their lifetime, in some, their fear(s) are so severe that they interfere with daily activities. An irrational fear of an object,
situation, or activity that a person feels obligated to avoid is considered a phobia 1. The word "phobia" originates from the Greek word "PhГіbos" that
translates as morbid fear 5. Phobias present themselves in different intensities. For example, one person may show negligible symptoms of
claustrophobia while another could be completely conspicuous and avoid enclosed spaces altogether. Studies show that the reason for phobias to arise
comes from ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A person with a specific phobia frequently experiences immediate anxiety and panic outbreaks when faced with the fear, mention of their fear in
extreme cases may also trigger these outbursts 4. Although both types of phobias involve diverse components, the process of diagnoses for each is
quite comparable. Phobias describe certain fears that we as humans encounter. Some of which are very interesting while others are downright
outrageous. People subsisting with indirect phobias either endure their fear with a lot of stress and anxiety, avoid the feared situation/object all
together or take many irrational precautions when coming into contact with their fear 7. For example, Howie Mandel copes with his germaphobia
by shaving his head entirely and instead of shaking hands with people he touches fists. This is a much more reposed way of subsisting with
germaphobia for Howie Mandel. In the past Howie scrubbed his hands vigorously with soap which eliminated the antibodies in his hands 9. People
subsisting with direct phobias other than social phobias have the opportunity to simply avoid their cause of fear, while those with indirect phobias do
not. A person who has Arachnophobia can easily avoid places and situations where they assume arachnid insects will be present 3. Those with social
phobias have a disadvantage when it comes to coping with their fear. It is nearly impossible to avoid uncomfortable social interaction

Phobias In The Seventh Book Of Epidemics
Phobias have been in existence for many years. Phobias date back to the works of Hippocrates, a prehistoric Greek physician (Korgeski, 2009). The
works of Hippocrates are still debated today. In The Seventh Book of Epidemics, one of the publications by Hippocrates, he studied an individual and
he interpreted a condition that the person portrayed. The results of the observation were that the individual was petrified of the sound of a flute, if he
wasn't intoxicated. He noticed the individual was fine during the day listening to the flute but during the night hours everything was different
(Korgeski, 2009). From this observation and the work of Hippocrates helped contribute to the creation of term phobia. The word phobia was formulated
from ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Situational type phobias are fears of being in confined spaces (i.e. elevators) or being afraid of heights. An example of being afraid of heights is
getting n roller coasters. Natural environment is being fearful of weather storms (i.e. thunder and lightning). Blood injection is a subject type under
specific phobia because some individuals fear blood and/or going through medical procedures (i.e. giving blood). Animal type means to be afraid of
animals. For instance, 30.5% of the United States society fears spiders (Fear/Phobia Statistics, 2012). Specific phobia can be treated in various ways.
One way to help treat specific phobia is through cognitive behavioral therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy is a therapy used to help target behaviors
and help examine the thoughts and cognitions (Berkman, Blickman, Heine, Malekzadeh, Teunissen, Bussmann, Kwakkel, Meeteren, Groot,
TREFAMS–ACE, 2013). This treatment can help a person with specific phobia because this therapy can be used as an active intervention to help the
individual face their fears of

Examples Of Thanatophobia In The Pardoner's Tale
Thanatophobia Everyone has at least one phobia, be it clowns, public speaking, or spiders. One common phobia is thanatophobia, or the fear of death.
This is the second most common fear in the United States, with 68% of the population having thanatophobia (Fear / Phobia Statistics). But is the fear
of death actually about death, or is it actually the fear of when you die? Or even how? In "The Pardoner's Tale," three young men who are described as
foolish, drunken, and greedy hear of a friend's life being taken by Death; these three men, while in their drunken rage, set out to find and destroy Death
for what he had done. They stumble upon an older gentleman who directs them to an oak tree where they can find Death. However, instead they spot

Essay on Treating Phobias
Treating Phobias
Wood (1999) describes a person suffering from a phobia experiences a persistent, irrational fear of some specific object, situation, or activity that
poses no real danger (or whose danger is blown all out of proportion). Agoraphobia, social phobia, and specific phobia are three classes of phobia.
Agoraphobics have an intense fear of being in a situation from which immediate escape is not possible or in which help would not be available If the
person should become overwhelmed by anxiety or experience a panic attack or panic–like symptoms. People who suffer from social phobia are
intensely afraid of any social or performance situation in which they ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
And those with a severe dental phobia will actually let their teeth rot rather than visit the dentist (p522). It is very important that people suffering from
phobias be treated, in order to be able to enjoy their lives to a higher extent, literally speaking for those individuals suffering from acrophobia.
Claustrophobia and acrophobia are two types of phobias that are usually treated by therapists. Acrophobia is the situational phobia in which there is
a fear of heights. Being on a bridge, in a tall building, flying, or in any situation in which height will cause discomfort would fall into this category.
Prior treatments for acrophobia would make the patients confront their fear. Acrophobes would be treated by gradually riding a glass elevator floor
by floor or by standing on high balconies, going to a higher floor every other time over and over until they feel comfortable with the situation. Now
and days acrophobes can be treated for their phobias by using virtual reality.
Virtual reality therapy is being widely used at present time. It is so widely used that is has become very cost effective. Treatment for acrophobia
takes place in the doctor's office and no longer requires taking trips to tall buildings or bridges. Virtual reality therapy requires the phobic sufferer to
wear a helmet, reading sensors, and to stand in a

Specific Phobia Specifiers
Specific Phobia, under the category of anxiety disorder, there are five different specifiers. Nonetheless, this paper will focus on the treatment for
claustrophobia, a situational phobia subtype. In general, there are two types of treatments, psychological and biological. However, several research
suggested that cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT), which incorporates the exposure of anxious situation to the patient, can obtain approximately
70%–80% of improvement rate (Beidel, Bulik, & Stanley, n.d., P.156). Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to determine which type of CBT would
be the most effective for specific phobia situational specifier patients who are experiencing personal distress or distress to others and/or functional...
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In vivo exposure to fear is when the patient is physically exposed through real–life experiences; whereas, imaginal exposure involves directing the
patient to visualize the situation. Unfortunately, in vivo exposure have several disadvantages. For instance, treating aviophobia patients could be
expensive and time–consuming since the patient and the therapist would need to fly on an actual airplane. Some common events that the patients are
fear of can be unethical to recreate, such as a plane crash. On the other hand, imaginal exposure can be limiting. The patient might be unwilling to
imagine an unpleasant occasion, or one could simply be unable to imagine the fearful event due to poor concentration, poor memories and so on.
Consequently, virtual reality (VR) therapy is now an alternative that is frequently used as a standard exposure treatment for heights and flying phobias
(as cited in Rothbaum et al., 2002, P.428–432). While the professional VR system could be relatively expensive, the study conducted by Malbos,
Mestre, Note, & Gellato (2008) suggested that a multi–component therapy that involve VR exposure using mainstream video–game level of editor with
powerful 3D engines would also be effective comparing to the professionals after eight

Fear Of Spiders Research Paper
Arachnophobia is the all encompassing fear of spiders. If you are like most people, you have at least a touch of the phobia. While you might not have
an irrational fear like those who suffer with the condition, you likely don't care much for the small, eight–legged arachnids. That makes you normal.
Thankfully, though, in South Carolina there are very few spiders that can do you any actual harm. They are the most terrifying spiders found in the
Carolinas:
The Black Widow:
You are probably familiar with the black widow's appearance. It has an almost glossy sheen to its body and has an hourglass shaped red mark on the
underside of its abdomen. The made widow spider is smaller than the female version and rarely bite. The more aggressive females bite more often but
still will usually bite only in defense. The most common reason for them to attack is if they are guarding eggs or laying eggs.
The female black widow prefers to spin her silken web in a protected space, such as under decks, house steps or stones. They are rarely found inside
of houses. The black widow bite produces sharp pain that typically lasts for hours, resulting in localized muscle cramps. The pain can become severe
and spread to other parts of the body and be accompanies by tremors and weakness. Cold clammy skin, a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is yellow to light brown in color and on the smaller side, with its body only measuring around 3/8" long. When its long legs are extended, its
length grows by more than an inch. The easiest way to identify the brown recluse is its three pair of eyes. The brown recluse won't seek out humans
to attack as it is shy by nature. It typically hunts for prey at night and hides during the day. However, its hiding places can lead to accidental bites as
they like to hide in ceiling light fixtures, under insulation in attics, under furniture, in boxes or in closets. These locations are prime areas for them to
be accidently found and thus result in a

Specific Phobias
The most common treatment for specific phobias is a form of psychotherapy called exposure therapy, although other treatments include other therapies
or medication (Andrews et al. 2009). The goal of treatment for specific phobias is to improve quality of life so that patients are no longer limited by
their phobias. Exposure therapy focuses on changing the response to the object or situation feared. Gradual, repeated exposure to the source of the
specific phobia and the related thoughts, feelings and sensations can help patients to learn to manage their anxiety (Andrews et al. 2009). There are
many variations of exposure therapy. In vivo exposure involves confronting the phobic stimulus head on but gradually. For example, a patient suffering

Acrophobia And Claustrophobias
A phobia is a type of anxiety disorder. It is a strong, irrational fear of something that poses little or no real danger. There are many specific phobias.
Acrophobia is a fear of heights. Agoraphobia is a fear of public places, and claustrophobia is a fear of closed–in places.A phobia is a type of anxiety
disorder. It is a strong, irrational fear of something that poses little or no real danger. There are many specific phobias. Acrophobia is a fear of heights.
Agoraphobia is a fear of public places, and claustrophobia is a fear of closed–in places.A phobia is a type of anxiety disorder. It is a strong, irrational
fear of something that poses little or no real danger. There are many specific phobias. Acrophobia is a fear of heights. Agoraphobia... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are many specific phobias. Acrophobia is a fear of heights. Agoraphobia is a fear of public places, and claustrophobia is a fear of closed–in
places.A phobia is a type of anxiety disorder. It is a strong, irrational fear of something that poses little or no real danger. There are many specific
phobias. Acrophobia is a fear of heights. Agoraphobia is a fear of public places, and claustrophobia is a fear of closed–in places.A phobia is a type of
anxiety disorder. It is a strong, irrational fear of something that poses little or no real danger. There are many specific phobias. Acrophobia is a fear of
heights. Agoraphobia is a fear of public places, and claustrophobia is a fear of closed–in places.A phobia is a type of anxiety disorder. It is a strong,
irrational fear of something that poses little or no real danger. There are many specific phobias. Acrophobia is a fear of heights. Agoraphobia is a fear
of public places, and claustrophobia is a fear of closed–in places.A phobia is a type of anxiety disorder. It is a strong, irrational fear of something that
poses little or no real danger. There are many specific phobias. Acrophobia is a fear of

Acrophobia: Fear and Heights
Acrophobia is an irrational fear of heights or high places. Many people dislike heights, but someone with a clinical case of acrophobia can have
intense emotional and physical responses at just the thought of being in a high place. Acrophobia is simply a severe fear of heights. Now being afraid
of heights is a common and sometimes appropriate feeling. But the phobia part kicks in when you feel afraid in a safe environment such as inside a
skyscraper. Acrophobia is treated with graded exposure therapy. (Horton, 2011) Fear of heights seems to have a simple physiological explanation, and
there is a solution to it: Learn to rely more on your ears for balancing. Fear of heights
In this essay I try to analyze my fear of height through ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Those kind of treatments that are supposed to work for everything from insomnia to arachnophobia and shyness to talk to girls. I was pretty skeptical.
The more I went to the mountains the less confident and more acrophobic I became. Other popular treatments suggested on the internet include group
therapy, meditation, aromatherapy, drugs, anxiety relief. Well, not my kind of stuff. Besides, I might have other phobias in mild forms, but I felt pretty
strongly that this is different and a cure–it–all solution won't work.
In a way, fear of heights may seem natural. It is supposed to protect one from falling, by forcing them to avoid dangerous situations altogether. In this
way it can even be seen as a healthy dose of caution or survival instinct. Except I don't buy that. For me fear of height is not avoiding any danger, it is
the cause of the danger, by not allowing me to stay cool and rational and continue walking on a perfectly safe, not–too–steep hiking trail. What's going
on here? Others have said that acrophobia is a conditioned fear, where some past negative experience triggers the panic attack. It is often considered
some protective action of the unconscious mind. Even though I've heard of people who have died in climbing accidents, I know this is not the
explanation for me. Whenever I felt fear of heights, later it seemed

Taking a Look at Fears and Phobias
Fear is an inevitable bodily defense mechanism that has been around since the beginning of human evolution. Every human being experiences fear
intermittently throughout their lifetime, In some, their fear(s) are so severe that they interfere with daily activities. An irrationalfear of an object,
situation, or activity that a person feels obligated to avoid isconsidered a phobia (1). The word "phobia" originates from the Greek word "PhГіbos" that
translates as morbid fear (5). Phobias present themselves in different intensities. For example, one person may show negligible symptoms of
claustrophobia while another could be completely conspicuous and avoid enclosed spaces altogether.Studies show that the reason for phobiasto arise
comes ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A person with a specific phobia frequently experiences immediate anxiety and panic outbreaks when faced with the fear, mention of their fear in
extreme cases may also trigger these outbursts (4). Although both types of phobias involve diverse components, the process of diagnoses for each
is quite comparable. Phobias describe certain fears that we as humans encounter. Some of which are very interesting while others are downright
outrageous. People subsisting with indirect phobias either endure their fear with a lot of stress and anxiety, avoid the feared situation/object all
together or take many irrational precautions when coming into contact with their fear(7). For example, Howie Mandel copes with his germaphobia
by shaving his head entirely and instead of shaking hands with people he touches fists. This is a much more reposed way of subsisting with
germaphobia for Howie Mandel. In the past Howie scrubbed his hands vigorously with soap which eliminated the antibodies in his hands (9). People
subsisting with direct phobias other than social phobias have the opportunity to simply avoid their cause of fear, while those with indirect phobias do
not. A person who has Arachnophobia can easily avoid places and situations where they assume arachnid insects will be present (3). Those with social
phobias have a disadvantage when it comes to coping with their fear. It is nearly impossible to avoid uncomfortable

Speech On Spider Phobias
One day, I watched the movie Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them with two friends. When the snakes appeared, a friend immediately covered her
eyes with her hand. Then there were many butterflies in the movie. Another friend said, "Oh, my God, butterfly! Feifei, tell me after they fly away!"
WhatпјџBeautiful butterfly? I can understand some people fear of the snakes, but I am a little surprised that some people are afraid for the butterflies or
rainbow.
B. Audience Relevance: Probably you or your friends fear something such as spiders, mice, airplanes, blood, dentists, or oceans. If it influences some
people's work and life, they may have phobias.
C. Credibility: My mum fear rainbow, and my friend scare butterfly. These are unusual cases, but spiderphobia is common. I am interesting in phobias
especially spider phobia, and I want to explore more information about this topic.
D. Thesis Statement: Spider phobia is a powerful, irrational fear of the spider, and it is one of the most common fears. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Main Point Preview: First, I will explain what spider phobia is. Second, I will introduce some treatments for spider phobia.
в…Ў. Main Point 1: Spider phobia is a specific phobia, and it influences people's work and living. A. According to the article written by E. Landau
in 2010, for CNN. Many American have at least one specific phobia, agoraphobia, or social phobia. More than 19 million American adults have a
specific phobia and that approximately 1.8 million American adults have agoraphobia, which typically develops about age 20. In addition, about 15
million American adults are suffered from social phobia. Phobias comes from a mixture of environmental and genetic factors. The article written by J.
Abdulmalik in 2017, for The Nigerian Tribune. Fear is a normal biological protective mechanism. When people face a dangerous situation, the fear sets
off an alarm bell in their heads. Then, people can prepare their bodies to cope with the emergency

Symptoms And Treatment Of Phobias
Fear is an aspect of life people deal with every day. Being afraid is part of what makes people human. Fear that grows with adulthood or causes
people to have different conduct is known as a phobia. A phobia can elicit physical or emotional discomfort when it comes to the fear of an object or
situation that can be treated by therapy or medication in most cases, or untreatable in others. There are four subtypes of specific phobias known as:
blood injection injury, animal, situational, and natural environment. Sometimes treatment of phobias can be difficult to determine because of the wide
range of phobias that exist. There has not been an adequate amount of research conducted on phobias which makes it difficult to study or comprehend...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A research group stated "Specific phobia is one of the most prevalent disorders in the general population and yet it has received limited attention from
researchers in the growing field of neuroscience" (Caseras et al., 2010). The need for understanding phobias is imperative for the people who are
suffering from the symptoms that challenge their daily life. One study has done research on links between the phobias and neurobiological substrates.
The authors state:
"Moreover the degree of provoked anxiety by phobia–relevant images was strongly associated with activity in the dorsal ACC and the anterior insula
in the SP phobics but not in the BII phobics. These differences in blood oxygen level–dependent (BOLD) response could suggest the existence of
distinct neurobiological substrates associated with specific phobia subtypes, challenging the view of specific phobia as a unitary entity" (Caseras et al.,
2010).
This study may prove that there could be a cure to phobic reactions if they can find the cause of the phobia. These studies of the dynamics of the brain
could be revolutionary in the world of phobia diagnosis and treatment of patients.
There are excessive amounts of phobias that have been medically determined. "About 4.4% percent of the adult population in the USA has one or more
phobias which will mostly persist for years and become chronic; complete remissions without

Specific Phobia Of Claustrophobias
1). Emmitt, who has just suffered a serious knee injury, cannot undergo an MRI because he has an irrational fear of narrow, enclosed spaces.
Answer: Specific Phobia of Claustrophobia (King, 2016); specific phobias consist of irrational fears of specific thing or circumstance. Claustrophobia
is a fear of narrow, enclosed spaces.
2). Andre has 16 different people, each with its own unique traits and memories, living inside of him. He thinks they sometimes "take turns" running
his affairs for him, but has such a poor memory from day to day; he can't really say for sure what's going on. If his claims were accurate, you would
suspect he is suffering from this disorder.
Answer: Dissociative Identity Disorder (King, 2016); consists of having multiple personalities and wall of amnesia
3). Tony has been in and out of jail since he was an adolescent. He hits, steals, and he destroys property and says he enjoys doing so "because people
are stupid". He shows little remorse for his crimes, behaves impulsively, and lacks empathy for the rights and feelings of others.
Answer: Antisocial Personality Disorder (King, 2016); psychological disorder with the individual possibly having psychopathic tendencies
4). While awakening one day, Theresa suddenly begins to have difficulty breathing. She hyperventilates, her heart pounds wildly, and she feels weak
and dizzy. She believes she is having a heart attack and is honestly afraid that she's going to die in the next minute or two. (Assume she is not having a
heart attack.)
Answer: Generalized Anxiety Disorder (King, 2016); Theresa doesn't know the source of her anxiety
5). Sarah has an unrealistic fear of shopping in crowded stores and walking home through crowded streets. She has begun to spend more and more
time home alone in order to avoid the awful, scared feeling she gets when she goes out in public.
Answer: Social Anxiety or Social Phobia (King, 2016); social situations are the cause of her anxiety
6). Sam's friends are starting to worry about him. Ordinarily an attentive and engaged man, Sam has become withdrawn and sullen. He has lost weight,
is constantly tired, cannot sleep, and hasn't been showing up for church meetings or to go to his son's soccer games. In

Specific Phobia Essay
Transient fears for certain objects or situations are common. However when fear is extreme and disproportionate to the threat posed by specific
stimuli that is avoided or endured under duress, it is characterised as a specific phobia (APA, 2013). The common types of specific phobia are animal,
e.g., dogs, spiders; natural environment, e.g., water, heights; blood, injection or injury (BII), e.g., dental phobia, medical procedures; situational, e.g.,
elevators, flying; and other miscellaneous phobias such as clowns, fear of choking. While debilitating, specific phobias are the most treatable of
psychiatric disorders, however many people do not seek treatment because of their fear of being confronted with the feared stimuli (Wolitzky–Taylor,
Horowitz, Powers & Telch, 2008). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There is a high comorbidity within individuals with 75% having multiple specific phobias (DSM–5, 2013). However, the diagnosis of specific phobias
is difficult as they are frequently comorbid with other anxiety disorders sharing similar features. (Ost, eds, H. K. Hood and M. M.

Phobia Research Paper
Known as a mental disorder a phobia is a persistent fear of a specific object, activity, or situation that leads to compelling desire to avoid it. Phobias
tend to affect the way people live their lives, for example, their working and social environments, considering that they last for a very long time and are
capable to cause intense psychological physical stress. It is considered today the most common mental and anxiety disorder in the United States (Matig
Mavissakalian & David H. Barlow 1981 pp 2). There are many phobias such as: the fear of aging, fear of changing, fear of clowns, fear of getting fat,
fear of being in closed spaces, etc.
One who encounters phobias has to deal with a collection of uncontrollable symptoms when their ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This specific phobia can lead to the person experience of an intense fear when not being able to break out of a populated area (Barlow &
Mavissakalian, pp 4). This causes people having to evade open and heavily crowed environments with little possibilities to exit over their massive
fear of going through a panic attack. Therefore, today there are signs in many rides at themed parks that warn people of the closed areas. This
specific category of phobias causes the person to fear traveling on bus or even waiting in a line. This phobia can also lead to being dependent of
someone because they are too afraid to go outside of their homes. Barlow & Mavissakalian (1981 pp 4–5), implicated that the clinical picture painted
is consistent and consists or fears of going out to public places and open and crowded places, fears of walking alone or using any means or public
transportation, and fears of being alone at home. Agoraphobia is the most disabling of all phobias and usually begins in early adolescence.
When a child is at a young age and experience some kind of traumatic event it is most common that this child will grown a fear anything that triggers
the memory of the specific event. Gersely (2001) stated that traumatic events have the capability to trigger specific phobias. For instance, if a person
experiences are traumatic car accident they might have difficulty later learning how to drive or might develop a fear in

Argumentative Essay On Arachnophobia
Arachnophobia–this is irrational fear is one of the most common in the world. Indeed, this phobia can plague the minds and psyche of just about
anyone, regardless of race, gender, or age. In fact, arachnophobia is one of the most copious of the specific phobias and it afflicts people across
regardless of their geographical and cultural boundaries, (Graham C.L. Davery 2014). People who suffer from this phobia tend to feel uneasy in any
area they believe could harbor spiders or that has visible signs of their presence, such as webs. If an arachnophobic sees a spider they may not enter the
general vicinity until they have overcome the panic attack that is often associated with their phobia (Princeton 2014). Additionally, it is estimated that as
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, there are multiple different theories on how such fear is created inside of an individual. It can be explained through the psychoanalytic
approach which implies that a person might have experienced something frightening associated with spiders, in the days of his or her youth. Another
plausible option could be explained through the evolutionary approach, which suggest that this fear is a predisposed or it has been passed down by
years of adaptation and natural selection. Finally, the development of arachnophobia can be explained through the cross–cultural approach of
psychology, which basically entails that an individual can develop this fear because of how the culture he or she grew up in perceive spiders in a
very negative way. Truthfully, all of these are very likely explanation to how people attain such irrational fear for these eight legged creature.
Undoubtedly, once the scientists have reached a conclusion as formed a solid answer to this question, a cure for this phobia is just a around the
corner. However, until then the "itsy bitsy spider" remains not so "itsy bitsy" in the minds of the people who suffer the irrational fear called

Traumatic Phobias
Phobias are an everyday annoyance found all over the world. Almost every human has some form of a phobia. Phobias can be as small as being afraid
of spiders, or as big as being afraid of dying. Research has proved that one in 10 people suffer from a mildly traumatic phobia, and one in five hundred
people suffer from an extremely harmful phobia. Phobias are classified as an anxiety disorder. Due to the distress of attempting avoidance of these
fears, they become a huge part of people's everyday lives and can even become disabling. B. F. Skinner made numerous discoveries about the
principles of instrumental conditioning in the 1940's and 1950's. He created models of animals and their phobias. Joseph Wolpe contributed to the
study as well in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Sigmund Freud believed that phobias had to do with our external bodies reflecting what our internal emotions feel. Sigmund also believes the
source of phobias always links back to your childhood. I agree with this theory. As a child, your mind is so open and vulnerable that anything can
influence it. So if you were taught to be scared of snakes as a kid, you will most likely carry that with you your whole life. Luckily, our world has
learned to be so advanced to be able to help us cope with these phobias. There are many therapy techniques that are made specifically with your
phobia in mind. In an article I read, I learned about a case of a woman named Ellen. Ellen had a fear of flying due to a past uncomfortable experience.
She was given hands on therapy that exposed her completely to her fear. She was taken to visit airports and gradually worked up to just sitting on
planes. Once she was comfortable, she took various flights that increased in time. Nearly two years later, Ellen got her pilot's license. As we
advance farther into science, we are able to get closer and closer to picking apart phobias. We are able to reach into the human brain, study it, and
help cure our fears! How cool is that? Although testing on animals isn't right, we can thank monkeys for helping expand the knowledge of
psychologists on phobias. As the years go on and we accumulate more cases, we

The Five Sub-Types Of Specific Phobia
Specific phobia, also known as simple phobia, is an anxiety disorder characterized by persistent and unreasonable fear of something or fear of a
situation, wherein such fear is not proportionate to the danger or risk of that thing or situation that a person has the fear of. The five sub–type of
specific phobia are the animal, natural environment, blood injection injury, situational and others. The most common specific phobia is the animal
phobia. Examples of this animal phobia include fear of dogs, snakes, insects or mice. To prevent over diagnosis of specific phobia, DSM 5 have made
several changes based on the over assessment of danger or erratic fear. To be considered as one of the specific phobias, it should meet the requirements

Specific Phobia
The experiment consisted of 23 participants that met the inclusion criteria which includes:
(1) Meet DSM–IV criteria of specific phobia in spiders
(2) Minimum of one–year duration of phobia
(3) Patient must not be able to remove lid of a cage with a tarantula prior to treatment
(4) Have no other psychiatric problem
(5) No current alcohol or drug dependence
(6) No severe physical illness
An interesting aspect of this experiment was that there was no fixed amount of sessions, rather, the clinical psychologists "established a criterion to
define the completion of treatment" [3]. The completion of treatment was determined when the patient holds a big virtual spider with low levels of
anxiety. The average number of sessions to reach this stage was 4, ranging from three to ten. Each session the patient is exposed to the spider to
eventually being in direct contact with the spider.
In conclusion, VR exposure significantly reduced levels of anxiety and avoidance of spiders after an average of four sessions. In addition, VR exposure
showed more efficacy than the control group in reducing the main features of the phobia. The control group showed no improvement versus the VR
exposure group that showed great improvement. Not only was the change statistically significant, but clinically significant. Moreover, none of ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Symptoms can be manifested in emotional and psychological ways such as insomnia, flashbacks, anxiety, depression, or increased agitation. Exposure
therapy, without the use of VR, has been used as a source of treatment for PTSD, allowing a patient to gain greater mental control and knowledge of the
traumatic event [8]. Though VR–graded exposure therapy (VRET), is also aimed to help patients understand the context of the traumatic event, VRET
promotes emotional engagement, inhibiting the ability to bypass triggers

How Phobias Affect People And How Can Overcome Their Phobia
Purpose: At the end of my speech, the audience will know how phobias affect people and how to overcome their phobia.
I.Introduction
a.Imagine being so afraid of something that you try everything in your power to avoid it. For example, someone who fears spiders is not going to
walk that trail that leads into a wooded area and you can almost guarantee that the person who isn't too fond of heights isn't going to walk across that
tall bridge. If you ask these people why they won't partake in these activates, they would probably respond with "I don't want to" or "I'm afraid to".
Sure most, if not all, of us are afraid of something. I'm not thrilled to be standing up in front of everyone giving a speech, but here I stand.
b.If your fear prevents you from doing certain activates, then it isn't just a fear, it is actually a phobia. In 2013, Patterson wrote that, "A phobia is
described as a chronic and extreme fear of an object or situation out of proportion to the danger actually presented by the feared "thing." (p. 58).
c.I find this description to be most accurate because I, at one point in my life, had a phobia. The phobia I had is called coasterphobia and if the
name isn't a dead giveaway, it is the fear of rollercoasters. At that time, you could have offered me five hundred dollars to get on a rollercoaster and I
would have turned it down without hesitation. It wasn't until about three years ago that I overcame my phobia and now I absolutely love roller coasters.
d.

Phobias In Evolutionary Psychology
Phobias in Evolutionary Psychology
[Biology]
Name: Chelsie Ramirez
Essay Category: Biology
Faculty Advisor: Monique Lopez
Grade Level: 8th
School Name: Eastmont Intermediate School
School Address: 400 N. Bradshawe Ave.
Montebello, CA 90640
School Phone: (323) 721– 5133
Essay Abstract
Robert H. Herndon Memorial Science Competition
The title of my paper is ''Phobias in Evolutionary Psychology.'' The purpose of my essay is to answer the question of ''Why do I have this phobia?'' and
''Can I conquer and face my worst fears?'' I explain what a phobia is in detail using psychology expert Kendra Cherry and Science Daily newspaper as
sources. My conclusions were not theoretical as they were all based on fact and respectable research from reliable ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
'' states behaviorism expert About.com. The science of the mind uses certain techniques to rid our brains of the certain detestation we have. Kendra
Cherry psychology expert states, ''Positive reinforcement involves the addition of a reinforcing stimulus following a behavior that makes it more
likely that the behavior will occur again in the future.'' To put in simpler words if you get rewarded for doing something compliant you will want
to keep doing that one good thing over and over again because it makes you pleased with yourself. You can use this to conquer your fear because
with the example of the dog, you can see a small dog in a pet shop window and look at it. After you can treat yourself to something you love. This
causes your brain and yourself to feel delighted with the small step you took

Counseling Research
Analyzing Interventions: Solution Focused Brief Therapy
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to show how using different research methods such as: quantitative, qualitative, single–case designs, action
research, and outcome–based research is used to form an intervention focused on an adolescent with any kind of phobia based on the Solution–Focused
Brief therapy. Not to retract in time, but to help the client come up with a possible solution of their phobia within a short amount of time. Different
researches show the different ways and strategies of information gained by different counselors.
Discuss the importance using research to advance the counseling profession (2 paragraphs)
There are many things that research brings to the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Looking at what earlier researches psychologists have done in their interventions will also help guide my practice. Something very interesting that I
noticed in this research was that they were very aware about the client's culture (multicultural) background in order to be able to understand how they
would attend them best.
Provide a summary of the state of research as it relates to your topic of interest. (1–2 pages)
As noticed in my articles I wasn't focused on a specific type of phobia but just all in general. I found this topic to be important to me because my
mom happens to have phobia of snakes and gets these "anxious" attacks that as I was reading in the articles it's a common sign in most patients.
First thing I saw in relation to my topic is that in order to have a successful care the patient needs to be willing to try the things the counselors ask, but
most of all is to establish that trust between counselor and client. Start with little steps at a time where the client starts achieving small goals at a time
to eventually decrease to loose the phobia completely.
Discuss any legal and ethical considerations regarding the research examined. (1–2 pages)
With phobias it may not necessarily be illegal, but it may cause a deeper problem if therapy is not done correctly. For example, allowing the client to
immediately be submerged into a room where for instance the phobia was bees and the room was full of bees.

Anxiety Disorder Causes
Many of us are afraid of certain things in particular, but what happens when that fear reaches higher levels? What happens when that fear takes over
our bodies and produces a negative effect on us? The answer to these questions is clear; we are dealing with an anxiety disorder, to be more specific: a
phobia. According to The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM–5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013), a person
with anxiety disorder suffers from panic attacks. They have continued and unpredicted episodes of intense fear and anxiety, accompanied by physical
symptoms in response to danger (p.227). However; Licht, Hull and Ballantyne (2014) said that what characterizes a phobia is that panic attacks and
excessive anxiety appear only in the presence of a specific stimulus (p.555). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
People are more likely to have symptoms of anxiety if they are not treated early. It occurs more often in women than men, and it is diagnosed only
when symptoms are not caused by medications or substances. In a phobia, fear or anxiety always occur when it is in contact with the object or
situation (stimulus) that it's avoided by the person. Mostly, this excessive fear is out of proportion and it is persistent for 6 months or more. In
addition to that, people usually have more than one fear or specific phobia. In these cases, there are given a diagnosis separately to each phobia
(American Psychiatric Association,

Phobia Is An Extreme Or Irrational Fear Of Or Morbid Fear?
Phobia
Today I am going to be writing about phobia. The word phobia comes from the Greek: П†ПЊОІОїП‚ (phГіbos), meaning "aversion", "fear", or
"morbid fear". In popular culture, it is common for specific phobias to be given a name based on a Greek word for the object of the fear, plus the suffix –
phobia. Creating these terms is something of a word game. Few of these terms are found in medical literature.
Phobia is an extreme or irrational fear of or aversion to something. People usually get phobias because an unwanted, persistent fear of a certain
situation or object causes an overwhelming distress and interfere with daily life. Phobias are long lasting, it can cause intense physical and
psychological reactions. Phobias are mental ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The amygdala processes the events accompanying with fear and is being linked to anxiety disorders and social phobias. It learns to associate a
conditioning stimulus with a negative or avoidant stimulus, creating a conditioned fear response that is often seen in phobic individuals. In this way
the amygdala is accountable for not only recognizing certain stimuli or cues as dangerous, but plays a role in the storage of intimidating stimuli to
memory.
Not all phobias need treatment. If a phobia affects your daily life therapies are available that can help you overcome your fear. There are many
approaches used to treat phobias. These approaches include: systematic desensitization, progressive relaxation, virtual reality, modeling, medications,
and hypnotherapy.
1.Systematic desensitization also known as graduated exposure therapy is a type of behavior therapy used to help successfully overcome phobias and
other anxiety disorders.
2.Progressive relaxation is a method for learning to monitor and control the state of muscular tension.
3.Virtual Reality replicates an environment that simulates a physical presence in places in the real world or an imagined world, allowing the user to
interact in that world.
4.Modeling which is also called observational learning is a behaviorally based process that involves the use of live or symbolic models to determine a
particular behavior
5.Medication Medications can help regulate the uneasiness and fear that comes from

The Phobia Is Defined As An Irrational Fear That Produces...
Stanford 1
Moriah Stanford
Mr. Stuart Grunder
Psychology
21 August 2014
Acrophobia
"A phobia is defined as an irrational fear that produces a conscious avoidance of the feared subject, activity or situation." In Adrian Preda's article
"Phobic Disorders", it was said that many people have multiple specific phobias. The average person with specific phobia fears around 3 objects and/or
situations, and approximately 75% of people with specific phobia fear more than 1 situation or object. (Adrian Preda, "Phobic Disorders").
Acrophobia comes from the fear of falling and being injured or even killed. This is normally the result of a traumatic experience from a point in
someone's life. The purpose of this paper is to give some background knowledge on phobias, specifically Acrophobia: fear of heights. Also, about the
symptoms and causes, some case studies and the treatments for Acrophobia.
Phobic disorders are one of the most common forms of psychiatric illness. There are so many different phobias. Some examples are, Social Anxiety
Disorder, Agoraphobia: the fear of being alone in public places, Cynophobia: the fear of dogs, and Arachnophobia: the fear of spiders. Anxiety is a
big common factor when experiencing phobic disorders. A disorder can start off really small and not be that big of a problem, but over time it can
increase and get
Stanford 2 really bad to where you can't work, travel, or even be around others. If it gets anywhere around that point then this person needs to

Is Fear Or Phobia? Essay
Introduction
Fear or Phobia?
Fear. Fear is an emotion that we have all experienced at least once or twice throughout our lives. It's actually quite normal to be a little nervous around
a snake slithering at your feet, or maybe even getting sweaty palms before giving a speech in front of a large crowd. But when that fear starts to become
unbearable, so much so to the point that it becomes difficult to function, there is a possibility that something a little past a simple fear is being
experienced. Aphobia is what could be occurring.
What is a Phobia?
According to Depla, phobias are one of the most widely prevalent mental disorders on a lifetime basis. Only major depressive disorder and alcohol
abuse have a higher lifetime prevalence in the surveys that were conducted. They also found a very high linkage between people suffering from a
specific phobia to having other mental disorders as well, a percentage as high as 80%. Things bring forward the question, what exactly is a phobia?
A phobia is an irrational and/or disproportionate fear of an item or circumstance. More likely than not, the phobia consists of a sense of endangerment
or a fear of harm says Raphael Rose, PhD, associate director of the Anxiety Disorders Research Center and associate clinical professor at the University
of California–Los Angeles' Department of Psychology and Psychiatry and Bio behavioral Sciences. The National Institute of Mental Health reports that
an estimated 19.2 million adults are dealing

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