2. What is Mongo DB?
MongoDB is a popular open-source NoSQL
database management system (DBMS)
designed for flexibility, scalability, and high
performance.
NoSQL stands for "not only SQL," and it
represents a category of databases that do
not adhere to the traditional relational
database model, which is based on tables
with rows and columns.
3. Features of
MongoDB
Document-Oriented: MongoDB stores data in documents, which are
essentially JSON-like objects with key-value pairs. These documents can
have nested structures, making it easy to represent complex data.
Schema-less: Unlike traditional relational databases, MongoDB does not
require a fixed schema. This means you can add or remove fields from
documents as needed without affecting other documents in the same
collection.
Scalability: MongoDB is designed for horizontal scalability, which means
you can distribute your data across multiple servers or nodes in a cluster
to handle large amounts of data and high traffic loads.
High Performance: MongoDB is optimized for high read and write
throughput. It uses memory-mapped files to efficiently access data, and it
supports various indexing options to speed up query performance.
4. Rich Query Language: MongoDB provides a powerful query language for
retrieving and manipulating data. You can perform queries that match specific
document fields, use aggregation pipelines for more complex transformations,
and perform geospatial queries for location-based data.
Replication and High Availability: MongoDB offers features like replication
and automatic failover to ensure data availability and fault tolerance. In a
replica set, multiple MongoDB instances maintain copies of the same data to
provide redundancy.
Data Consistency: MongoDB offers tunable levels of data consistency to
meet different application requirements. It supports both strong and eventual
consistency models.
Community and Enterprise Editions: MongoDB is available in both open-
source community and commercial enterprise editions. The community edition
is free to use, while the enterprise edition includes additional features and
support.