Exposure is determined by the amount of light recorded by a camera's sensor during photography. The three elements that determine exposure are aperture, shutter speed, and ISO. These elements work together and adjusting one affects the overall brightness of the photo. Metering a scene on a mid-tone gray allows for a properly exposed photo, while metering on black or white can result in under or overexposure if the meter reading is followed.

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EXPOSURE
- Total amount of light allowed to fall on the
photographic medium or sensor during the process of
taking photograph
- Refers to how bright or dark your photo is due to the
amount of light that is recorded by your cameras
sensor.
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2. EXPOSU
RE PROPERLY EXPOSED
•resemble the brightness of the
original scene.
POORLY EXPOSED
(Under & Over)
•either be too dark or too bright and
may contain areas that are so dark
or bright that they contain no detail
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3. Camera Meter
Device ( either built-in or hand held)
measures the amount of light
reflected from or falling on the
subject.
recommends a shutter speed and
an aperture value to achieve correct
exposure
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4. METERING STYLE
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5. Incident & Reflected
Incident Metering - reads the intensity of light falling on the subject (handheld meter)
Reflected Metering - reads the intensity of light reflecting off of the subject, they are easily
fooled by variances in tonality, colour, contrast, background brightness, surface textures and
shape. (camera built-in meter)
Incident Meter - more accurate than reflected metering
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6. EXPOSURE
SHUTTER
SPEED ISO
LIGHT
(water that APERTURE amount of size of the
flows through time it takes bucket (small
(the hose)
our hose) to fill the bucket more
bucket with sensitive)
water
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7. ELEMENTS OF EXPOSURE
Light – the most important element of exposure. Light creates shadows, highlights textures,
accents, colours, creates moods and emotions, and a vast array of other enhancing effects in a
photo. Light can also create harsh contrasts, bright spots, dark spots, glare, and other issues
that are sometimes associated with poor photographs.
The aperture is an adjustable hole inside your lens that may be made larger or smaller to
control the intensity of the available light.
The camera’s shutter is the device that opens and closes for a specified amount of time to
allow the light entering the lens to expose the film. The duration of the opening is determined
by the amount of light entering the lens. The aperture and shutter work together to produce
correct exposures.
ISO of our sensor. The ISO rating of film describes its sensitivity to light. Higher numbers on
this rating mean that the film is more sensitive to light and will expose faster than lower
numbered ratings. Example: 200 speed film will expose twice as fast as 100 and four times
faster than 50.
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8. Exposure Triangle
•Each corner of the triangle
represents one of the three
variables, Aperture, Shutter
Speed and *ISO.
*ISO (International Standard Organization)
APERTURE – controls the area of which
light can enter the camera
SHUTTER SPEED – controls the duration
of exposure
ISO – controls the sensitivity of your
camera’s sensor to a given amount of
light
NOTE
Adjusting just one of these will make the
photo darker or brighter and will change
the appearance of the photo based on
what you have changed
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9. Camera Histogram
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11. ISO
International Standard
Organization
ISO measures the sensitivity of
the image sensor. The same
principles apply as in film
photography – the lower the
number the less sensitive your
camera is to light and the finer the
grain. Higher ISO settings are
generally used in darker situations
to get faster shutter speeds
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12. ISO 100 ISO 3200
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13. Mystery of the Gray Cat
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14. Colour
Variations
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15. White - Gray - Black
Black does not reflect much light, It reflects
approximately 9% of the light that is falling on it.
White reflects much more. It reflects
approximately 36% of the light that falls on it.
Gray is neutral. It reflects approximately 18% of
the light that falls on it.
meter on black, our camera will detect less light
than it should. If the camera detects a deficiency
of light, it will cause you to overexpose your
photograph if you follow the meter reading.
meter on white, the camera will detect too much
light and cause you to underexpose your
photograph.
meter on a gray area, the camera should allow
you to calculate a correct exposure.
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16. 18 % gray reflectance
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17. Getting the right exposure
White on white Black on Black
www.google.com
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18. COLLOSEUM f/ 13, 1/250 sec. 18 mm
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19. LETS SHOOT
Try BLACK subject against BLACK background
&
WHITE subject against WHITE background
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20. Types of Meter
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21. Center-weighted
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22. Evaluative / Matrix
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23. Partial Meter
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24. Spot Meter
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25. Spot Meter
Spot Meter – most accurate but the trickiest & hardest to use
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26. BRACKETING
series of images of the same scene at a
variety of different EXPOSURES that
"bracket" the metered exposure (or manual
exposure).
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27. Auto bracket / Button
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28. Bracketing
Purpose of Bracketing
1. Inability to judge the correct exposure, based on camera LCD
2. Safety purposes
3. Doesn’t have enough dynamic range to record (HDR)
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29. How to Bracket the shots
-Manually adjusting through AEB button
-Manually adjusting through changing the Aperture, Shutter
Speed of the camera.
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30. Shoot using different exposure
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33. Silhouette / Back Lighted
Subjects
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36. Remedy the back-lighting
situation
Adjust the exposure manually
Use of reflector
Use of flash as fill
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37. www.robfontanilla.com copyright 2011
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