The document traces the evolution of music players from 1877 to present day. It begins with Thomas Edison inventing the phonograph, the first device for recording and playing back sound using cylinders. The gramophone was later invented in 1887 using flat discs instead of cylinders. In the early 20th century, wire and magnetic tape recorders were developed in Germany. In the post-war era, 45rpm records and cassette tapes gained popularity as more portable music formats. Compact discs were released in the 1980s, followed by MP3 players in the late 1990s and the iPod in 2001, marking Apple's entry into the portable music player market. Technology continues to advance, improving the playback and storage of digital music.