Everett Dietrick outlined five key features of integrated pest management (IPM) in 1969:
1. Avoid disruptive pesticides to protect beneficial insects and develop pest resistance. Use softer pesticides and selective applications.
2. Build refuges like cover crops and field borders to provide habitat for beneficial insects.
3. Monitor fields to understand relationships between pests and natural enemies and determine treatment thresholds.
4. Develop cultural practices like crop rotation and harvesting techniques that utilize pest and natural enemy behaviors.
5. Release beneficial organisms at early seasons to suppress pests below economic damage levels over time.
This presentation, discussing some concepts of ecological based pest management and vegetable entomology research findings, was given by Dr. Ayanava Majumdar at the Alabama Food and Farm Forum, 2010, in Selma, AL (USA). Please acknowledge the author and Alabama Cooperative Extension System when using the data for education and training. The research data is preliminary and should be interpreted with caution. For further information about this or other slideshows contact Dr. A at 251-331-8416.
This presentation was delivered at the Georgia Organics Annual Conference in Atlanta on February 23, 2013. Provides basic information on IPM approaches in sustainable vegetable production systems.
This presentation was delivered at five vegetable production meetings across Alabama and it consisted of various sub-topics such as new insecticides, trap cropping, pheromone-based monitoring systems, and insect identification and scouting techniques.
This presentation, discussing some concepts of ecological based pest management and vegetable entomology research findings, was given by Dr. Ayanava Majumdar at the Alabama Food and Farm Forum, 2010, in Selma, AL (USA). Please acknowledge the author and Alabama Cooperative Extension System when using the data for education and training. The research data is preliminary and should be interpreted with caution. For further information about this or other slideshows contact Dr. A at 251-331-8416.
This presentation was delivered at the Georgia Organics Annual Conference in Atlanta on February 23, 2013. Provides basic information on IPM approaches in sustainable vegetable production systems.
This presentation was delivered at five vegetable production meetings across Alabama and it consisted of various sub-topics such as new insecticides, trap cropping, pheromone-based monitoring systems, and insect identification and scouting techniques.
This presentation was developed by Dr. A and delivered at the home garden vegetable production workshop in Selma, AL. This presentation discusses a new insecticide mode of action and correct application techniques along with several research updates.
This is a new presentation on trap cropping developed by Dr. Rammohan Balusu of Auburn University, Alabama. Please contact a Regional Extension Agent for more information.
This presentation was part of the ACES Commercial Horticulture Webinar Series presented on March 29, 2020. Please feel free to reach out to me for more information. Please provide us feedback by scanning the QR code at the end with your phone! Thanks!!
This is a short update about some new vegetable insecticides suitable for chewing and sucking insect pest control. This is preliminary information - please contact your Extension service and industry personnel for recent recommendations. Insecticide label is the law - please follow the label! For IPM articles, newsletters and training videos, visit www.aces.edu/vegetableipm.
This presentation was developed for high tunnel crop producers who are regularly plagued by many chewing and sucking insect pests. This presentation ends with a brief discussion of organic insecticides and other pest management methods. For questions, call 251-331-8416 or contact the county Extension office in your state.
This presentation provides an overview of trap crop research and demonstrations in tomato (mainly) and squash production system. This paper was presented at the International IPM Symposium, Baltimore, MD (March 20, 2018).
Release of large numbers of insectary reared natural enemies with the goal of “augmenting” natural enemy populations or “inundating” pest populations with natural enemies.
This presentation was developed by Dr. A and delivered at the home garden vegetable production workshop in Selma, AL. This presentation discusses a new insecticide mode of action and correct application techniques along with several research updates.
This is a new presentation on trap cropping developed by Dr. Rammohan Balusu of Auburn University, Alabama. Please contact a Regional Extension Agent for more information.
This presentation was part of the ACES Commercial Horticulture Webinar Series presented on March 29, 2020. Please feel free to reach out to me for more information. Please provide us feedback by scanning the QR code at the end with your phone! Thanks!!
This is a short update about some new vegetable insecticides suitable for chewing and sucking insect pest control. This is preliminary information - please contact your Extension service and industry personnel for recent recommendations. Insecticide label is the law - please follow the label! For IPM articles, newsletters and training videos, visit www.aces.edu/vegetableipm.
This presentation was developed for high tunnel crop producers who are regularly plagued by many chewing and sucking insect pests. This presentation ends with a brief discussion of organic insecticides and other pest management methods. For questions, call 251-331-8416 or contact the county Extension office in your state.
This presentation provides an overview of trap crop research and demonstrations in tomato (mainly) and squash production system. This paper was presented at the International IPM Symposium, Baltimore, MD (March 20, 2018).
Release of large numbers of insectary reared natural enemies with the goal of “augmenting” natural enemy populations or “inundating” pest populations with natural enemies.
cotton crop needs highest pesticide application for pest management, So we came with ipm practices for reducing insecticide spray, to manage the resistance development and secondary outbreak of sucking pest
Crop protection and pest management and pesticideslimashaharini
Crop protection refers to the various practices and strategies employed to safeguard crops from pests, diseases, weeds, and other environmental factors that can negatively impact their growth and yield. The goal is to optimize crop health and ensure sustainable agricultural practices.
Home Vegetables: Organic Controls for Insects
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For more information, Please see websites below:
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Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214
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Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079
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Free School Gardening Art Posters
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159`
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Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159
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Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348
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City Chickens for your Organic School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
Using ultraviolet “A” light (400 to 315 nm wavelength) found in a typical commercially available fluorescent black light, hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA) predator activity could be detected on infested hemlocks because of different characteristic glows of color. Under ultraviolet ‘A‘ light, an undamaged HWA ovisac’s honeydew glows bluish-white; a predator-damaged HWA’s oozing hemolymph has an intense chartreuse color; damaged HWA eggs glow bright yellow; and adelgid predator frass of Laricobius nigrinus and Sasajiscymnus tsugae both glow brilliant orange. This UV viewing technique can be used in the field or laboratory to rapidly determine the presence of adelgid predators and the extent of adelgid predation
Once we realized the HWA was native to our own country, our hypothesis was that we would have an analogue for every Chinese or Japanese summer predator. All we have to do is collect and release beetles - and our insectaries are now coming on line locally. This program works. We need to get the word out and expand this program to save as many of the High Country's hemlocks as possible. If we can organize quickly we can still save many hemlocks and all the other plants and animals that depend upon hemlocks for survival. Like trout, wood thrush, crayfish, and other 'cool' creatures.
“We have designed our pest problems into our current system of agriculture, so we can also design them out...if we understand ecology better. Thirty plus years of INTEGRATING farmscaping with other farm activities, strategies and resources will be featured, not just a rote list of plants and bugs. Many of the best farmscaping plants are flowers, medicinal herbs, and spices that can supplement and add value to your main crops and can be sold alongside them, like pickling spices (dill, garlic, grape leaves, etc.) for cucumbers. Bring your plant samples, questions, bug samples, or other farmscaping questions...no holds barred! Learn how to work backwards from your pest problems to the beneficials that attack your pests, to the plants and resources that YOUR beneficials need for control, and how these fit more neatly into your production program(s). Work smarter, not harder! Join longtime producer Patryk Battle and entomologist Richard “DrMcBug” McDonald in a lively, FUN, information filled session that will give you new insight into approaches for the NEW and OLD pests we face now. Yes, Carolina, farmscaping can be FUN!”
Farmscaping Principles 2013 - learn how to properly nest your vegetables among a forest of predators and parasitic insects that will protect your food without using chemicals.
1. Everett Dietrick's Five Features of IPM
The 5 points below follow the outline of "The Five Features of IPM" set forth by Everett J. (Deke) Dietrick in 1969.
1 -- Avoid use of disruptive pesticides: Food drives these systems, when you kill pests, you are killing the food or host of
beneficial insects. Even seemingly safe pesticides may kill fungi on leaves that is a secondary food for some beneficials.
Spray only if there is a pest problem! Repeated use of all classes of chemical poisons on your farm results in pest resistance
to the poisons. The natural enemies of pests are also killed, or are starved away from the fields, and, therefore, do not have
an equal chance to develop resistance as do the pests. Predators and parasites do not leave completely, but their numbers are
significantly reduced compared to pest numbers. It sometimes takes several generations of beneficials to grow back the
natural balance. Certain dosages of conventional pesticides and insecticidal soaps and oils selectively kill pests and are less
disruptive to biological controls. Our beneficials are compatible with "soft pesticides" like microbial insecticides, sterile
male releases and pheromone mating disruption. The use of pyrethroids and broad spectrum pesticides is recommended
only in extreme cases, as these kill many beneficials as well as pests.
2 -- Build beneficial refuges: Strip or trap cover crops that are never sprayed offer a field insectary and winter refuge for
beneficial insects without harm to market products. Parasites live several times longer and destroy more pests when there
are weeds or other plants to provide pollen, nectar and refuge. Think of giving up 1% of your field for pest control. Much of
this 1% can come from roadsides, borders, box ends and row ends. Sunflower and sorghum borders are particularly good
habitats for growing lacewing and other natural enemies on the farm. Corn and alfalfa borders and interplantings of
flowering plants can also increase Trichogramma parasitism of moth eggs in the crop. You can use trap crops to draw pests
from your crop and raise beneficials on them. Corn is more attractive than cotton for corn earworm, so interplant corn with
a cotton crop. Trichogramma released on corn are found racing up and down silks parasitizing corn earworm eggs.
3 -- Monitor Insect Ecology: Whatever is done in any field situation is always founded, as far as possible, upon the full
knowledge of the interactions and ratios of the pests and their natural enemies. Therefore, monitoring should involve
thorough sampling and observation of relative numbers of pests and all beneficials. Develop a system for scouting and
assessing general trends in the change of pests and generalist predators in a given field as a guide for treatment or no
treatment. You don’t have to count all the insects, just observe the ratio of pests to beneficials. [Editors note: Everett helped
invent the D-Vac and has produced them for forty years. He uses it to show farmers the progress of biological control,
especially the tiny forms.] Keeping track of the beneficials and seeing the ratios of good and bad bugs makes it possible to
predict damage thresholds in time to keep the yields optimum. D-Vac samples placed in alcohol and examined under a
dissecting microscope show the progress of the entire natural enemy complex and is practical for decision-making.
Whatever is done in any field situation is always founded, as far as possible, upon the full knowledge of the interactions and
ratios of the pests and their natural enemies. Therefore, monitoring should involve thorough sampling and observation of
relative numbers of pests and all beneficials. Develop a system for scouting and assessing general trends in the change of
pests and generalist predators in a given field as a guide for treatment or no treatment. You don’t have to count all the
insects, just observe the ratio of pests to beneficials. One of the most important tools for monitoring is the D-Vac vacuum.
4 -- Develop cultural practices: Slight changes in farming to take advantage of the known behaviors of both the pests and
the beneficials that attack them can avoid the pest flare-ups taken for granted under conventional chemical farming.
Techniques of crop rotation, hedging and refuge management can make a difference. Strip cutting (harvesting alternate
strips or fields of alfalfa or cover crops when they begin to bloom), for example, forces a steady migration of beneficials
into nearby row crops yielding many times the natural enemies of uniformly cut hay fields or cover crops.
5 -- Release beneficial organisms: Rincon-Vitova distributes many biological control organisms; predators, parasites,
pathogens and antagonists. These organisms attack different pests, sometimes target specific life stages, and often attack
during a particular season. Ideally, releases are started as early in the season as possible, when the first pests enter fields.
While each farm and season is unique, growers and pest control advisors can draw on Rincon-Vitova's reviews of published
findings of biocontrol entomologists and experience to build a program tailored to their situation. The primary purpose of
following the five features above is to conserve natural enemies. IPM emphasizes beneficials and seeks to suppress
particular pest levels so that rather than pest numbers rising explosively, they stay within tolerable damage levels with
minimum loss of beneficials. 100% mortality of all pests is not required to prevent economic losses to the market crop. The
IPM method gets easier each year, as a reservoir of natural enemies becomes established.