This study developed a Bayesian network model to segment consumers based on their minor digestive concerns by analyzing how 1000 English women described their last digestive issue. The model identified 11 groups of digestive symptoms that frequently occurred together and 12 clusters of consumers concerned with different symptom profiles. Each cluster provided a probabilistic profile of symptoms characterizing a specific digestive trouble. The model linked consumer perceptions of their digestive experiences to expert physiological knowledge of digestive health in a way that can help product development match consumer needs.
The document discusses the relationship between emotion and motivation from a two-system perspective. It describes emotions as arising from innate physiological systems that indicate adaptation and react involuntarily to stimuli, as well as being shaped by experience and social interpretation through cognitive systems. Basic emotions like sadness arise from common life circumstances but are uniquely expressed by individuals.
Pasi Leino :: Using XML standards for system integrationgeorge.james
The document discusses HL7, an international standard for exchanging healthcare information. Some key points:
- HL7 is a non-profit organization that has been developing standards since 1987 to enable interoperability between healthcare systems.
- The standards cover different levels of interoperability from process to semantic to operational data exchange.
- Common HL7 standards include messages (HL7 v2.x, v3), clinical documents (CDA), terminology (vocabulary bindings), and application programming interfaces.
- HL7 is widely adopted, with a 2000 study finding 80% of large US hospitals using it. Finland has also adopted HL7 standards nationally.
The document discusses using function mapping to connect engineering problems to biological solutions. It provides examples of how function mapping can represent material, energy, and signal flows. Function mapping shows promise as a tool to link design problems to biological analogs but has not been widely adopted. Standardizing function mapping terminology could facilitate cross-disciplinary use between engineering and biology and help integrate biomimicry into design.
This document discusses and compares structured vs unstructured observation methods, disguised vs undisguised observation, and personal vs mechanical observation. It also discusses survey methods like telephone, mail, and in-person surveys. Observation methods are used in descriptive research design along with surveys to systematically record behavioral patterns of people, objects, or systems. Both observations and surveys can be used to obtain information about a phenomenon of interest.
Bayesian networks provide a complete framework to understand consumer perceptions and link them to external data. They allow modeling of consumer attributes and linking them to sensory and analytical data in a three-step process. First, consumer perceptions are modeled internally. Second, sensory and analytical variables are simplified. Third, the influence of sensory attributes on consumer perceptions is modeled externally. This links consumer data to sensory data to understand how sensory expectations drive consumer liking.
The document discusses the relationship between emotion and motivation from a two-system perspective. It describes emotions as arising from innate physiological systems that indicate adaptation and react involuntarily to stimuli, as well as being shaped by experience and social interpretation through cognitive systems. Basic emotions like sadness arise from common life circumstances but are uniquely expressed by individuals.
Pasi Leino :: Using XML standards for system integrationgeorge.james
The document discusses HL7, an international standard for exchanging healthcare information. Some key points:
- HL7 is a non-profit organization that has been developing standards since 1987 to enable interoperability between healthcare systems.
- The standards cover different levels of interoperability from process to semantic to operational data exchange.
- Common HL7 standards include messages (HL7 v2.x, v3), clinical documents (CDA), terminology (vocabulary bindings), and application programming interfaces.
- HL7 is widely adopted, with a 2000 study finding 80% of large US hospitals using it. Finland has also adopted HL7 standards nationally.
The document discusses using function mapping to connect engineering problems to biological solutions. It provides examples of how function mapping can represent material, energy, and signal flows. Function mapping shows promise as a tool to link design problems to biological analogs but has not been widely adopted. Standardizing function mapping terminology could facilitate cross-disciplinary use between engineering and biology and help integrate biomimicry into design.
This document discusses and compares structured vs unstructured observation methods, disguised vs undisguised observation, and personal vs mechanical observation. It also discusses survey methods like telephone, mail, and in-person surveys. Observation methods are used in descriptive research design along with surveys to systematically record behavioral patterns of people, objects, or systems. Both observations and surveys can be used to obtain information about a phenomenon of interest.
Bayesian networks provide a complete framework to understand consumer perceptions and link them to external data. They allow modeling of consumer attributes and linking them to sensory and analytical data in a three-step process. First, consumer perceptions are modeled internally. Second, sensory and analytical variables are simplified. Third, the influence of sensory attributes on consumer perceptions is modeled externally. This links consumer data to sensory data to understand how sensory expectations drive consumer liking.
Methodologie des tests en salle immersive - LE SENSOLIER 2018 - ABIVEN - PINHASFrançois Abiven
La société The Lab in the Bag a développé un concept d’espaces immersifs multi-sensoriels : de taille variable, ils permettent de vivre, seul ou collectivement, des scenarii dans lesquels tous les sens sont stimulés.
Ces dispositifs peuvent notamment être utilisés pour des tests de produits en environnement reconstitué. Ce qui ne va pas sans poser quelques questions méthodologiques qui sont évoquées dans cette présentation.
How to evaluate a gastronomic experience ? the role of spontaneous language to capture emotions.
In the context of high quality food, such as meals in a gastronomic restaurant, classical approaches using liking levels hardly differentiate recipes as products are all rated excellent. More, recipes are often complex, with many stimuli contributing the overall judgment: the visual dressing of the plate, the flavour and texture of each component, e.g. meat, vegetable 1, vegetable 2, sauce, starch…
Thanks to the R3m score, the spontaneous verbalization helped to go beyond rational diagnosis, bringing emotional dimensions crucial for this high-end culinary universe, such as surprise, aesthetics and originality of the dishes.
THE IMMERSIVE LABORATORY TO CONTEXTUALIZE SENSORY ANALYSISFrançois Abiven
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Repères studies in multi-sensory immersive roomsFrançois Abiven
This document describes The Lab in the Bag, a startup created in 2017 that designs multi-sensory immersive rooms. The rooms can recreate various environments and adjust sensory parameters like visuals, sound, smell, and touch to immerse participants. Marketers can use the rooms to conduct more realistic and standardized product testing and marketing studies. Examples shown include testing beer preferences in different recreated locations and gathering feedback on store layouts and customer experiences.
This awarded method from REPERES uses the R3M score with a very simple method of data collection (1 question, 3 words, 1 exclusive algorithm) and makes it possible:
o To identify the key dimensions of the brand which leave a mark in the mind of the consumer (REFLEX ASSETS) and will be drivers in the decision-making process,
o To measure to what extent marketing actions have an impact on these assets: reinforcement, reduction, the creation of new associations, etc.
Repères - Les études en salle immersive - mai 2017François Abiven
The Lab in the Bag : La salle immersive poly-sensorielle de Repères qui ouvre le champ des possibles en termes de contextualisation des études marketing
Repères R3m actions marketing et Actifs Reflexes de marque - EXTRAIT - avril...François Abiven
Extrait de la Présentation primée à l'IREP FORUM le 25 avril 2017. La méthode présentée permet :
. D’identifier les dimensions clés de la marque qui laissent une trace dans le cerveau du consommateur (ACTIFS REFLEXES®) et qui vont être moteurs dans ses processus décisionnels,
. De mesurer en quoi les actions marketing impactent sur ces actifs : renforcement, minoration, création de nouvelles associations…
Reperes and AgroParisTech joins to work on the contextualization of the tasting. Alcohol-free beers were tested in 2 atmospheres - clubby and beach - thanks to The Lab in the Bag, a poly-sensory immersive room created by Reperes.
Etude Repères Agroparistech en salle immersive (mars 2017)François Abiven
Repères et AgroParisTech s’associent pour travailler sur la contextualisation de la dégustation. Des bières sans alcool testées dans 2 ambiances discothèque et plage grâce à The Lab in the Bag, une salle immersive poly-sensorielle innovante crée par Repères !
Un mode d'interrogation révolutionnaire qui en seulement 3 mots donne plus d'enseignements que les approches classiques.
L'approche R3M ne fait appel qu'à l'expression spontanée.
Il n'y a donc pas de réponses de convenance, de rationalisation, de biais, d'induction, ou de justification.
Notre algorithme, issu de 3 ans de recherche, analyse les 3 mots spontanés, décode l'engagement émotionnel du répondant et le mesure sans qu'il le sache.
Dynamique de croissance de l'industrie agroalimentaire - enquête Reperes-24 n...François Abiven
Dans le cadre du colloque HEC agroalimentaire, Repères a interrogé 118 dirigeants français sur leur vision des enjeux de la filière agroalimentaire.
Parmi les résultats, on relève 3 leviers majeurs pour la croissance :
. la premiumisation et la différenciation,
. l'innovation,
. les investissements pour moderniser et gagner en compétitivité.
Résultats enquête de satisfaction clients repères 2013 François Abiven
Repères est un institut d'études marketing certifié ISO. Notre démarche qualité intègre une interrogation de nos clients sur leur satisfaction vis-à--vis de nos prestations.
Nous avons le plaisir de partager ces résultats.
Résultats enquête de satisfaction Repères décembre 2012François Abiven
Repères est un institut d'études marketing certifié ISO. Notre démarche qualité intègre une interrogation de nos clients sur leur satisfaction vis-à--vis de nos prestations.
Nous avons le plaisir de partager ces résultats...
1) The document discusses using implicit tests to measure consumer perceptions beyond what they explicitly say. It explains how implicit tests can reveal unconsciously associated values with brands or products.
2) A case study is described where a brand wants to develop new packaging that conveys key values. Implicit association tests were used along with explicit questioning to evaluate how well 5 prototype packs conveyed the brand's values.
3) The results showed the top performing prototype packs increased positive purchase intent compared to the current packaging, though the current pack still had the highest intent. Implicit tests provided insights beyond what consumers explicitly reported.
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Methodologie des tests en salle immersive - LE SENSOLIER 2018 - ABIVEN - PINHASFrançois Abiven
La société The Lab in the Bag a développé un concept d’espaces immersifs multi-sensoriels : de taille variable, ils permettent de vivre, seul ou collectivement, des scenarii dans lesquels tous les sens sont stimulés.
Ces dispositifs peuvent notamment être utilisés pour des tests de produits en environnement reconstitué. Ce qui ne va pas sans poser quelques questions méthodologiques qui sont évoquées dans cette présentation.
How to evaluate a gastronomic experience ? the role of spontaneous language to capture emotions.
In the context of high quality food, such as meals in a gastronomic restaurant, classical approaches using liking levels hardly differentiate recipes as products are all rated excellent. More, recipes are often complex, with many stimuli contributing the overall judgment: the visual dressing of the plate, the flavour and texture of each component, e.g. meat, vegetable 1, vegetable 2, sauce, starch…
Thanks to the R3m score, the spontaneous verbalization helped to go beyond rational diagnosis, bringing emotional dimensions crucial for this high-end culinary universe, such as surprise, aesthetics and originality of the dishes.
THE IMMERSIVE LABORATORY TO CONTEXTUALIZE SENSORY ANALYSISFrançois Abiven
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Repères studies in multi-sensory immersive roomsFrançois Abiven
This document describes The Lab in the Bag, a startup created in 2017 that designs multi-sensory immersive rooms. The rooms can recreate various environments and adjust sensory parameters like visuals, sound, smell, and touch to immerse participants. Marketers can use the rooms to conduct more realistic and standardized product testing and marketing studies. Examples shown include testing beer preferences in different recreated locations and gathering feedback on store layouts and customer experiences.
This awarded method from REPERES uses the R3M score with a very simple method of data collection (1 question, 3 words, 1 exclusive algorithm) and makes it possible:
o To identify the key dimensions of the brand which leave a mark in the mind of the consumer (REFLEX ASSETS) and will be drivers in the decision-making process,
o To measure to what extent marketing actions have an impact on these assets: reinforcement, reduction, the creation of new associations, etc.
Repères - Les études en salle immersive - mai 2017François Abiven
The Lab in the Bag : La salle immersive poly-sensorielle de Repères qui ouvre le champ des possibles en termes de contextualisation des études marketing
Repères R3m actions marketing et Actifs Reflexes de marque - EXTRAIT - avril...François Abiven
Extrait de la Présentation primée à l'IREP FORUM le 25 avril 2017. La méthode présentée permet :
. D’identifier les dimensions clés de la marque qui laissent une trace dans le cerveau du consommateur (ACTIFS REFLEXES®) et qui vont être moteurs dans ses processus décisionnels,
. De mesurer en quoi les actions marketing impactent sur ces actifs : renforcement, minoration, création de nouvelles associations…
Reperes and AgroParisTech joins to work on the contextualization of the tasting. Alcohol-free beers were tested in 2 atmospheres - clubby and beach - thanks to The Lab in the Bag, a poly-sensory immersive room created by Reperes.
Etude Repères Agroparistech en salle immersive (mars 2017)François Abiven
Repères et AgroParisTech s’associent pour travailler sur la contextualisation de la dégustation. Des bières sans alcool testées dans 2 ambiances discothèque et plage grâce à The Lab in the Bag, une salle immersive poly-sensorielle innovante crée par Repères !
Un mode d'interrogation révolutionnaire qui en seulement 3 mots donne plus d'enseignements que les approches classiques.
L'approche R3M ne fait appel qu'à l'expression spontanée.
Il n'y a donc pas de réponses de convenance, de rationalisation, de biais, d'induction, ou de justification.
Notre algorithme, issu de 3 ans de recherche, analyse les 3 mots spontanés, décode l'engagement émotionnel du répondant et le mesure sans qu'il le sache.
Dynamique de croissance de l'industrie agroalimentaire - enquête Reperes-24 n...François Abiven
Dans le cadre du colloque HEC agroalimentaire, Repères a interrogé 118 dirigeants français sur leur vision des enjeux de la filière agroalimentaire.
Parmi les résultats, on relève 3 leviers majeurs pour la croissance :
. la premiumisation et la différenciation,
. l'innovation,
. les investissements pour moderniser et gagner en compétitivité.
Résultats enquête de satisfaction clients repères 2013 François Abiven
Repères est un institut d'études marketing certifié ISO. Notre démarche qualité intègre une interrogation de nos clients sur leur satisfaction vis-à--vis de nos prestations.
Nous avons le plaisir de partager ces résultats.
Résultats enquête de satisfaction Repères décembre 2012François Abiven
Repères est un institut d'études marketing certifié ISO. Notre démarche qualité intègre une interrogation de nos clients sur leur satisfaction vis-à--vis de nos prestations.
Nous avons le plaisir de partager ces résultats...
1) The document discusses using implicit tests to measure consumer perceptions beyond what they explicitly say. It explains how implicit tests can reveal unconsciously associated values with brands or products.
2) A case study is described where a brand wants to develop new packaging that conveys key values. Implicit association tests were used along with explicit questioning to evaluate how well 5 prototype packs conveyed the brand's values.
3) The results showed the top performing prototype packs increased positive purchase intent compared to the current packaging, though the current pack still had the highest intent. Implicit tests provided insights beyond what consumers explicitly reported.
KALYAN CHART SATTA MATKA DPBOSS KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN MATKA MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA TIPS SATTA MATKA MATKA COM MATKA PANA JODI TODAY BATTA SATKA MATKA PATTI JODI NUMBER MATKA RESULTS MATKA CHART MATKA JODI SATTA COM INDIA SATTA MATKA MATKA TIPS MATKA WAPKA ALL MATKA RESULT LIVE ONLINE MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA RESULT DPBOSS MATKA 143 MAIN MATKA KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN CHART
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Discover the Beauty and Functionality of The Expert Remodeling Serviceobriengroupinc04
Unlock your kitchen's true potential with expert remodeling services from O'Brien Group Inc. Transform your space into a functional, modern, and luxurious haven with their experienced professionals. From layout reconfiguration to high-end upgrades, they deliver stunning results tailored to your style and needs. Visit obriengroupinc.com to elevate your kitchen's beauty and functionality today.
NewBase 20 June 2024 Energy News issue - 1731 by Khaled Al Awadi_compressed.pdfKhaled Al Awadi
Greetings,
Hawk Energy is pleased to present you with the latest energy news
NewBase 20 June 2024 Energy News issue - 1731 by Khaled Al Awadi
Regards.
Founder & S.Editor - NewBase Energy
Khaled M Al Awadi, Energy Consultant
MS & BS Mechanical Engineering (HON), USAGreetings,
Hawk Energy is pleased to present you with the latest energy news
NewBase 20 June 2024 Energy News issue - 1731 by Khaled Al Awadi
Regards.
Founder & S.Editor - NewBase Energy
Khaled M Al Awadi, Energy Consultant
MS & BS Mechanical Engineering (HON), USAGreetings,
Hawk Energy is pleased to present you with the latest energy news
NewBase 20 June 2024 Energy News issue - 1731 by Khaled Al Awadi
Regards.
Founder & S.Editor - NewBase Energy
Khaled M Al Awadi, Energy Consultant
MS & BS Mechanical Engineering (HON), USAGreetings,
Hawk Energy is pleased to present you with the latest energy news
NewBase 20 June 2024 Energy News issue - 1731 by Khaled Al Awadi
Regards.
Founder & S.Editor - NewBase Energy
Khaled M Al Awadi, Energy Consultant
MS & BS Mechanical Engineering (HON), USAGreetings,
Hawk Energy is pleased to present you with the latest energy news
NewBase 20 June 2024 Energy News issue - 1731 by Khaled Al Awadi
Regards.
Founder & S.Editor - NewBase Energy
Khaled M Al Awadi, Energy Consultant
MS & BS Mechanical Engineering (HON), USAGreetings,
Hawk Energy is pleased to present you with the latest energy news
NewBase 20 June 2024 Energy News issue - 1731 by Khaled Al Awadi
Regards.
Founder & S.Editor - NewBase Energy
Khaled M Al Awadi, Energy Consultant
MS & BS Mechanical Engineering (HON), USA
The Enigmatic Gemini: Unveiling the Dual Personalitiesmy Pandit
Explore the fascinating world of the Gemini Zodiac Sign, where duality reigns supreme. Discover the personality traits, important dates, and horoscope insights that define the ever-curious and communicative Gemini.
High-Quality IPTV Monthly Subscription for $15advik4387
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Adani Group's Active Interest In Increasing Its Presence in the Cement Manufa...Adani case
Time and again, the business group has taken up new business ventures, each of which has allowed it to expand its horizons further and reach new heights. Even amidst the Adani CBI Investigation, the firm has always focused on improving its cement business.
"𝑩𝑬𝑮𝑼𝑵 𝑾𝑰𝑻𝑯 𝑻𝑱 𝑰𝑺 𝑯𝑨𝑳𝑭 𝑫𝑶𝑵𝑬"
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions. 𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 provides unlimited package services including such as Event organizing, Event planning, Event production, Manpower, PR marketing, Design 2D/3D, VIP protocols, Interpreter agency, etc.
⭐ 𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬:
➢2024 GROUNDBREAKING CEREMONY OF SK LEAVEO PLANT
➢2024 BAEKHYUN [Lonsdaleite] IN HO CHI MINH
➢2024 CHILDREN ART EXHIBITION 2024: BEYOND BARRIERS
➢SUPER JUNIOR-L.S.S. THE SHOW : Th3ee Guys in HO CHI MINH
➢WOW K-Music Festival 2023
➢ Winner [CROSS] Tour in HCM
➢ Super Show 9 in HCM with Super Junior
➢ HCMC - Gyeongsangbuk-do Culture and Tourism Festival
➢ Korean Vietnam Partnership - Fair with LG
➢ Korean President visits Samsung Electronics R&D Center
➢ Vietnam Food Expo with Lotte Wellfood
➢ Daewon Pharm Year End Party
➢ Giant Lantern Festival in Ha Noi with Gamuda Land
➢ Light Festival 2019 in HCMC with Phu My Hung Corp
(etc)
"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
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L'indice de performance des ports à conteneurs de l'année 2023SPATPortToamasina
Une évaluation comparable de la performance basée sur le temps d'escale des navires
L'objectif de l'ICPP est d'identifier les domaines d'amélioration qui peuvent en fin de compte bénéficier à toutes les parties concernées, des compagnies maritimes aux gouvernements nationaux en passant par les consommateurs. Il est conçu pour servir de point de référence aux principaux acteurs de l'économie mondiale, notamment les autorités et les opérateurs portuaires, les gouvernements nationaux, les organisations supranationales, les agences de développement, les divers intérêts maritimes et d'autres acteurs publics et privés du commerce, de la logistique et des services de la chaîne d'approvisionnement.
Le développement de l'ICPP repose sur le temps total passé par les porte-conteneurs dans les ports, de la manière expliquée dans les sections suivantes du rapport, et comme dans les itérations précédentes de l'ICPP. Cette quatrième itération utilise des données pour l'année civile complète 2023. Elle poursuit le changement introduit l'année dernière en n'incluant que les ports qui ont eu un minimum de 24 escales valides au cours de la période de 12 mois de l'étude. Le nombre de ports inclus dans l'ICPP 2023 est de 405.
Comme dans les éditions précédentes de l'ICPP, la production du classement fait appel à deux approches méthodologiques différentes : une approche administrative, ou technique, une méthodologie pragmatique reflétant les connaissances et le jugement des experts ; et une approche statistique, utilisant l'analyse factorielle (AF), ou plus précisément la factorisation matricielle. L'utilisation de ces deux approches vise à garantir que le classement des performances des ports à conteneurs reflète le plus fidèlement possible les performances réelles des ports, tout en étant statistiquement robuste.
L'indice de performance des ports à conteneurs de l'année 2023
Eurosense 2010 repères
1. A Bayesian network model to segment consumers
based on their minor digestive concerns
Pierrick Rivière1, Fabien Craignou2, Peter Whorwell3, Helen Carruthers3
1 Sensory and Behavior Science, Danone Research, RD 128, 91767 Palaiseau – France
2 Repères, 9 rue Rougemont, 75009 Paris – France
3 Department of Medecine, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, M23 9LT UK
context & objectives
Beyond sensory pleasure and nutritional intake, food can also integrate health functionalities like improving digestive health. This expectation is not negligible : 60% of English
women claim to suffer from minor digestive disorders! Most of them do not consult health care professionals but try alternative solutions, including food. Designing a product to
match these expectations requires an accurate knowledge of the troubles experienced by consumers, to complement the existing medical knowledge. Minor digestive troubles
cannot be accessed in a straight-forward manner as naïve consumers don’t have the medical knowledge nor the ability to describe/name their digestive troubles[1].
Nevertheless, consumers can translate what they feel when experiencing digestive troubles.
The objective is to build a precise typology of minor digestive troubles based on perceived & experienced sensations described by consumers.
methodology
1000 English women nationally representative declaring Experienced sensations have been structured into
“tell us the story of your last digestive concern”…
minor digestive trouble. attributes based on following requirements :
SYMPTOM DESCRIPTION - one-dimensional (a single sensation)
On-line interactive survey - accurate / non ambiguous
• Experienced sensations (40 items list)
- combining imagery & concrete description
Focus on the last trouble to increase accuracy of the • Digestive concern illustration (12 pictures) - based on layman words
description. • Etiology (supposed causes) - uses the most frequent words / expressions
• Impact (Emotional & social consequences; >> examples :
• Questionnaire items related to the personal frequency / pain) “I burp”
experiences of digestive troubles extracted from a • Context “I have gurgling. It's turning inside me, as if nothing is in the right
previous Qualitative Survey SOLUTIONS & EXPECTATIONS place”
…
USER PROFILING (demographics; IBS detection)
data analysis & results
1-Identifying groups of experienced sensations likely to happen together 2-Identifying groups of consumers
= The symptoms concerned by the same combinations of symptoms
Bayesian Clustering of Consumers (BayesiaLab Data Clustering)
Automatic Bayesian Learning (BayesiaLab EQ algorithm)
[2] Latent Class Model, in which consumer clusters are connected to the symptoms.
Discovering probabilistic relations between symptoms
NO a-priori relation to be defined: focus on what consumers really feel.
EM algorithm to determine the parameters of the model.
•Conservative model[3] : compromise between the data fit and the structural complexity
Pseudo-random walk between 2 and 20 to determine the number of clusters.
•10-fold cross-validation to ensure the robustness of the structure.
Stomach rock
Stomach rock Swollen tummy
Swollen tummy
6%
hard
hard
Cluster 12 10%
IIcan’t evacuate my bowels I’m constipated
My belly is hard
My belly is hard Skin of my tummy is tensed
IIhave a full stomach
have a full stomach can’t evacuate my bowels I’m constipated Cluster 11
Skin of my tummy is tensed
Quite painful to touch stomach
9%
Quite painful to touch stomach IIfeel full Emptying my bowels is difficult
feel full Emptying my bowels is difficult Cluster 10 10%
Knots in my intestine
Knots in my intestine Tummy is going to explode
Tummy is going to explode
Can cause haemorrhoids Evacuation is painful
Can cause haemorrhoids Evacuation is painful
Cluster 9 6% Cluster 6
Intestine is in spasm
Intestine is in spasm
7%
Stagnation within my tummy
Stagnation within my tummy
Need to relieve the pressure
Need to relieve the pressure
Spasms inside me
Spasms inside me There is food in my stool, not fully
There is food in my stool, not fully 5% Cluster 7
Stomach is blowing up like a balloon
digested
digested
Cluster 8
Stomach cramps
Stomach cramps
Stomach is blowing up like a balloon 7%
As if my stool has fermented inside me
As if my stool has fermented inside me
It stretches my tummy, like contractions
It stretches my tummy, like contractions
Cluster 5
IIhave gurgling
have gurgling Food doesn’t go through me
Food doesn’t go through me 7% 12%
IIget a pricking inside me
get a pricking inside me
Cluster 3
Small hair bubbles inside of me
Small hair bubbles inside of me
It is burning inside my tummy
It is burning inside my tummy
Going to the toilet is almost
Going to the toilet is almost
explosive
Cluster 4
explosive Colour variation:
11% purity of the cluster
Acid in me so that’s burning IIhave often smelly wind
have often smelly wind Really urgent need to go to the toilet
Really urgent need to go to the toilet
Acid in me so that’s burning (the darker, the purer)
IIburp
burp IIfeel full of wind
feel full of wind IIoften have gas
often have gas
Large amount of stool
Large amount of stool Cluster 2 10% Positioning:
I’ve got acid reflux
I’ve got acid reflux probabilistic proximity
Body feels really heavy
Body feels really heavy
Regurgitation in the throat
Regurgitation in the throat
IIcannot help but pass wind
cannot help but pass wind Cluster 1
11 groups of symptoms were identified. 12 groups of consumers emerged,
each concerned with a specific symptoms profile = a digestive trouble
Each group can be summarized with a latent variable, Each group of consumers can be interpreted with a probabilistic symptom profile,
which can be interpreted in a probabilistic way. for an easy and compact communication. Each cluster is characterized by a
specific & contrasted combination of perceived symptoms.
ACID REFLUX
33% of consumers are Yes
EXAMPLE Symptom did not occur 67.0% concerned with acid reflux
symptoms (a priori probability) ACID REFLUX
Symptom occurred 33.0%
+ +
+ + +: significant
If for example, consumer X answers… difference
I’ve got acid reflux -----------------No Yes against a priori
Probability that probability
Acid in me so that's burning ------Yes consumer X is affected
Regurgitation in the throat---------Yes by acid refluxis 81%.
I burp -------------------------------No GURGLING
+
+ +
C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12
conclusions OTHER SYMPTOMS …
This approach provides an accurate & useful
description of minor digestive concerns in the UK pop.
The 12 clusters are fully interpretable by
Bayesian networks allowed identifying
digestive troubles based on symptom
outlooks
gastroenterologists & physiologically relevant. combinations without any a priori. Despite the gap between the medical vision and the layman
representation, this approach allows the connection of consumer
They are used by R&D teams to translate consumer Probabilistic reasoning and graphical perceptions to the expert physiological knowledge.
needs into new researches & clinical studies. models help communication.
This link provides a complementary understanding of the human body
[1] R. Monrozier, A. Bonnet, I. Boutrolle, N. Boireau. (2009).Toward a consumer typology of health concerns. An application to minor digestive disorders. Poster - 8th Pangborn Sensory Symposium
[2] J. Pearl and S. Russel, 2000 "Bayesian networks" , UCLA Cognitive Systems Laboratory, Technical Report (R-277), November 2000. In M.A. Arbib (Ed.), Handbook of Brain Theory and Neural Networks, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 157-160, 2003.
[3] Friedman N., Goldszmidt M., “Learning Bayesian networks with local structure ”, Proc. of the 12th Conf. on Uncertainty in Artificial, Morgan Kaufmann, 1996.