The document discusses the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and its requirements for protecting patient privacy and the confidentiality of health information. HIPAA established national standards for electronic health transactions, security of health information, and privacy protections. It requires covered entities to implement safeguards to ensure the security and confidentiality of electronic protected health information. The document reviews HIPAA's Privacy and Security Rules and outlines requirements for staff training, protocols for handling breaches of confidentiality, and consequences for violations of patient privacy standards.