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Similar to ESSENTIAL NEWBORN CARE BY DNA PowerPoint presentation
ESSENTIAL NEWBORN CARE BY DNA PowerPoint presentation
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- 2. MEANING OF NEWBORNCARE Newborn Care is a comprehensive strategy designed to improve the health of newborns through interventions just soon after birth, in post natal ward & up to 28 days.
- 3. PURPOSE OF NEWBORNCARE • Early detection of problems & danger signs. • To help mother to meet the basic needs of baby: breast feeding, warmth, prevention of infection. • To initiate the breast feeding within 1 hour of birth. • To encourage & educate the mother to give exclusive breast feeding and care of baby. • To treat the problems such as asphyxia & sepsis. • To advice mother and family members for continuing care, immunizations and growth monitoring.
- 4. COMPONENTS OF NEWBORNCARE • Prepare the labour room for birth of baby. • Immediate new born care. • New born care on first day. • New born physical examination. • Care of new born during the first 28 days. • Educate the mother and family members about the new born care.
- 5. HEALTHY NEWBORN A healthyinfant: • is born at term between 38-42 weeks. • have average birth weight. • cries immediately following birth. • establishes independent rhythmic respiration & quickly adapts to changed environment.
- 6. IMMEDIATE BASIC CARE •Dry the baby • Replace the wet towel • Position the baby • Establishment of open airway • Maintenance of temperature • Initiate breastfeeding within a hour of birth • Identification of newborn • Administer inj. vitamin k
- 7. DRYING THE BABYAND REPLACING THE WET TOWEL • Immediately after delivery, the baby should be dried with a warm, soft towel. • Remove the wet towel and replace with a dry towel, will help to reduce heat loss.
- 8. MECHANISM OF HEATLOSS IN NEWBORN The new born can loss heat by: • Convection: by air in room • Radiation: by cold windows or walls • Evaporation: by baby bath • Conduction: by cold hands or stethoscope or instruments.
- 9. MAINTENANCE OF TEMPERATURE •Immediately dry the baby under a radiant warmer • Skin to skin contact with mother • Cover the neonate with warm towel. the head and extremities should be covered properly • Rooming in
- 10. ESTABLISHMENT OF OPENAIRWAY • Majority of babies cry at birth & take spontaneous respiration. • Immediately suction the secretions, wipe mucus from face, mouth and nose.
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- 12. APGAR SCORING • Totalscore = 10 • No depression: 7 – 10 • Mild depression: 4 – 6 • Severe depression: 0 - 3
- 13. NEWBORN IDENTIFICATION Newborn identificationbefore a baby leaves the delivery area, identification band with identical numbers are placed on the baby and mother.
- 14. VITAMIN K ADMINISTRATIONTO NEWBORN • Vitamin K prevent neonatal hemorrhage during first few days of life before infant is able to produce vitamin K. • Term infants (1mg) – IM • Preterm infants (0.5mg) – IM Alternative route: • Oral dose: 2mg orally at birth • Repeat dose (2mg) at 3 – 5 days and at 4- 6 weeks of age.
- 15. INITIATION OF BREASTFEEDING • Newborns can be breast fed as soon as possible with in one hour of birth or as soon as the airway is cleared and they are breathing normally.
- 16. DAILY ROUTINE CAREOF NEONATES • The majority of complication of the normal newborn may occur during first 24 hours or within 7 days. • Close observation and daily essential routine care is important for health and survival of the newborn baby.
- 17. MAJOR GOALS • Establishand maintain homeostasis • Stability of normal physiological status.
- 18. DAILY ROUTINE CAREOF NEONATES • Warmth • Breast feeding • Skin care & baby bath • Care of umbilical cord • Care of eyes • Clothing of baby • General care • Taking anthropometric measurements • Protection from infection • Observation • Immunization • Follow up
- 19. WARMTH • Warmth isprovided by keeping the baby dry & wrapping the baby with adequate clothing in two layers, ensuring head & extremities are well covered. • Baby should kept by the side of the mother.
- 20. BREAST FEEDING • Thebaby should be put to the mother’s breast within half an hour of birth or as soon as possible the mother has recovered from the exertion of labor. • The energy requirement initially is 55cal/kg/day and increase to about 120cal/kg/day at 1st week of age. The neonate loses about 7 to 8% of body weight during 1st week and regains body weight from 10th day and then continue to gain weight.
- 21. SKIN CARE ANDBABY BATH • The skin should be cleaned off by gentle wiping before presented to the mother. • Baby bath can be given at hospital or home by using warm water in a warm room gently & quickly.
- 22. CARE OF UMBILICALCORD • Keep the cord stump clean & dry. • Topical application of antiseptics is usually not necessary unless the baby is living in a highly contaminated area. • Chlorhexidine gel
- 23. CARE OF EYES •Eyes should be clean at birth and once in every day using sterile cotton swabs soaked in sterile water or normal saline. • Separate swabs for each eye. • Antibiotics prophylaxis against STI’s • 1% Tetracycline, Erythromycin eye drops
- 24. DAILY OBSERVATION OFNEONATES • The neonates should be monitored for danger signs. Danger signs: • poor feeding, sucking and swallowing reflex • cold to touch or having rise in body temperature • poor activity or poor response to stimulation • excessive crying & irritability • rapid respiration, more than 60/min and presence of chest retraction.
- 25. DAILY OBSERVATION OFNEONATES Danger signs: • central cyanosis • drooling of saliva or chocking during feeding • labored respiration or absence of respiration • jaundice appears within 24 hours • no urine within 48 hours or meconium within 24 hours
- 26. DAILY OBSERVATION OFNEONATES Danger signs: • convulsion • bleeding or umbilical discharge • diarrhea, vomiting and abdominal distention • infection
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