Albert Einstein, born on March 14, 1879, in Ulm, Germany, transformed the world of science with his groundbreaking theories, including the theory of relativity and the famous equation E=mc², which facilitated the development of the atomic bomb. Despite facing challenges in his early life, including a late start in speech and difficulties in school, Einstein's relentless curiosity and dedication to understanding the universe led to substantial advancements in physics. He became an advocate for Jewish culture and faced anti-Semitism throughout his life, ultimately leaving Germany for the U.S. due to escalating tensions before his death in 1955.