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- 1. Ergonomics and Safety Ergonomicsand Safety Responsibilities Responsibilities Environmental Health & Safety Environmental Health & Safety Prospective Health Prospective Health 210 East Fourth Street 210 East Fourth Street Warren Life Sciences Warren Life Sciences 328-6166 328-6166 744-2070 744-2070 EH&S Administration EH&S Administration Radiation Safety Radiation Safety Industrial Hygiene & Safety Industrial Hygiene & Safety Biological Safety Biological Safety Environmental Management Environmental Management Infection Control Infection Control Workers’ Compensation Workers’ Compensation Employee Health Employee Health
- 2. Ergonomics Ergonomics The way weinteract The way we interact with our environment with our environment at work, play and rest. at work, play and rest. Fitting the way we work Fitting the way we work to the way our body is to the way our body is built is the key. built is the key.
- 3. Agenda Agenda What isergonomics? What is ergonomics? What do I need to know What do I need to know about musculoskeletal about musculoskeletal disorders? disorders? Adapting my work place. Adapting my work place. More information. More information.
- 4. Ergonomics is… Ergonomics is… Adapting the tasks to fit you. Adapting the tasks to fit you. Maximizing your health and comfort Maximizing your health and comfort by using your body in efficient ways. by using your body in efficient ways. Self-evaluation of the behaviors and Self-evaluation of the behaviors and postures you use at work and play. postures you use at work and play. Learning to recognize the signs and Learning to recognize the signs and symptoms associated with an action symptoms associated with an action that may lead to musculoskeletal that may lead to musculoskeletal disorders. disorders.
- 5. Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD) MusculoskeletalDisorders (MSD) Illness resulting from cumulative Illness resulting from cumulative trauma to the muscles, nerves, trauma to the muscles, nerves, tendons, ligaments, joints, tendons, ligaments, joints, cartilage, blood vessels or spine cartilage, blood vessels or spine discs. discs. An injury caused by an acute An injury caused by an acute incident e.g., a fall or auto incident e.g., a fall or auto accident, or symptoms of a accident, or symptoms of a degenerative disease are not degenerative disease are not considered a MSD and must be considered a MSD and must be treated differently. treated differently.
- 6. Symptoms of aMSD Symptoms of a MSD Subjective indicators of potential concern Subjective indicators of potential concern Painful Joints Painful Joints Pain, tingling or numbness in hands or Pain, tingling or numbness in hands or feet feet Shooting or stabbing pains in arms or Shooting or stabbing pains in arms or legs legs Swelling or inflammation Swelling or inflammation Pain in wrists, shoulders, forearms, Pain in wrists, shoulders, forearms, knees knees Fingers or toes turning white Fingers or toes turning white Back and neck pain Back and neck pain Stiffness or burning sensations Stiffness or burning sensations
- 7. MSD Signs Objective indicatorsidentified Objective indicators identified by a physician to help diagnose by a physician to help diagnose specific problems. specific problems. Decreased range of motion Decreased range of motion Deformity Deformity Decreased grip strength Decreased grip strength Loss of muscle function Loss of muscle function Inability to physically perform normal Inability to physically perform normal tasks tasks
- 8. Risk Factors associatedwith MSD Risk Factors associated with MSD Repetition Repetition Forceful Exertions Forceful Exertions Awkward Posture Awkward Posture Contact Stress Contact Stress Vibration Vibration
- 9. Repetition Doing thesame motions over and Doing the same motions over and over again places stress on the over again places stress on the muscles and tendons. The severity muscles and tendons. The severity of risk depends on how often the of risk depends on how often the action is repeated, the speed of the action is repeated, the speed of the movement, the number of muscles movement, the number of muscles involved and the required force. involved and the required force. E.g., steady computer use for 4 E.g., steady computer use for 4 hrs/day; a repeated cycle of hrs/day; a repeated cycle of motions 2 or more times per motions 2 or more times per minute. minute.
- 10. Force Force The amountof physical effort required to The amount of physical effort required to perform a task or maintain control of perform a task or maintain control of equipment or tools. equipment or tools. Force depends upon type of grip, weight Force depends upon type of grip, weight of the object, body posture, type of of the object, body posture, type of activity, and duration of task. activity, and duration of task. E.g., Lifting 75 lbs one time or 55lbs E.g., Lifting 75 lbs one time or 55lbs more than 10 times per shift or 25 lbs more than 10 times per shift or 25 lbs below the knees or above shoulder below the knees or above shoulder height. Pinching 2 lbs or for 2 or more height. Pinching 2 lbs or for 2 or more total hours per shift. total hours per shift.
- 11. Awkward Posture Awkward Posture Repeated or prolonged reaching, twisting, Repeated or prolonged reaching, twisting, bending, kneeling, squatting, working bending, kneeling, squatting, working overhead with your hands or arms, or overhead with your hands or arms, or holding fixed positions. holding fixed positions. E.g., Working with hands over head, E.g., Working with hands over head, kneeling or squatting for 2 hours/day; kneeling or squatting for 2 hours/day; working with back, neck or wrist bent for 2 working with back, neck or wrist bent for 2 hours/day. hours/day. Potential fixes: portable stools, turn or Potential fixes: portable stools, turn or move the work, use frequent mini-breaks, move the work, use frequent mini-breaks, integrate the work with other tasks to integrate the work with other tasks to avoid prolonged use of the awkward avoid prolonged use of the awkward posture. posture.
- 12. Contact Stress Contact Stress Pressing the body (or body part) Pressing the body (or body part) against a hard or sharp edge can against a hard or sharp edge can result in placing too much result in placing too much pressure on nerves, tendons and pressure on nerves, tendons and blood vessels. blood vessels. For example, using the palm of For example, using the palm of your hand as a hammer regularly your hand as a hammer regularly or typing while resting your arms or typing while resting your arms or wrists on the hard desk edge. or wrists on the hard desk edge.
- 13. Vibration Vibration Operating vibratingtools such Operating vibrating tools such as sanders, grinders, chippers, as sanders, grinders, chippers, routers, drills, saws and yard routers, drills, saws and yard equipment on a regular basis equipment on a regular basis can lead to nerve damage. can lead to nerve damage. Potential fixes: vibration Potential fixes: vibration dampening gloves, job dampening gloves, job rotation, modified clutching rotation, modified clutching mechanisms. mechanisms.
- 14. Personal Risk Factors PersonalRisk Factors Age Age Gender Gender Previous injury Previous injury Personal health Personal health Physical Physical condition condition Size and shape Size and shape Life style Life style Life stress Life stress Hobbies Hobbies Rest and recovery Rest and recovery time available time available Short-term Short-term changes in changes in health. health. Attitude towards Attitude towards making changes making changes to improve long to improve long term health term health
- 15. Neutral Standing Posture NeutralStanding Posture Pretend you have a Pretend you have a string tied to the string tied to the top of your skull. top of your skull. Suspend your Suspend your entire body from entire body from that string. Your that string. Your back is straight, back is straight, your joints loose, your joints loose, your shoulders your shoulders relaxed. This is a relaxed. This is a neutral standing neutral standing posture. posture.
- 16. Neutral Seated Posture NeutralSeated Posture A neutral seated A neutral seated posture imitates the posture imitates the neutral standing neutral standing posture. posture. The seated position The seated position puts your hip and knee puts your hip and knee joints at a 90 joints at a 90o o or or slightly greater angle. slightly greater angle. When in use, your When in use, your elbow joints should elbow joints should also be at a 90 also be at a 90o o or or slightly greater angle. slightly greater angle. Wrist joints should Wrist joints should maintain as straight a maintain as straight a posture as possible. posture as possible.
- 17. Fixing the Job Fixingthe Job Use neutral postures to perform tasks. Use neutral postures to perform tasks. Adjust the work station to remove the risk Adjust the work station to remove the risk factor. factor. E.g., raise or lower the work surface, turn E.g., raise or lower the work surface, turn the piece, etc. the piece, etc. Rotate between jobs. Rotate between jobs. E.g., break up long E.g., break up long typing sessions with some filing or copying, break typing sessions with some filing or copying, break up leaf blowing with short raking sessions. up leaf blowing with short raking sessions. Use mechanical assistance. Use mechanical assistance. E.g., use a lift to E.g., use a lift to move heavy parts, use a two wheeled truck to move heavy parts, use a two wheeled truck to move multiple boxes or one heavy box. move multiple boxes or one heavy box. Get help. Get help. E.g., use a buddy to help in heavy E.g., use a buddy to help in heavy lifting tasks. lifting tasks.
- 18. Fixing the Job(continued) Fixing the Job (continued) Use personal protective equipment. Use personal protective equipment. E.g., E.g., anti-vibration gloves when using vibrating hand anti-vibration gloves when using vibrating hand or yard tools. or yard tools. Observe micro-breaks. Observe micro-breaks. E.g., take a stretch E.g., take a stretch break every hour you spend in continuous break every hour you spend in continuous typing, writing or telephone use. typing, writing or telephone use. Share your ideas. Share your ideas. If you find something that If you find something that works let your supervisor, co-workers and EH&S works let your supervisor, co-workers and EH&S know so others may benefit. know so others may benefit. Use the self-help tools available on the Use the self-help tools available on the web at web at http://www.ecu.edu/oehs
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- 20. Comfortable does NOT Comfortabledoes NOT mean Healthful mean Healthful Neutral posture Neutral posture should be the guide should be the guide for determining an for determining an appropriate fix. appropriate fix. Comfort can be Comfort can be misleading… misleading… Crossed legs may Crossed legs may seem comfortable but seem comfortable but restrict blood flow restrict blood flow A slouch is definitely A slouch is definitely not a healthful posture not a healthful posture We often equate We often equate habit with comfort. habit with comfort.
- 21. If you havesymptoms… If you have symptoms… Report symptoms, discomforts or Report symptoms, discomforts or problems to your supervisor as soon as problems to your supervisor as soon as noticed. noticed. Work together to try to identify the Work together to try to identify the source of the discomfort and creative source of the discomfort and creative solutions. solutions. If the discomfort lasts more than 7 days If the discomfort lasts more than 7 days and you have not located the probable and you have not located the probable source or a way to correct the problem, source or a way to correct the problem, report your discomfort to EH&S for a report your discomfort to EH&S for a worksite evaluation. worksite evaluation.
- 22. How to reporta discomfort or How to report a discomfort or a job that needs evaluated. a job that needs evaluated. Email Email safety@mail.ecu .edu Call EH&S at Call EH&S at 328-6166 328-6166 Stop by our Stop by our office at 210 E. office at 210 E. 4 4th th St St Tell us… Tell us… About your job. About your job. Where you are Where you are located. located. What is What is uncomfortable. uncomfortable. How long the How long the discomfort has discomfort has existed. existed. What you have What you have already tried. already tried. Are you the only Are you the only one doing this job? one doing this job?
- 23. Additional Information Additional Information http:www.ecu.edu/oehs http:www.ecu.edu/oehs Ergonomicsself help Ergonomics self help checklist and training checklist and training program on the web. program on the web. Safety@mail.ecu.edu
- 24. EH&S Web Page EH&SWeb Page
- 25. EH&S Policy Statement EH&SPolicy Statement Protect and promote the health and safety of Protect and promote the health and safety of students, employees, patients, visitors, and the students, employees, patients, visitors, and the environment environment Primary responsibility rests with the Chancellor Primary responsibility rests with the Chancellor and, by delegated authority, to the Vice and, by delegated authority, to the Vice Chancellor for Administration and Finance Chancellor for Administration and Finance Operational component delegated to the Operational component delegated to the Directors of EH&S and Prospective Health Directors of EH&S and Prospective Health The ultimate success of the safety and The ultimate success of the safety and environmental programs depends upon the environmental programs depends upon the conscientious and cooperative efforts of all conscientious and cooperative efforts of all Expectation that Expectation that every employee actively every employee actively promote and support the safety and promote and support the safety and environmental program environmental program
- 26. Employer Responsibilities Employer Responsibilities Employer must comply with OSHA Employer must comply with OSHA and other safety and health and other safety and health standards standards “ “General duty” to provide General duty” to provide workplace free of recognized workplace free of recognized hazards likely to cause injury hazards likely to cause injury University subject to inspection by University subject to inspection by OSHA, EPA and other regulatory OSHA, EPA and other regulatory agencies agencies
- 27. Employee Rights and EmployeeRights and Responsibilities Responsibilities Comply with applicable rules, Comply with applicable rules, regulations and policies regulations and policies Participate in training Participate in training Notify supervisor of accidents Notify supervisor of accidents (including near misses), spills, (including near misses), spills, damaged equipment, safety damaged equipment, safety deficiencies, prescription drug use deficiencies, prescription drug use or other conditions that may affect or other conditions that may affect alertness or ability, etc. alertness or ability, etc.
- 28. Employee Rights and EmployeeRights and Responsibilities Responsibilities Employee has basic right to make a Employee has basic right to make a complaint regarding unsafe or complaint regarding unsafe or unhealthy workplace conditions unhealthy workplace conditions Address complaint in-house by notifying Address complaint in-house by notifying supervisor and/or EH&S at 328-6166 supervisor and/or EH&S at 328-6166 Contact NCDOL if issue cannot be Contact NCDOL if issue cannot be resolved in-house (1-800-LABOR-NC) resolved in-house (1-800-LABOR-NC) Employer cannot retaliate against an Employer cannot retaliate against an employee for making a complaint employee for making a complaint Employee confidentiality Employee confidentiality
- 29. Required Training for RequiredTraining for All University Personnel All University Personnel Hazard Communication Hazard Communication Ergonomics Ergonomics Accident Reporting Accident Reporting Procedures Procedures Emergency Action Plans Emergency Action Plans
- 30. Required Training for RequiredTraining for Clinical and Lab Personnel Clinical and Lab Personnel Hazard Communication, Hazard Communication, Ergonomics, Accident Reporting Ergonomics, Accident Reporting Procedures and Emergency Action Procedures and Emergency Action Plans Plans Lab Safety Lab Safety Bloodborne Pathogens Bloodborne Pathogens Radiation Safety Radiation Safety Other Toxic and Hazardous Other Toxic and Hazardous Substances Substances
- 31. Required Training for RequiredTraining for Facilities Services Personnel Facilities Services Personnel Hazard Communication, Ergonomics, Accident Hazard Communication, Ergonomics, Accident Reporting Procedures and Emergency Action Plans Reporting Procedures and Emergency Action Plans Asbestos Awareness Asbestos Awareness Electrical Safety Electrical Safety Excavations Excavations PPE, Respiratory Protection, Hearing Protection, PPE, Respiratory Protection, Hearing Protection, Fall Protection Fall Protection Lockout/Tagout Lockout/Tagout Power Tools, Woodworking Machinery, Platforms, Power Tools, Woodworking Machinery, Platforms, Forklifts, Scaffolding, Ladders and other equipment Forklifts, Scaffolding, Ladders and other equipment Confined Spaces Confined Spaces Hazwoper Hazwoper EH&S Monthly and Quarterly Training EH&S Monthly and Quarterly Training Opportunities Opportunities
- 32. Safety and Environmental Safetyand Environmental Compliance at ECU Compliance at ECU QUESTIONS? QUESTIONS? Environmental Health & Safety Environmental Health & Safety Prospective Health Prospective Health 210 East Fourth Street 210 East Fourth Street Warren Life Sciences Warren Life Sciences 328-6166 328-6166 744-2070 744-2070 safety@mail.ecu.edu safety@mail.ecu.edu
Editor's Notes
- #3 During this program we will answer the questions What is ergonomics? What do I need to know about musculoskeletal disorders? How do I adapt my work place? Where can I get additional information about ergonomics?
- #4 Ergonomics is
- #25 Protect and promote the health and safety of our students, employees, patients, campus visitors, and the environment and through compliance with applicable safety and environmental regulations, accreditation requirements, and consensus standards. Primary responsibility rests with the Chancellor and, by delegated authority, to the Vice Chancellor for Administration and Finance. They are responsible for ensuring that safety and environmental responsibility are given an appropriate level of importance and support. The operational component of the safety and environmental programs has been delegated to the Directors of Environmental Health & Safety and Prospective Health through the Vice Chancellor for Administration and Finance and the Vice Chancellor for Health Sciences, respectively. The ultimate success of the safety and environmental programs depends upon the conscientious and cooperative efforts of faculty, management, supervisors, employees, and students. Faculty, management and supervisors are expected to demonstrate leadership through displaying proper attitudes and providing the necessary resources and supervision to conduct activities safely and to help ensure environmental compliance. The University also expects every employee to actively promote and support the safety and environmental program by observing applicable rules and continuously improving their safety and environmental skills through taking advantage of available training and resources.