Vaccinul împotriva COVID-19: Informații privind sarcina, alăptarea și fertili...Sorin Ciprian
Vaccinul împotriva COVID-19: Informații privind sarcina, alăptarea și fertilitatea. Totul despre vaccinul COVID-19 în sarcină și alăptare, Vaccinul Comirnaty. Persoanele care sunt însărcinate și care fac parte dintr-un grup recomandat să primească vaccinul COVID-19 pot alege să fie vaccinate. Dacă au întrebări despre vaccinarea lor, o discuție cu medicul obstetrician sau de familie i-ar putea ajuta să ia o decizie în cunoștință de cauză.
Vaccinul anti-COVID și sarcina
The document provides information about tetanus including:
1) Tetanus is caused by Clostridium tetani bacteria and causes muscle rigidity and painful spasms.
2) It is characterized by "lockjaw" and can be fatal if not properly treated.
3) Treatment involves wound cleaning, antitoxin immunoglobulin injections, and supportive care to prevent respiratory complications until the toxin has been metabolized.
Vaccinul împotriva COVID-19: Informații privind sarcina, alăptarea și fertili...Sorin Ciprian
Vaccinul împotriva COVID-19: Informații privind sarcina, alăptarea și fertilitatea. Totul despre vaccinul COVID-19 în sarcină și alăptare, Vaccinul Comirnaty. Persoanele care sunt însărcinate și care fac parte dintr-un grup recomandat să primească vaccinul COVID-19 pot alege să fie vaccinate. Dacă au întrebări despre vaccinarea lor, o discuție cu medicul obstetrician sau de familie i-ar putea ajuta să ia o decizie în cunoștință de cauză.
Vaccinul anti-COVID și sarcina
The document provides information about tetanus including:
1) Tetanus is caused by Clostridium tetani bacteria and causes muscle rigidity and painful spasms.
2) It is characterized by "lockjaw" and can be fatal if not properly treated.
3) Treatment involves wound cleaning, antitoxin immunoglobulin injections, and supportive care to prevent respiratory complications until the toxin has been metabolized.
This document discusses coronasomnia, or insomnia related to the COVID-19 pandemic. It notes that insomnia has been one of the most searched terms online recently. Coronasomnia is a term created to describe sleep issues arising from the current health context. Factors like stress, anxiety, lack of exercise and sunlight exposure, and insufficient sleep can all contribute to insomnia. Evaluation of insomnia may involve questionnaires, while polysomnography is used in some cases. Treatment focuses on cognitive behavioral therapy techniques like sleep hygiene and stimulus control. The author's clinical experience has seen over a 30% increase in requests for sleep evaluations and treatments, with most cases being secondary to the current health situation.
Deschidere conferinta medicina la altiitudineTraian Mihaescu
The document discusses guidelines for airline travel for passengers with medical conditions from the Aerospace Medical Association and British Airways Health Services. It provides criteria for evaluating passengers with chronic illnesses, including cardiovascular, pulmonary and neurological conditions, for fitness to fly. It notes that an important proportion of passengers who develop medical issues in-flight later require hospitalization. The guidelines advise medical evaluation and clearance prior to travel for at-risk passengers and discuss contraindications and special precautions to ensure passenger safety during air travel.
Efectul presiunii barometrice asupra pasagerilor din cabina de zborTraian Mihaescu
The document discusses the effects of cabin pressure on passengers during air travel. It notes that the cabin is pressurized to an altitude of 1524-2438 meters, resulting in lower oxygen levels compared to sea level. For most healthy passengers this causes a decrease in arterial oxygen tension. However, for passengers with pre-existing lung conditions, it can cause oxygen saturation levels to drop significantly. The document also reviews guidelines for oxygen use during flights and studies examining passenger discomfort at different cabin altitudes.
Aderenta la tratamentul inhalator in bolile respiratoriiTraian Mihaescu
The document discusses adherence to inhaler treatment for conditions like asthma and COPD. It begins by explaining how reward circuitry in the brain reinforces behaviors that promote survival. It then defines adherence and compliance, noting that adherence involves active patient participation while compliance is more passive following of doctor's orders. The document outlines factors influencing adherence like treatment complexity and social support. It reviews data showing poor adherence to inhalers and notes lower adherence for pulmonary diseases. Finally, it discusses the importance of patient education and inhaler type on adherence, emphasizing the need for simple, effective treatment plans to improve outcomes.
The Birmingham Gauge scale is used to measure the diameter of needles, catheters, sutures and other medical devices. It ranges from 5G, the largest diameter of 12.7 mm, to 36G, the smallest diameter of 0.102 mm. The gauge number does not necessarily correspond to needle color as colors can vary by manufacturer. A table is provided listing common medical devices like needles, syringes and catheters along with their gauge, diameter, flow rate and color.
2. • Departamentul de Sanatate
Publica al Californiei (DSPC)
• epidemie de tuse convulsiva
• incidenta raportata a bolii a fost de
5 ori mai mare decat nivelul de baza.
• incidenta in SUA este ciclica: peak
la 3-5 ani
4. • Scop principal DSPC*: prevenirea
cazurilor severe de boala, survenite
indeosebi la copii sub 12 luni.
• Vaccinarea DTPa** a gravidelor in
saptamanile 27-36 de gestatie, la fiecare
sarcina
• Procurarea vaccinului de la furnizorii de
servicii de sanatate prenatale, farmacii
sau alt departament de sanatate publica
*DSPC = Departamentul de Sanatate Publica al Californiei
**DTPa = vaccin antidifpheria, antitetanus, antipertussis acelular
5. Studiul
• Formulare de raportare a cazurilor cu date
demografice, despre simptome, evolutie
clinica si factori favorizanti
• Interviuri cu pacientii sau registre medicale
• 8,562 cazuri raportate oficial (86% din
total)
6. Criterii de includere in studiu
• definitii ale Council of State si Territorial
Epidemiologists de pertussis confirmat
sau pertussis probabil
• definitia DSPC* de suspiciune de tuse
convulsiva
*DSPC = Departamentul de Sanatate Publica al Californiei
7. Incidenta bolii
• Pentru copiii<12 luni: 174,6 cazuri la
100 000 locuitori.
• Pentru copii si adolescenti 14-16 ani,
incidenta prezinta un peak de 137,8
cazuri/100 000 locuitori in randul
subiectilor cu varsta de 15 ani.
8. Incidenta bolii din punct de vedere
demografic
• Pentru copiii<12 luni, mai crescuta la
etnia spaniola (rate ratio=1,7) si mai
scazuta la rasele asiatice si insulare din
Pacific(rate ratio=0,4), fata de cele non-
spaniole.
9.
10.
11.
12. • Dintre copii si adolescentii 14-16 ani
bolnavi, au fost raportate doar 5
spitalizari (0,2%), din care 4 cu durata de
2 zile si doar una de 5 zile.
• In lotul de copii 14-16 ani, doar 2,2%
sustin ca nu au fost vaccinati, iar din cei
vaccinati, 87% prezinta un interval de 3
ani, in medie, de la ultimul rapel.
13. Discutii
• Datorita riscului mare de boala severa la
copiii<12 luni, principalele strategii de
preventie s-au axat pe aceasta categorie
de varsta:
• “cocooning”= vaccinarea contactilor
(2010)
• Transferul transplacentar al anticorpilor
antipertussis poate proteja copii pana la 2
luni
14. • Vaccinarea DTPa dupa varsta de
gestatie de 20 saptamani (2011)
• Vaccinarea DTPa in ultimul trimestru,
saptamanile 27-36 de gestatie (2012) –
19,5% gravide vaccinate
• 25% gravide vaccinate (2013)
• 84% gravide vaccinate in ultimul
trimestru (2014)
15. Pasi de parcurs
1. Recomandarea vaccinarii si reteta pentru
vaccin
2. Alternative de procurare a vaccinului:
farmacii, furnizori primari de servicii
medicale sau departamente medicale
locale.
3. Verificarea statusului de vaccinare la
control si notarea seriei de vaccin.
16. Atentie!
• Initierea precoce a seriei de vaccinari
(6 saptamani) si un ritm mai accelerat
al schemei poate preveni manifestarile
severe ale bolii.
• Imunitatea conferita de DTPa scade
mai repede decat cea oferita de DTP
celular, dar DTPa genereaza mai
putine reactii adverse decat DTP.
17. Concluzii
• Incidenta tusei convulsive este ciclica, avand
peak-uri la fiecare 3-5 ani.
• Incidenta bolii creste in ciuda programelor
mondiale de vaccinare.
• Subiectii cu risc crescut sunt copiii<12 luni.
• Fatalitatea bolii este evidenta doar la
copiii<2luni.
• Este recomandata vaccinarea mamelor in
ultimul trimestru.
18. Bibliografie
• Winter k,Harriman k,et al., California pertussis
epidemic, 2010, J Pediatr 2012;161:1091-6.
• California Department of Public Health. Pertussis:
CDPH case definition, January 1, 2014.pdf
• CDC. Updated recommendations for use of tetanus
toxoid, reduced diphteria toxoid, and acellular
pertussis vaccine (Tdap) in pregnant women –
Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices
(ACIP), 2012. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
2013;62:131-5
• Kharbanda EO, Lipkid H, et al. Receipt of pertussis
vaccine during pregnancy across 7 Vaccine Safety
Datalink Sites. Prev Med 2014, June 18.