Some advice to fashion and luxury businesses, from a barrister and solicitors practising in England & Wales and France, as well as a lawyer practising in Germany, specialising in intellectual property, on the practical steps to take in order to enforce one’s IPRS in France, Germany and the UK.
Jane Lambert, Barrister, 4-5 Gray’s Inn Square
Enforcing Intellectual Property Rights in England and WalesJane Lambert
The document discusses intellectual property enforcement in England and Wales. It notes that unlike other UK nations, England and Wales has a unitary legal system. Nearly all IP claims are heard in the Chancery Division of the High Court, which contains specialized courts for patents and smaller IP claims. Civil procedure involves phases of pre-action correspondence, filing claims, disclosing evidence, witness statements, trial, and potentially an inquiry. Litigation is expensive, so parties often settle disputes through alternative dispute resolution methods instead of going to trial.
The Patents County Court Small Claims TrackJane Lambert
On 1 Oct 2012 CPR Part 63 was amended to create a new small claims track for the Patents County Court. This presentation explains why these rule changes are important and show how they may be operated.
This document provides an introduction to civil law and compares the procedures used in civil law systems to those used in common law systems. It notes that civil law systems use an inquisitorial approach led by a judge, while common law systems use an adversarial approach driven by lawyers. In civil law, evidence is gathered over several smaller hearings rather than in one compressed trial. Judges play a more active role in questioning witnesses rather than lawyers. Criminal procedures also follow an inquisitorial model with investigative and examining phases led by a judge, unlike common law systems which rely on public prosecutors. Overall, the document outlines some of the key distinctions between civil and common law approaches to legal procedure.
This was a presentation by Ian Wishart, an experienced patent attorney, who is also a director of an insurance company that specializes in insuring against the costs and consequences of intellectual property infringement litigation. Mr Wishart presented his paper to Ideas North West in Accrington on the same occasion that I gave my paper on IP enforcement without going bust. In this paper he discussed some of the policies that his company can arrange.
The document discusses the legal doctrine of forum non conveniens, which allows a court to dismiss a case if it determines that it is not the most appropriate or convenient jurisdiction to hear the case. It provides background on the origin and application of the doctrine in various common law countries. Key points include that the doctrine aims to balance convenience of witnesses and parties with interests of justice, and that some jurisdictions like Australia and India have placed limits on its domestic application between local courts.
The document discusses the role and application of European Union law by the Unified Patent Court (UPC). Key points include:
- The UPC will apply EU law first in its entirety and respect its primacy over other laws. It must cooperate with the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) and refer questions to ensure correct application of EU law.
- The UPC will apply substantive laws in the following order: EU law, UPC Agreement, European Patent Convention, international agreements, and national laws of contracting states.
- The UPC judgments will be recognized in EU member states under the Brussels I Regulation. However, recognition can be refused if manifestly contrary to public policy.
- The
The document discusses how trade secrets will be protected in the EU going forward. Currently, there is no harmonized definition of trade secrets across EU member states. However, EU institutions have taken steps to harmonize trade secret protection throughout the EU and align with international standards. A key trade secrets directive is currently at the legislative stage that will define trade secrets, distinguish between lawful and unlawful acquisition, provide civil remedies through national courts, and allow for damages calculation in the event of unlawful acquisition.
Enforcing Intellectual Property Rights in England and WalesJane Lambert
The document discusses intellectual property enforcement in England and Wales. It notes that unlike other UK nations, England and Wales has a unitary legal system. Nearly all IP claims are heard in the Chancery Division of the High Court, which contains specialized courts for patents and smaller IP claims. Civil procedure involves phases of pre-action correspondence, filing claims, disclosing evidence, witness statements, trial, and potentially an inquiry. Litigation is expensive, so parties often settle disputes through alternative dispute resolution methods instead of going to trial.
The Patents County Court Small Claims TrackJane Lambert
On 1 Oct 2012 CPR Part 63 was amended to create a new small claims track for the Patents County Court. This presentation explains why these rule changes are important and show how they may be operated.
This document provides an introduction to civil law and compares the procedures used in civil law systems to those used in common law systems. It notes that civil law systems use an inquisitorial approach led by a judge, while common law systems use an adversarial approach driven by lawyers. In civil law, evidence is gathered over several smaller hearings rather than in one compressed trial. Judges play a more active role in questioning witnesses rather than lawyers. Criminal procedures also follow an inquisitorial model with investigative and examining phases led by a judge, unlike common law systems which rely on public prosecutors. Overall, the document outlines some of the key distinctions between civil and common law approaches to legal procedure.
This was a presentation by Ian Wishart, an experienced patent attorney, who is also a director of an insurance company that specializes in insuring against the costs and consequences of intellectual property infringement litigation. Mr Wishart presented his paper to Ideas North West in Accrington on the same occasion that I gave my paper on IP enforcement without going bust. In this paper he discussed some of the policies that his company can arrange.
The document discusses the legal doctrine of forum non conveniens, which allows a court to dismiss a case if it determines that it is not the most appropriate or convenient jurisdiction to hear the case. It provides background on the origin and application of the doctrine in various common law countries. Key points include that the doctrine aims to balance convenience of witnesses and parties with interests of justice, and that some jurisdictions like Australia and India have placed limits on its domestic application between local courts.
The document discusses the role and application of European Union law by the Unified Patent Court (UPC). Key points include:
- The UPC will apply EU law first in its entirety and respect its primacy over other laws. It must cooperate with the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) and refer questions to ensure correct application of EU law.
- The UPC will apply substantive laws in the following order: EU law, UPC Agreement, European Patent Convention, international agreements, and national laws of contracting states.
- The UPC judgments will be recognized in EU member states under the Brussels I Regulation. However, recognition can be refused if manifestly contrary to public policy.
- The
The document discusses how trade secrets will be protected in the EU going forward. Currently, there is no harmonized definition of trade secrets across EU member states. However, EU institutions have taken steps to harmonize trade secret protection throughout the EU and align with international standards. A key trade secrets directive is currently at the legislative stage that will define trade secrets, distinguish between lawful and unlawful acquisition, provide civil remedies through national courts, and allow for damages calculation in the event of unlawful acquisition.
The news chattered the fashion world last year, when Nike and Converse announced that they were suing many of their competitors for infringement of the “Chuck Taylor” iconic shoe. Learn all about this gritty case here.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang implementasi SPM (Standar Pelayanan Minimal) di Indonesia, khususnya masalah dan tantangan yang dihadapi. Beberapa poin utama meliputi (1) pemahaman dan internalisasi SPM belum optimal di pemerintah dan daerah, (2) alokasi sumber daya belum sepenuhnya mendukung pencapaian target SPM, (3) standar SPM yang tinggi dan luas cakupannya menyulitkan pencapaian. Perbaikan yang disarankan adal
Matthew Drinkwater, head of the FIA, explains what the agency does to forster fruitful relationships between brands and fashion designers.
This presentation was part of the seminar of ialci law of luxury goods series, held in London on 22 July 2014.
http://ialci.org/news/law-of-luxury-goods-series-market-celebrities-music-bands-publicity-rights-product-placement-endorsement-deals/
This short document features photos from various photographers and suggests that the reader may be inspired to create their own presentation on SlideShare. It promotes using Haiku Deck, a presentation tool, to make slideshows and shares photos from different photographers as examples or inspiration. The document encourages the reader to get started making their own Haiku Deck presentation.
This short document promotes creating presentations using Haiku Deck on SlideShare. It encourages the reader to get started making their own Haiku Deck presentation by simply clicking the "GET STARTED" prompt. In just one sentence, it pitches presentation creation using Haiku Deck on SlideShare's platform.
Some advice to fashion and luxury businesses, from a barrister and solicitors practising in England & Wales and France, as well as a lawyer practising in Germany, specialising in intellectual property, on the practical steps to take in order to enforce one’s IPRS in France, Germany and the UK.
Holger Alt, ialci Member of the Executive Committee - responsible for Germany – and Partner, von Boetticher
Amy Goldsmith explains the way endorsement deals, publicity rights and product placements are done on the other side of the pond.
This presentation is part of the law of luxury goods series seminar on how to market through celebrities and music bands - endorsement contracts, product placement and publicity rights.
How are design rights and copyright used, in the fashion sector, to protect prints? What is the latest case law on this field?
Alexander Rozycki, Barrister, 4-5 Gray’s Inns Square
Crefovi's founding partner and ialci president, Annabelle Gauberti, explains what brands can do to protect themselves from misbehaviour of their brand ambassadors and endorsers.
This presentation is part of the law of luxury goods series seminar on how to market through celebrities and music bands - endorsement contracts, product placement and publicity rights.
Certain internet companies provide services which efficiently fight against counterfeiting and online infringement, without resorting to legal means. How does this technology complement the work done by lawyers to fight against the online pandemic of knockoffs? What services, exactly, are provided to brands? Stuart Durham, General Manager UK, NetNames
Pob stage 2 lecture 8 slides the english legal systemDiana Shore
This document provides an introduction to the English legal system. It outlines the key sources of English law, including customs, statutes, case law, European Union law, and human rights law. It then describes the main institutions that comprise the English legal system, such as the structure of the court system. Civil cases are heard in county courts or the High Court, while criminal cases are heard in magistrates' courts, the Crown Court, or the High Court. The document also briefly discusses the personnel that make up the legal profession in England, including solicitors, barristers, legal executives, and patent and trademark agents.
The document outlines the family divisional court system in England and Wales. It begins with key terms and then describes the courts of first instance which include the county court and high court. It details the jurisdictions of the magistrates' court, county court for small, fast and multi-track claims, and the three divisions of the high court - Queen's Bench, Family and Chancery. The document then explains the appeal process from these lower courts to the court of appeal and supreme court. It provides information on when leave to appeal is required and the roles of each appellate court.
The preliminary referencing procedure enables national courts to refer questions to the Court of Justice on the interpretation or validity of EU law in cases before them. This promotes uniform application of EU law. There are two types of preliminary reference procedures - the discretionary procedure where national courts may refer questions, and the mandatory procedure where courts of last instance must refer questions. National courts play a key role in applying preliminary rulings from the Court of Justice to their specific cases. The Court of Justice also aims to interpret EU law consistently using contextual and purposive techniques.
The document provides information about upcoming classes, assessments, and recommended reading materials. It also outlines topics related to the criminal courts, including the differences between the Magistrates' Court and Crown Court. Finally, it lists learning objectives related to the English court system, civil courts, and alternative dispute resolution.
TROs and Preliminary Injunctions (Series: Newbie Litigator School 101 - Part 1)Financial Poise
Sometimes—often at the beginning of a case—you need the court to take immediate action to protect your client’s interests or to maintain the status quo while the litigation progresses. This webinar discusses procedures and strategies for obtaining temporary restraining orders and preliminary injunctions. The topics discussed include the procedural and substantive requirements for obtaining TROs and preliminary injunctions, some best practices for how to succeed on motions seeking TROs and preliminary injunctions, and how to challenge and defeat those motions.
To view the accompanying webinar, go to: https://www.financialpoise.com/financial-poise-webinars/tros-and-preliminary-injunctions-2021/
This document introduces the key legal actors in civil law systems: lawyers, judges, and legal academics. It discusses how lawyers operate without a barrister/solicitor distinction in places like France and Germany. Judges in civil law systems typically follow a career path starting with legal education and exams before serving as judges. Legal academics have traditionally played an important role in developing civil law as the "law of the professors."
The document provides an overview of proposed reforms to civil procedure rules in the Supreme Court, including:
1) Significant proposed reforms include enacting an Overriding Objective, reforms to case management, expert evidence, costs regime, and settlement offers.
2) Key terminology is defined that is changing, such as replacing writs with claim forms and pleadings with statements of case.
3) Fixed date claims and the procedures for them are outlined.
The document provides an overview of the inquisitorial and adversarial legal systems. It describes key features of the inquisitorial system including the judge taking an active role in investigating facts, the origins in ecclesiastical courts, and the judge instructeur gathering evidence. It also outlines characteristics of adversarial systems such as common law countries using passive judges, parties presenting evidence, and the presumption of innocence.
Partners Jon Gurka and Mauricio Uribe provided an overview of patent litigation in the United States. They provided insights and practical tips related to understanding patent litigation in the United States and developing effective litigation strategies, including phases, timelines and milestones, fees and costs, and legal remedies.
Speakers: Jon Gurka, Mauricio Uribe
The news chattered the fashion world last year, when Nike and Converse announced that they were suing many of their competitors for infringement of the “Chuck Taylor” iconic shoe. Learn all about this gritty case here.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang implementasi SPM (Standar Pelayanan Minimal) di Indonesia, khususnya masalah dan tantangan yang dihadapi. Beberapa poin utama meliputi (1) pemahaman dan internalisasi SPM belum optimal di pemerintah dan daerah, (2) alokasi sumber daya belum sepenuhnya mendukung pencapaian target SPM, (3) standar SPM yang tinggi dan luas cakupannya menyulitkan pencapaian. Perbaikan yang disarankan adal
Matthew Drinkwater, head of the FIA, explains what the agency does to forster fruitful relationships between brands and fashion designers.
This presentation was part of the seminar of ialci law of luxury goods series, held in London on 22 July 2014.
http://ialci.org/news/law-of-luxury-goods-series-market-celebrities-music-bands-publicity-rights-product-placement-endorsement-deals/
This short document features photos from various photographers and suggests that the reader may be inspired to create their own presentation on SlideShare. It promotes using Haiku Deck, a presentation tool, to make slideshows and shares photos from different photographers as examples or inspiration. The document encourages the reader to get started making their own Haiku Deck presentation.
This short document promotes creating presentations using Haiku Deck on SlideShare. It encourages the reader to get started making their own Haiku Deck presentation by simply clicking the "GET STARTED" prompt. In just one sentence, it pitches presentation creation using Haiku Deck on SlideShare's platform.
Some advice to fashion and luxury businesses, from a barrister and solicitors practising in England & Wales and France, as well as a lawyer practising in Germany, specialising in intellectual property, on the practical steps to take in order to enforce one’s IPRS in France, Germany and the UK.
Holger Alt, ialci Member of the Executive Committee - responsible for Germany – and Partner, von Boetticher
Amy Goldsmith explains the way endorsement deals, publicity rights and product placements are done on the other side of the pond.
This presentation is part of the law of luxury goods series seminar on how to market through celebrities and music bands - endorsement contracts, product placement and publicity rights.
How are design rights and copyright used, in the fashion sector, to protect prints? What is the latest case law on this field?
Alexander Rozycki, Barrister, 4-5 Gray’s Inns Square
Crefovi's founding partner and ialci president, Annabelle Gauberti, explains what brands can do to protect themselves from misbehaviour of their brand ambassadors and endorsers.
This presentation is part of the law of luxury goods series seminar on how to market through celebrities and music bands - endorsement contracts, product placement and publicity rights.
Certain internet companies provide services which efficiently fight against counterfeiting and online infringement, without resorting to legal means. How does this technology complement the work done by lawyers to fight against the online pandemic of knockoffs? What services, exactly, are provided to brands? Stuart Durham, General Manager UK, NetNames
Pob stage 2 lecture 8 slides the english legal systemDiana Shore
This document provides an introduction to the English legal system. It outlines the key sources of English law, including customs, statutes, case law, European Union law, and human rights law. It then describes the main institutions that comprise the English legal system, such as the structure of the court system. Civil cases are heard in county courts or the High Court, while criminal cases are heard in magistrates' courts, the Crown Court, or the High Court. The document also briefly discusses the personnel that make up the legal profession in England, including solicitors, barristers, legal executives, and patent and trademark agents.
The document outlines the family divisional court system in England and Wales. It begins with key terms and then describes the courts of first instance which include the county court and high court. It details the jurisdictions of the magistrates' court, county court for small, fast and multi-track claims, and the three divisions of the high court - Queen's Bench, Family and Chancery. The document then explains the appeal process from these lower courts to the court of appeal and supreme court. It provides information on when leave to appeal is required and the roles of each appellate court.
The preliminary referencing procedure enables national courts to refer questions to the Court of Justice on the interpretation or validity of EU law in cases before them. This promotes uniform application of EU law. There are two types of preliminary reference procedures - the discretionary procedure where national courts may refer questions, and the mandatory procedure where courts of last instance must refer questions. National courts play a key role in applying preliminary rulings from the Court of Justice to their specific cases. The Court of Justice also aims to interpret EU law consistently using contextual and purposive techniques.
The document provides information about upcoming classes, assessments, and recommended reading materials. It also outlines topics related to the criminal courts, including the differences between the Magistrates' Court and Crown Court. Finally, it lists learning objectives related to the English court system, civil courts, and alternative dispute resolution.
TROs and Preliminary Injunctions (Series: Newbie Litigator School 101 - Part 1)Financial Poise
Sometimes—often at the beginning of a case—you need the court to take immediate action to protect your client’s interests or to maintain the status quo while the litigation progresses. This webinar discusses procedures and strategies for obtaining temporary restraining orders and preliminary injunctions. The topics discussed include the procedural and substantive requirements for obtaining TROs and preliminary injunctions, some best practices for how to succeed on motions seeking TROs and preliminary injunctions, and how to challenge and defeat those motions.
To view the accompanying webinar, go to: https://www.financialpoise.com/financial-poise-webinars/tros-and-preliminary-injunctions-2021/
This document introduces the key legal actors in civil law systems: lawyers, judges, and legal academics. It discusses how lawyers operate without a barrister/solicitor distinction in places like France and Germany. Judges in civil law systems typically follow a career path starting with legal education and exams before serving as judges. Legal academics have traditionally played an important role in developing civil law as the "law of the professors."
The document provides an overview of proposed reforms to civil procedure rules in the Supreme Court, including:
1) Significant proposed reforms include enacting an Overriding Objective, reforms to case management, expert evidence, costs regime, and settlement offers.
2) Key terminology is defined that is changing, such as replacing writs with claim forms and pleadings with statements of case.
3) Fixed date claims and the procedures for them are outlined.
The document provides an overview of the inquisitorial and adversarial legal systems. It describes key features of the inquisitorial system including the judge taking an active role in investigating facts, the origins in ecclesiastical courts, and the judge instructeur gathering evidence. It also outlines characteristics of adversarial systems such as common law countries using passive judges, parties presenting evidence, and the presumption of innocence.
Partners Jon Gurka and Mauricio Uribe provided an overview of patent litigation in the United States. They provided insights and practical tips related to understanding patent litigation in the United States and developing effective litigation strategies, including phases, timelines and milestones, fees and costs, and legal remedies.
Speakers: Jon Gurka, Mauricio Uribe
This document discusses alternative dispute resolution methods to litigation, including mediation, commercial arbitration, and tribunals. Mediation involves an independent third party to guide parties to an agreement, while arbitration has determinative findings that can be binding. Many commercial contracts contain arbitration clauses for quicker and less expensive resolution. Tribunals specialize in specific areas and have less formal procedures than courts. Decisions can be appealed on grounds such as procedural errors or lack of evidence. The document provides examples of federal and NSW tribunals that cover areas like consumer claims, licensing, and administrative reviews.
This document provides an introduction to Unit 4 which focuses on criminal cases and civil disputes. It outlines the key differences between criminal and civil matters and discusses the institutions that handle resolution of these cases. Specifically, it describes the Victorian court system including the original and appellate jurisdictions of the Magistrates' Court, County Court, and Supreme Court. It also discusses alternative dispute resolution methods used by courts and the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal.
Week 1 - Introduction and the Canadian Legal System (1)(1).pptxMariaPatino16
This document provides an introduction to the Canadian legal system. It discusses key topics including the sources of Canadian law such as legislation, common law, and the Quebec Civil Code. It outlines the hierarchy of courts in Canada and explains the roles of Parliament, legislatures, and courts. It also distinguishes between public law, private law, criminal law, and civil law. The document introduces important constitutional concepts like the division of powers between federal and provincial governments. Finally, it discusses the role of precedent in common law and how legislation and administrative tribunals fit within Canada's legal framework.
The document discusses intra-EU freezing and search orders. It summarizes that:
1) Freezing orders can be obtained in England and Wales even when the substantive claim is proceeding elsewhere in the EU, as long as there are assets or a defendant present in England and Wales.
2) Obtaining permission to enforce a freezing order in another EU jurisdiction requires following guidelines to balance interests and ensure effectiveness and proportionality.
3) While the jurisdiction for cross-border freezing orders is established, search orders across EU borders remain limited in scope due to sovereignty issues.
This document provides an overview of an Anton Piller injunction order. It explains that this is an extraordinary legal remedy obtained without notifying the defendant that allows the preservation of evidence that may otherwise be destroyed. The document outlines the conditions for obtaining this order, how it has been recognized in Quebec law, its applications in labor law cases, and the protections for defendants against potential abuses of this process. Advantages of the order include encouraging settlements and obtaining evidence for future litigation, while disadvantages include high costs and risks of damages for non-compliance.
This document provides an introduction to the subject of Private International Law (PIL). It defines PIL and outlines its key questions and principles.
1) PIL determines the circumstances under which foreign elements in a legal claim impact jurisdiction, choice of law, and recognition of foreign judgments. It aims to prescribe court competence, determine the law applied to rights, and specify foreign judgment recognition.
2) PIL addresses situations where parties, property, or acts connected to a case involve multiple countries. It determines which country's law applies rather than allowing legal systems to conflict.
3) The three principal questions of PIL are choice of jurisdiction, choice of applicable law, and recognition of foreign judgments. It aims to avoid conflicts and inconvenience
The document provides information about the Scottish Letting Day 2019 conference and exhibition that took place on November 12, 2019. It includes the schedule of sessions on various topics related to property letting in Scotland. Some of the sessions covered obtaining repossession orders from the First-tier Tribunal, compliance with the letting agent code of practice, and using LinkedIn effectively for business development. The document acts as an agenda and guide for attendees of the conference.
This document provides information about civil law cases in the UK legal system. It defines civil cases as disputes where an individual or business believes their rights have been infringed. It describes different types of civil claims like contract disputes, negligence cases, and trespass. It explains the typical process for civil cases, including negotiation, consulting a solicitor, and taking a case to court. It discusses the county court and high court systems for hearing civil cases, and outlines the small claims, fast, and multi-track processes for allocating cases based on value and complexity.
This document provides an overview of administrative tribunals in Malaysia. It defines administrative tribunals as bodies created by statute outside the court system to resolve specific disputes. It describes the key characteristics and reasons for their growth, including reducing court caseloads and allowing for specialized expertise. Examples given include the Tribunal for Consumer Claims, Tribunal for Homebuyer Claims, and Industrial Court. The document also discusses challenges to tribunal awards and the recommendations of the 1957 Franks Committee on improving the tribunal system in areas like impartiality, procedures, and appeals.
Similar to Enforcing IPRs: a European concise guide for luxury and fashion businesses - England & Wales (20)
At Techbox Square, in Singapore, we're not just creative web designers and developers, we're the driving force behind your brand identity. Contact us today.
The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024.pdfthesiliconleaders
In the recent edition, The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024, The Silicon Leaders magazine gladly features Dejan Štancer, President of the Global Chamber of Business Leaders (GCBL), along with other leaders.
Understanding User Needs and Satisfying ThemAggregage
https://www.productmanagementtoday.com/frs/26903918/understanding-user-needs-and-satisfying-them
We know we want to create products which our customers find to be valuable. Whether we label it as customer-centric or product-led depends on how long we've been doing product management. There are three challenges we face when doing this. The obvious challenge is figuring out what our users need; the non-obvious challenges are in creating a shared understanding of those needs and in sensing if what we're doing is meeting those needs.
In this webinar, we won't focus on the research methods for discovering user-needs. We will focus on synthesis of the needs we discover, communication and alignment tools, and how we operationalize addressing those needs.
Industry expert Scott Sehlhorst will:
• Introduce a taxonomy for user goals with real world examples
• Present the Onion Diagram, a tool for contextualizing task-level goals
• Illustrate how customer journey maps capture activity-level and task-level goals
• Demonstrate the best approach to selection and prioritization of user-goals to address
• Highlight the crucial benchmarks, observable changes, in ensuring fulfillment of customer needs
buy old yahoo accounts buy yahoo accountsSusan Laney
As a business owner, I understand the importance of having a strong online presence and leveraging various digital platforms to reach and engage with your target audience. One often overlooked yet highly valuable asset in this regard is the humble Yahoo account. While many may perceive Yahoo as a relic of the past, the truth is that these accounts still hold immense potential for businesses of all sizes.
At Techbox Square, in Singapore, we're not just creative web designers and developers, we're the driving force behind your brand identity. Contact us today.
Navigating the world of forex trading can be challenging, especially for beginners. To help you make an informed decision, we have comprehensively compared the best forex brokers in India for 2024. This article, reviewed by Top Forex Brokers Review, will cover featured award winners, the best forex brokers, featured offers, the best copy trading platforms, the best forex brokers for beginners, the best MetaTrader brokers, and recently updated reviews. We will focus on FP Markets, Black Bull, EightCap, IC Markets, and Octa.
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Every industrial revolution has created a new set of categories and a new set of players.
Multiple new technologies have emerged, but Samsara and C3.ai are only two companies which have gone public so far.
Manufacturing startups constitute the largest pipeline share of unicorns and IPO candidates in the SF Bay Area, and software startups dominate in Germany.
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This session provided an update as to the latest valuation data in the UK and then delved into a discussion on the upcoming election and the impacts on valuation. We finished, as always with a Q&A
Anny Serafina Love - Letter of Recommendation by Kellen Harkins, MS.AnnySerafinaLove
This letter, written by Kellen Harkins, Course Director at Full Sail University, commends Anny Love's exemplary performance in the Video Sharing Platforms class. It highlights her dedication, willingness to challenge herself, and exceptional skills in production, editing, and marketing across various video platforms like YouTube, TikTok, and Instagram.
SATTA MATKA SATTA FAST RESULT KALYAN TOP MATKA RESULT KALYAN SATTA MATKA FAST RESULT MILAN RATAN RAJDHANI MAIN BAZAR MATKA FAST TIPS RESULT MATKA CHART JODI CHART PANEL CHART FREE FIX GAME SATTAMATKA ! MATKA MOBI SATTA 143 spboss.in TOP NO1 RESULT FULL RATE MATKA ONLINE GAME PLAY BY APP SPBOSS
Storytelling is an incredibly valuable tool to share data and information. To get the most impact from stories there are a number of key ingredients. These are based on science and human nature. Using these elements in a story you can deliver information impactfully, ensure action and drive change.
2. No
such
thing
as
UK
Law
• Unlike
Germany
the
UK
is
a
unitary
state
so
no
there
is
no
such
thing
as
federal
law
• AdministraEon
of
jusEce
is
devolved
to
ScoHsh
and
Northern
Irish
governments
• There
are
three
legal
systems
in
the
UK
with
very
different
court
systems,
rules
of
procedure
and
even
legal
terminology
(eg.
“claimant”,
“pursuer”
and
plainEff”)
3. Rest
of
Discussion
will
focus
on
England
and
Wales
• Civil
Procedure
Rules
came
into
force
in
April
1999
• Replaced
separate
rules
of
procedure
for
the
Senior
Courts
(then
called
the
Supreme
Court)
and
the
County
Courts
• CPR
consist
of
Rules
and
PracEce
DirecEons
• Part
63
and
PD
Part
63
deal
with
IP
claims
• CPR
are
supplemented
by
Court
guides
4. Courts
of
England
and
Wales
• Senior
courts
include
a
Court
of
Appeal
and
a
court
of
first
instance
known
as
the
High
Court
• High
Court
consists
of
three
divisions:
Chancery,
Queen’s
Bench
and
Family
• Nearly
all
intellectual
property
claims
are
heard
by
the
Chancery
Division
• Within
the
Chancery
Division
there
are
two
specialist
courts
for
IP:
the
Patents
Court
and
Intellectual
Property
Enterprise
Court
(“IPEC”)
5. Chancery
Division
• IPEC
hears
claims
of
less
than
£500,000
that
can
be
tried
in
no
more
than
2
days
• IPEC
has
a
small
claims
track
for
IP
claims
(other
than
patents
and
registered
or
registered
Community
designs)
of
less
than
£10,000
• Patents
Court
hears
patent,
registered
designs,
registered
Community
design
cases
6. Chancery
Division
• All
other
IP
claims
are
heard
by
the
judges
of
the
Chancery
Division
who
also
hear
company,
real
property,
trusts
and
probate
cases
• The
Patents
Court,
IPEC
and
the
rest
of
the
Chancery
Division
apply
different
parts
of
Part
63
and
PD63
to
different
types
of
IP
claim
• There
are
separate
Chancery,
Patent
Court,
IPEC
mulEtrack
and
small
claims
track
guides
7. Chancery
Division
• In
IPEC
recoverable
costs
for
claims
of
under
£500,000
are
limited
to
£50,000
for
determinaEon
of
liability
and
£25,000
for
determinaEon
of
damages
or
accountable
profits
• In
the
IPEC
small
claims
track
recoverable
costs
are
limited
to
just
a
few
hundred
pounds
8. Civil
Procedure
in
England
and
Wales
• Civil
procedure
in
common
law
jurisdicEons
such
as
England
and
Wales
differs
considerably
from
that
of
the
civil
law
jurisdicEons
of
the
ConEnent
• In
common
law
countries
it
is
the
parEes
rather
than
the
judges
who
decide
the
issues
the
court
will
try
and
the
evidence
to
be
adduced
9. Civil
Procedure
in
England
and
Wales
• Cases
are
determined
in
phases:
-‐
pre-‐acEon
correspondence
where
parEes
exchange
informaEon
and
try
to
resolve
their
dispute
through
negoEaEon
or
some
other
form
of
ADR
-‐
issue
of
claim
and
exchange
of
statements
of
case
(formerly
known
as
“pleadings”)
-‐
disclosure
where
parEes
exchange
lists
of
documents
in
their
possession
or
control
10. Civil
Procedure
in
England
and
Wales
-‐
exchange
of
witness
statements
and
experts’
reports
-‐
trial
where
each
party
presents
its
witnesses
and
physical
evidence,
cross-‐examines
the
witnesses
of
the
other
parEes
and
makes
its
legal
arguments
-‐
if
the
claimant
wins
there
is
an
inquiry
or
account
where
the
process
is
repeated
11. Civil
Procedure
in
England
and
Wales
• IPEC
streamlines
that
procedure
by
requiring
a
case
management
conference
aeer
exchange
of
statements
where
the
court
fixes
a
date
for
trial,
idenEfies
issues
to
be
tried
and
evidence
to
be
adduced
and
sets
a
Emetable
• The
small
claims
track
determines
liability
and
remedy
in
one
session
and
dispenses
with
most
of
the
other
phases
altogether
12. Civil
Procedure
in
England
and
Wales
• A
trial
usually
takes
place
a
year
aeer
the
issue
of
proceedings
whether
the
case
proceeds
in
IPEC
or
not
• An
account
of
profits
or
an
inquiry
as
to
damages
takes
place
a
year
aeer
trial
• An
appeal
to
Court
of
Appeal
can
be
heard
a
year
aeer
the
trial
or
account
or
inquiry
• Small
claims
cases
are
heard
within
months
of
issue
of
proceedings
13. Civil
Procedure
in
England
and
Wales
• Common
law
procedure
much
more
expensive
than
that
of
civil
law
countries
• A
study
by
IPAC
in
2003
found
that
the
average
cost
of
a
patent
infringement
claim
in
England
was
over
£1
million
in
Patents
Court
and
US$2
to
4
million
in
USA
but
only
about
€50,000
in
France
and
Germany
and
€10,000
to
€40,000
in
Netherlands
14. Civil
Procedure
in
England
and
Wales
• Because
liEgaEon
is
expensive
parEes
are
encouraged
to
sehle
their
dispute
through
negoEaEon
or
ADR
as
early
as
possible
• Unless
there
is
good
reason
to
believe
the
defendant
will
hide
or
destroy
evidence
or
remove
or
dissipate
assets
claimants
are
expected
to
send
a
“leher
before
claim”
before
issuing
proceedings
15. No
such
thing
as
a
“cease
and
desist”
leher
in
English
terminology
• Nearest
we
have
is
a
“leher
before
claim”
• Para
7.1
(1)
PD
–
Pre-‐AcEon
Conduct
provides:
“7.1
Before
starEng
proceedings
–
(1)
the
claimant
should
set
out
the
details
of
the
maher
in
wriEng
by
sending
a
leher
before
claim
to
the
defendant.
This
leher
before
claim
is
not
the
start
of
proceedings;”
• The
defendant
is
expected
to
respond
in
full
within
28
days
16. No
such
thing
as
a
“cease
and
desist”
leher
in
English
terminology
• The
purpose
of
the
leher
before
claim
is
to
encourage
negoEaEon
and
ADR
in
accordance
with
the
PD
rather
than
by
liEgaEon
• If
a
party
does
not
try
to
resolve
the
dispute
in
accordance
with
the
PD
it
can
be
penalized
by
a
costs
order
or
some
other
sancEon
17. InjuncEons
• Senior
Courts
have
power
to
grant
final
and
interim
injuncEons
under
s.37
Senior
Courts
Act
1981
• Disobedience
to
an
injuncEon
is
punished
by
imprisonment
or
financial
penalty
and
not
simply
an
astreinte
as
in
most
civil
law
jurisdicEons
• Final
injuncEons
are
granted
aeer
trial
but
before
account
or
inquiry
and
interim
injuncEons
awarded
aeer
start
of
proceedings
18. Interim
InjuncEons
• Before
CPR
were
introduced
in
1999
interim
injuncEon
applicaEons
were
commonplace
in
IP
liEgaEon
• Much
rarer
under
CPR
largely
because
they
are
expensive
and
the
losing
party
has
to
pay
the
costs
of
the
applicaEon
within
14
days
of
decision
19. Interim
InjuncEons
• Granted
if
the
court
decides
the
applicant
can
win,
damages
will
not
compensate
applicant
adequately
for
its
loss
if
it
wins
and
that
the
applicant
can
compensate
the
respondent
adequately
in
damages
if
the
court
later
decides
that
the
injuncEon
should
never
have
been
awarded
• Court
has
power
to
grant
special
interim
injuncEons
known
as
“search
orders”
and
“freezing
injuncEons”
which
are
granted
without
noEce
to
the
defendant
20. Interim
InjuncEons
• The
small
claims
track
of
IPEC
has
no
jurisdicEon
to
grant
interim
injuncEons
• IPEC
has
power
to
grant
interim
injuncEons
but
rarely
does
so
• Claimants
who
require
interim
injuncEons
would
bring
their
claims
in
the
Chancery
Division
or
Patents
Court
if
the
claim
is
for
registered
or
registered
Community
design
infringement
21. Search
Orders
• An
order
requiring
an
occupier
to
admit
a
solicitor
who
is
independent
of
the
parEes
and
the
applicant’s
lawyers
and
experts
to
search
the
occupier’s
premises,
vehicles
and
computers
for
documents
and
physical
evidence
and
to
take
copies
or
samples
of
such
evidence
• Only
granted
if
judge
believes
that
the
defendant
may
destroy
or
hide
evidence
22. Freezing
injuncEons
• An
order
prohibiEng
the
respondent
from
transferring
funds
or
spending
moneys
otherwise
than
in
the
normal
course
of
business
• Only
granted
if
judge
believes
that
the
defendant
may
remove
or
dissipate
assets
• Search
orders
can
be
combined
with
freezing
injuncEons
23. What
happens
in
PracEce
• Because
of
costs
most
cases
are
sehled
by
negoEaEon,
mediaEon
or
other
forms
of
ADR
long
before
the
acEon
goes
to
trial
• Piracy,
counterfeiEng
and
since
1
Oct
2014
deliberate
copying
of
registered
or
registered
Community
designs
are
offences
• IPO
and
trading
standards
officers
have
IP
Crime
Unit
• IP
owners
can
bring
private
prosecuEons
in
worst
cases
24. Any
QuesEons?
Jane
Lambert
4-‐5
Gray’s
Inn
Square
020
7404
5252
jlambert@4-‐5.co.uk
www.4-‐5.co.uk