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OMICS Group
Contact us at: contact.omics@omicsonline.org
OMICS Group International through its Open Access Initiative is committed to make
genuine and reliable contributions to the scientific community. OMICS Group hosts
over 400 leading-edge peer reviewed Open Access Journals and organizes over 300
International Conferences annually all over the world. OMICS Publishing Group
journals have over 3 million readers and the fame and success of the same can be
attributed to the strong editorial board which contains over 30000 eminent
personalities that ensure a rapid, quality and quick review process. OMICS Group
signed an agreement with more than 1000 International Societies to make healthcare
information Open Access.
OMICS Group welcomes submissions that are original and technically so as
to serve both the developing world and developed countries in the best
possible way.
OMICS Journals are poised in excellence by publishing high quality
research. OMICS Group follows an Editorial Manager® System peer review
process and boasts of a strong and active editorial board.
Editors and reviewers are experts in their field and provide anonymous,
unbiased and detailed reviews of all submissions.
The journal gives the options of multiple language translations for all the
articles and all archived articles are available in HTML, XML, PDF and
audio formats. Also, all the published articles are archived in repositories and
indexing services like DOAJ, CAS, Google Scholar, Scientific Commons,
Index Copernicus, EBSCO, HINARI and GALE.
For more details please visit our website:
http://omicsonline.org/Submitmanuscript.php
OMICS Journals are welcoming Submissions
Electrical Brain Imaging-Brain Mapping
(QEEG)-LORETA
Z-score Neurofeedback in
Neuropsychiatric Practice
J. Lucas Koberda, MD, PhD,
Professor of Neurology
Tallahassee NeuroBalance Center,
4838 Kerry Forest Parkway,
Tallahassee, FL
Brodmann cortical
areas 1909
Described by Dr.
Brodmann
approximately
100 years ago but
still widely used
in research and
clinical practice
which links
specific cortical
brain areas to
particular
functions
Electrical imaging
 Blood electrolytes abnormalities –
imbalance-hypo- or hyper-(Na, K,
Ca) gives well known clinical
symptoms-Electrolyte abnormalities
are detected based on previously
determined normative values.
 Brain electrical imbalance (normative
database) gives symptoms based on
cortical localization-see Brodmann’s
Areas
Neuropsychiatric work up
 Detailed history (symptoms and
complains)
 Neurobehavioral questionnaire
 Cognitive computerized testing
 Brain MRI, LAB’s (B12
deficiency)
 QEEG/LORETA
Materials and Methods
LORETA-is a 3D mathematical transformation of
QEEG data enabling relatively precise 7-10 mm
localization of cortical dysfunction
Neurotrax Corp. is a computerized cognitive
testing where patient is compared to aged and
education matched healthy controls where
mean=100 with 1 standard deviation=15.
This testing has been previously extensively tested
for reliability. To minimize learning across sessions,
3 alternate forms of cognitive tests were developed
with identical psychometric properties but different
items. Equivalence for all three alternate forms
was demonstrated to have an acceptable test-retest
reliability
Z score NFB
The clinical use of NFB in
neuropsychiatry involves 3
steps:
1. 1. Evaluation of patients
symptoms and complaints
2. 2. Linking the patient’s
symptoms to functional
specialization in the brain
3. 3. Real-time Z score
neurofeedback of deviant
or deregulated brain
regions associated with the
patient’s symptoms.
Use of real time to an age
matched normative
database with Z scores or
standard deviations to
train patients toward Z=O
in brain regions associated
with particular disorders.
Z-score surface/LORETA 19
electrodes NFB
58 year old female with long
history of chronic migraine
and daily HA.
Pre-NFB QEEG (brain maps)
showed marked increase in
frontal and central beta
power as well as increased
delta and theta powers.
Z-scored surface and LORETA
19-electrodes NFB-
continuation
After initiation of NFB and
completion of 10 sessions of
therapy patient’s HAs
practically resolved and were
in remission for 2-3 months.
F/U QEEG showed the
resolution of frontal and
central excess of beta activity
(power).
15 year old female competitive horse rider who was complaining of major anxiety before
competitions and poor performance. Brain Mapping (QEEG) was completed before
Neurofeedback (NFB) and after 15 sessions of NFB. See major reduction of beta activity
(red color indicates increased beta activity-responsible for the anxiety) in after NFB maps.
After NFB marked improvement of anxiety and performance during the competitions was
noted
15 F with anxiety-LORETA-before and after
15 NFB sessions: BA 25
Invited publication
2012
16 M after mTBI-Computerized cognitive
testing after 10 sessions of NFB

Global CS: 82.3 110.7

Memory: 85.9 105.6

Executive Function: 65.7 108.4

Attention: 49.2 108.1

Info Proc. Speed 82.7 113.1

Visual Spatial: 107.3 113.9

Verbal Function: 85.3 114.2

Motor Skills: 100.1 111.6
32 M-with mTBI-after he was assaulted in
psychiatric hospital-computerized cognitive
testing before and after NFB

Global CS: 91.5 95.6 101 104

Memory 90.5 99.6 101.3 107.8


Info Processing Speed: 64.2 74 89.9 90.3

32 M-with mTBI-after he was assaulted in
psychiatric hospital-computerized cognitive
testing before and after NFB

Global CS: 91.5 95.6 101 104

Memory 90.5 99.6 101.3 107.8


Info Processing Speed: 64.2 74 89.9 90.3

68 y.o. female with 1-2 years of progressive forgetfulness due to mild AD
(second opinion after visit with another neurologist/neuropsychologist-
recommended Aricept)
OMICS Group
Contact us at: contact.omics@omicsonline.org
OMICS Group International through its Open Access Initiative is committed to make
genuine and reliable contributions to the scientific community. OMICS Group hosts
over 400 leading-edge peer reviewed Open Access Journals and organizes over 300
International Conferences annually all over the world. OMICS Publishing Group
journals have over 3 million readers and the fame and success of the same can be
attributed to the strong editorial board which contains over 30000 eminent
personalities that ensure a rapid, quality and quick review process. OMICS Group
signed an agreement with more than 1000 International Societies to make healthcare
information Open Access.
OMICS Group welcomes submissions that are original and technically so as
to serve both the developing world and developed countries in the best
possible way.
OMICS Journals are poised in excellence by publishing high quality
research. OMICS Group follows an Editorial Manager® System peer review
process and boasts of a strong and active editorial board.
Editors and reviewers are experts in their field and provide anonymous,
unbiased and detailed reviews of all submissions.
The journal gives the options of multiple language translations for all the
articles and all archived articles are available in HTML, XML, PDF and
audio formats. Also, all the published articles are archived in repositories and
indexing services like DOAJ, CAS, Google Scholar, Scientific Commons,
Index Copernicus, EBSCO, HINARI and GALE.
For more details please visit our website:
http://omicsonline.org/Submitmanuscript.php
OMICS Journals are welcoming Submissions
Emergency Mental Health
Related Journals
International Journal of School and Cognitive Psychology
Psychology & Psychotherapy
Psychiatry: Open Access
Psychological Abnormalities in Children
Annual Conference on Fostering Human Resilience
Annual Summit on Sleep Disorders and Medicine
Euro Global Summit and Medicare Expo on Psychiatry
Emergency Mental Health
Related Conferences
OMICS Group Open Access Membership
OMICS publishing Group Open Access Membership enables academic
and research institutions, funders and corporations to actively
encourage open access in scholarly communication and the
dissemination of research published by their authors.
For more details and benefits, click on the link below:
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ENCEPHALOGRAPHY PANKAJ.pptx

  • 1. OMICS Group Contact us at: contact.omics@omicsonline.org OMICS Group International through its Open Access Initiative is committed to make genuine and reliable contributions to the scientific community. OMICS Group hosts over 400 leading-edge peer reviewed Open Access Journals and organizes over 300 International Conferences annually all over the world. OMICS Publishing Group journals have over 3 million readers and the fame and success of the same can be attributed to the strong editorial board which contains over 30000 eminent personalities that ensure a rapid, quality and quick review process. OMICS Group signed an agreement with more than 1000 International Societies to make healthcare information Open Access.
  • 2. OMICS Group welcomes submissions that are original and technically so as to serve both the developing world and developed countries in the best possible way. OMICS Journals are poised in excellence by publishing high quality research. OMICS Group follows an Editorial Manager® System peer review process and boasts of a strong and active editorial board. Editors and reviewers are experts in their field and provide anonymous, unbiased and detailed reviews of all submissions. The journal gives the options of multiple language translations for all the articles and all archived articles are available in HTML, XML, PDF and audio formats. Also, all the published articles are archived in repositories and indexing services like DOAJ, CAS, Google Scholar, Scientific Commons, Index Copernicus, EBSCO, HINARI and GALE. For more details please visit our website: http://omicsonline.org/Submitmanuscript.php OMICS Journals are welcoming Submissions
  • 3. Electrical Brain Imaging-Brain Mapping (QEEG)-LORETA Z-score Neurofeedback in Neuropsychiatric Practice J. Lucas Koberda, MD, PhD, Professor of Neurology Tallahassee NeuroBalance Center, 4838 Kerry Forest Parkway, Tallahassee, FL
  • 4. Brodmann cortical areas 1909 Described by Dr. Brodmann approximately 100 years ago but still widely used in research and clinical practice which links specific cortical brain areas to particular functions
  • 5. Electrical imaging  Blood electrolytes abnormalities – imbalance-hypo- or hyper-(Na, K, Ca) gives well known clinical symptoms-Electrolyte abnormalities are detected based on previously determined normative values.  Brain electrical imbalance (normative database) gives symptoms based on cortical localization-see Brodmann’s Areas
  • 6. Neuropsychiatric work up  Detailed history (symptoms and complains)  Neurobehavioral questionnaire  Cognitive computerized testing  Brain MRI, LAB’s (B12 deficiency)  QEEG/LORETA
  • 7. Materials and Methods LORETA-is a 3D mathematical transformation of QEEG data enabling relatively precise 7-10 mm localization of cortical dysfunction Neurotrax Corp. is a computerized cognitive testing where patient is compared to aged and education matched healthy controls where mean=100 with 1 standard deviation=15. This testing has been previously extensively tested for reliability. To minimize learning across sessions, 3 alternate forms of cognitive tests were developed with identical psychometric properties but different items. Equivalence for all three alternate forms was demonstrated to have an acceptable test-retest reliability
  • 8. Z score NFB The clinical use of NFB in neuropsychiatry involves 3 steps: 1. 1. Evaluation of patients symptoms and complaints 2. 2. Linking the patient’s symptoms to functional specialization in the brain 3. 3. Real-time Z score neurofeedback of deviant or deregulated brain regions associated with the patient’s symptoms. Use of real time to an age matched normative database with Z scores or standard deviations to train patients toward Z=O in brain regions associated with particular disorders.
  • 9. Z-score surface/LORETA 19 electrodes NFB 58 year old female with long history of chronic migraine and daily HA. Pre-NFB QEEG (brain maps) showed marked increase in frontal and central beta power as well as increased delta and theta powers.
  • 10. Z-scored surface and LORETA 19-electrodes NFB- continuation After initiation of NFB and completion of 10 sessions of therapy patient’s HAs practically resolved and were in remission for 2-3 months. F/U QEEG showed the resolution of frontal and central excess of beta activity (power).
  • 11. 15 year old female competitive horse rider who was complaining of major anxiety before competitions and poor performance. Brain Mapping (QEEG) was completed before Neurofeedback (NFB) and after 15 sessions of NFB. See major reduction of beta activity (red color indicates increased beta activity-responsible for the anxiety) in after NFB maps. After NFB marked improvement of anxiety and performance during the competitions was noted
  • 12. 15 F with anxiety-LORETA-before and after 15 NFB sessions: BA 25
  • 13.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19. 16 M after mTBI-Computerized cognitive testing after 10 sessions of NFB  Global CS: 82.3 110.7  Memory: 85.9 105.6  Executive Function: 65.7 108.4  Attention: 49.2 108.1  Info Proc. Speed 82.7 113.1  Visual Spatial: 107.3 113.9  Verbal Function: 85.3 114.2  Motor Skills: 100.1 111.6
  • 20. 32 M-with mTBI-after he was assaulted in psychiatric hospital-computerized cognitive testing before and after NFB  Global CS: 91.5 95.6 101 104  Memory 90.5 99.6 101.3 107.8   Info Processing Speed: 64.2 74 89.9 90.3 
  • 21. 32 M-with mTBI-after he was assaulted in psychiatric hospital-computerized cognitive testing before and after NFB  Global CS: 91.5 95.6 101 104  Memory 90.5 99.6 101.3 107.8   Info Processing Speed: 64.2 74 89.9 90.3 
  • 22. 68 y.o. female with 1-2 years of progressive forgetfulness due to mild AD (second opinion after visit with another neurologist/neuropsychologist- recommended Aricept)
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