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Election of1912 5
- 1. U.S. History –Chapter 15 / #15
- 3. The Republican Party & President William H. Taft
- 4. Keep the Whistle Blowing Taft was determined to preserve the conservative heart of the Republican Party.
- 5. Come, Mr. President.You Can’t Have the Stage ALL of the Time!
- 6. William Taft •Ohio / Sec. of War under TR • Didn’t have the flare of TR • But he proved himself to be a Progressive 1.Prosecuted Twice as many Trusts as TR in only 4 years 2. Expanded the number of National Forest acres 3. Pushed laws to improve safety in mines 4. Established Children’s Bureau – Protected the rights and interests of Children • Saw the Presidency as an administrative post • TR is disillusioned – Not a Strong Public Leader
- 7. Republican Party Platform(Canvas) High import tariffs-Support Big Business Put limitations on female and child labor Workman’s Compensation Laws Against initiative, referendum, & recall Against “Bad” trusts Creation of a Federal Trade Commission Conservation of natural resources/they are finite
- 8. Republican Convention of1912 TR & Taft both arrive expecting the nomination of the party Who Deserves the Nomination? Taft or TR The Party Chooses Taft TR bolts from the party
- 9. The GOP After the Circus The Convention batters the Party as TR forms a 3rd Party TR The Republican Party must stand for the rights of humanity, or else it must stand for special privilege.
- 10. The Progressive “BullMoose” Party Former President Theodore Roosevelt People should rise above their sectarian interests to promote the general good.
- 11. The Anti- Third-Term Principle
- 12. Theodore Roosevelt at Osawatomie, KS: New Nationalism TR using the Bully Pulpit “Big business requires Bigger Government”
- 13. The “Bull Moose” Party: The Latest Arrival at the Political Zoo We stand at Armageddon, and we battle for the Lord!
- 14. Progressive Party Platform Women’s suffrage Income tax –Progressive Structure Inheritance tax for the rich Lower tariffs (opposite of GOP) Limits on campaign spending Minimum Wage Laws NATIONAL HEALTH CARE Abolition of child labor Workmen’s compensation New National ism
- 15. Tariffs & BigBusiness - Automobiles Tariffs USA Ford Foreign competition Toyota ______________________ Would Big Business in America rather have Higher or Lower Tariffs?
- 16. The Socialist Party & Eugene V. Debs The issue is Socialism versus Capitalism. I am for Socialism because I am for humanity.
- 17. “The Working ClassCandidates” Eugene V. Debs Emil Seigel support from workers for President for VP (unions)
- 18. Growth of theSocialist Vote Year Socialist Party Socialist Labor Party Total 1888 2,068 2,068 1890 13,704 13,704 1892 21,512 21,512 1894 30,020 30,020 1896 36,275 36,274 1898 82,204 82,204 1900 96,931 33,405 130,336 1902 223,494 53,763 277,257 1904 408,230 33,546 441,776 1906 331,043 20,265 351,308 1908 424,488 14,021 438,509 1910 607,674 34,115 641,789 1912 901,873
- 19. The Industrial Worker: I. W. W. The first American labor group to open its membership to all wage-earning workers, regardless of skill, nationality, race, sex, or gender.
- 20. Socialist Party Platform Government ownership of railroads and utilities Income Tax (Became 16th Am.) No Tariffs 8-hour work day Better housing Government Inspection of Factories Women’s Suffrage (Became 19th Am.)
- 21. The Democratic Party& Governor Woodrow Wilson (NJ) Could he rescue the Democratic Party from “Bryanism”??
- 22. The Reform Governor of NJ: “It Takes Time to Remove the Grime”
- 23. Woodrow Wilson •Virginia 1856 • Learning disability – couldn’t read until 11 • Father was a Presbyterian Minister • Taught him moral values • PhD in political Science – Prof. for 16 yrs • President of Princeton U. (1902-10) - NJ • He had no political experience but, wrote books about govt. while teaching
- 24. Wilson becomes aPolitician • Books seemed to show he believed the Republican reforms were too extreme • Nominated by James Smith (NJ Party Boss) - to run for Governor in 1910 as Dem. (Electable/Novice/Non Threatening Appearance) • Elected Gov. in 1910 - NJ • Declared independence from the machine • Supported many progressive reforms in NJ
- 25. Democratic Party Platform Government control of the Monopolies trusts in general were bad eliminate them!! Tariff reduction One-term President Direct Election of Senators (17th Am.) Create a Department of Labor Strengthen/Sherman Anti-Trust Act Did NOT support women’s suffrage New Freedom
- 26. TR & Women’s Suffrage: The Militant Recruit
- 27.
- 28. TR gets Shotin Milwaukee Oct. 14th by John Schrank (Believed in 2 Terms) “Friends, I shall ask you to be as quiet as possible. I don't know whether you fully understand that I have just been shot; but it takes more than that to kill a Bull Moose. The bullet is in me now, so that I cannot make a very long speech, but I will try my best.” • Wilson – suspends campaign while TR is in the hospital
- 29. 1912 Election Results- Votes Wilson (D) 6.3 million TR (P) 4.1 million Taft (R) 3.5 million Debs (S) .9 million What did Taft & TR effectively do? look at math problem on next slide
- 30. GOP Divided byBull Moose Equals Democratic Victory!
- 31. Election Results By1912, 100,000 fewer people had voted for Wilson than had voted for Bryan in 1908. The 1912 election marked the high pt. of the Socialist movement in America.
- 32. Ch 15.3 p.537-540 ebook • Wilson’s New Freedoms Program consisted of Four main Categories 1) Tariffs 2) Banks 3) Trusts 4) Reforms for Workers Explain each Category: • What was the issue? • What was created to carry out his plan ? • Did he succeed? Did he Compromise?
- 33. The GOP: An Extinct Animal?
- 34. Answers 1.Tariffs –Underwood Tariff - reduced rate to about 30% of the value of the goods or 1/2 of what is was in the 1890’s Underwood Tariff also had a provision for the collection of a direct income tax(1%) – 16th Am in 1913
- 35. 2. Reforming Banks The Federal Reserve Act - 12 Regional Banks with the Power to set interest rates to control the economy
- 36. 3. Trusts Creationof the FTC – Federal Trade Commission To monitor Am. Business so they would stop unfair trade practices(slow) Clayton Antitrust Act outlawed practices that restricted competition – stronger than the Sherman
- 37. 4. Reforms forWorkers Keating-Owen Child Labor Law - prohibited the employment of kids U14 in factories producing goods for interstate commerce 1918 – declared unconstitutional (child labor is not interstate commerce so only the state could enforce) Adamson Act – 8 hr workday for RR workers Federal Farm Loan Act – low interest loans