Effect of Time and Day of Birth on the Outcome of Preterm Infants
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1. Conventional method:
IMR = (9835 + 9769) / 197003 + 198016 x 1000 = 49.7
2. Numerator adjustment method (f=0.3):
IMR = 0.3x9835 + 0.7x9769 / 191998 + 0.3x197003 + 0.7x198016 x 1000 = 49.7
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CDC Resources and Educational Tools - Educational Tools for Nurses
DES Case Studies > http://www.cdc.gov/des/hcp/resources/tools_nurses.html
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The document discusses the pro-choice position on abortion. It notes that the 14th amendment supports the right to choose and that the Supreme Court ruled in Roe v. Wade that women have a constitutional right to abortion. It provides statistics on abortion in the US and discusses that women denied abortions face greater economic hardships. The risks of illegal abortions are outlined as well as the risks of pregnancy. Characteristics of typical women obtaining abortions are presented. Feminist ethics and theories of desire are briefly discussed in relation to abortion rights.
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The document discusses how migraine is more prevalent in women than men, with peak rates occurring between ages 20-50, and how female hormonal changes and life events like menstruation, oral contraceptive use, pregnancy, and menopause can influence the occurrence and severity of migraine symptoms. It also reviews treatment considerations for migraine in women during these stages, noting challenges in balancing efficacy and safety, especially during pregnancy and lactation.
Recent top papers in pediatric infectious diseases: pediatric infections - Sl...
Slideset on:
- Zika virus and fetal/neonatal microcephaly
- Microbiota, infections and immune response to vaccines
- Antibiotic use and weight gain in childhood
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Diethylstilbestrol Transgenerational Neurodevelopmental Deficits
Diethylstilbestrol Transgenerational Neurodevelopmental Deficits
Improvements in US Maternal Obstetrical Outcomes from 1992 to 2006. 1.14.09
Improvements in US Maternal Obstetrical Outcomes from 1992 to 2006. 1.14.09
Repeated failed non-invasive prenatal testing in autoimmune disease owing to...
Repeated failed non-invasive prenatal testing in autoimmune disease owing to...
Time Bomb : a Journey into Old Exposures, Gametic Glitches, and the Autism Ex...
Time Bomb : a Journey into Old Exposures, Gametic Glitches, and the Autism Ex...
Increasing Trends in Male Reproductive Disorders, Environmental Exposures, an...
Increasing Trends in Male Reproductive Disorders, Environmental Exposures, an...
Breastfeeding And The Risk Of Postneonatal Death In The United States
Breastfeeding And The Risk Of Postneonatal Death In The United States
Recent top papers in pediatric infectious diseases: pediatric infections - Sl...
Recent top papers in pediatric infectious diseases: pediatric infections - Sl...
Similar to Effect of Time and Day of Birth on the Outcome of Preterm Infants
Literature reviewofinfantmortality
Three studies found that infant mortality rates increased with decreasing gestational age and birth weight. Infants born preterm, very preterm, or with very low birth weight had substantially higher mortality rates compared to term or normal birth weight infants. Two additional studies found higher rates of neonatal mortality and morbidity for late preterm infants compared to term infants. Three studies reported higher rates of stillbirth, perinatal mortality, and infant mortality with increasing maternal obesity, including a dose-dependent relationship between higher BMI and increased mortality. One study also found higher rates of miscarriage with obesity.
PERTUSSIS PROTECTION - CURRENT SCHEDULES IN EUROPE
Slide set by Professor Susanna Esposito, president WAidid, presented at the 3rd ESCMID Conference on Vaccines, held in Lisbon (Portugal), 6- 8 March 2015. Learn more: http://goo.gl/8GUwwL
Pertussis 2024 Lecture to avoid the signs.pptx
This document outlines pertussis (whooping cough) including its clinical characteristics, epidemiology, disease burden, impact of adolescent vaccination and cocooning, data on dTpa vaccination in adolescents and adults, and conclusions. Pertussis is highly communicable respiratory infection caused by Bordetella pertussis. It is transmitted person-to-person through respiratory droplets. While humans are the sole reservoir, as many as 80% of susceptible household contacts become infected after exposure. Pertussis has emerged as a disease affecting adolescents and adults as immunity wanes over time. Adolescent and adult cases serve as an important reservoir, putting newborns at high risk of severe complications. Vaccination of adolescents and adults is
Regionalization of Perinatal Care: US Experience
International conference «Actual approaches to the extremely preterm babies: International experience and Ukrainian realities» (Kyiv, Ukraine, March 5-6, 2013)
Perinatal magnesium administration and the prevention of periventricular leuk...
This study examined the effect of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) on the development of cystic periventricular leukomalacia (cPVL) in preterm infants. The researchers conducted a retrospective case-control study of 492 preterm infants born between 1992-1994 weighing less than 1750g who survived at least 7 days. They found infants exposed to MgSO4 in utero were less likely to develop cPVL. Specifically, 2 of 18 infants with cPVL were exposed to MgSO4 compared to 14 of 36 controls, indicating MgSO4 exposure is associated with a reduced risk of cPVL. Further analysis confirmed the groups were similar in other variables and preeclampsia alone did
Anthropometry in perinatology and beyond: Of Changing Curves and Crossing Cen...
This document summarizes a presentation on anthropometry in perinatology and beyond. It discusses the history of fetal anthropometric measurements and growth charts for neonates. It outlines various fetal growth charts including the INTERGROWTH-21st study and their limitations for the Indian population. Neonatal anthropometry based charts from various Indian studies are presented showing differences from Western standards. Postnatal growth charts for preterm infants including the Fenton 2013 chart and INTERGROWTH-21st data are highlighted. Factors making the postnatal preterm growth unique are also noted.
Risk resilience child development-results from Jamaican birth cohort studies
Risk resilience child development-results from Jamaican birth cohort studies UNICEF Office of Research - Innocenti
A presentation by Maureen Samms-Vaughn as part of the Childhood Risk and Resilience panel discussion at the International Symposium on Cohort and Longitudinal Studies in Developing Contexts, UNICEF Office of Research - Innocenti, Florence, Italy 13-15 October 2014Hiv, Infant Feeding, And Maternal And Child Health
1. Breastfeeding provides numerous health benefits for both infants and mothers. It reduces the risk of breast cancer in mothers and lowers the risk of HIV transmission from mother to child.
2. Exclusive breastfeeding for the first 3-6 months of life protects infants from common illnesses like diarrhea and pneumonia. It also supports optimal infant nutrition and development.
3. For HIV-positive mothers, exclusive breastfeeding or replacement feeding with formula can be appropriate depending on individual circumstances. Proper support is crucial to help mothers make informed choices about infant feeding.
Jc aprile 2017
This study aimed to develop a predictive tool for unplanned cesarean delivery (CD) in nulliparous women using prenatal maternal and fetal characteristics. Over 2,200 nulliparous women were prospectively studied across seven Irish hospitals. Multivariate analysis identified that maternal age, BMI, height, fetal abdominal circumference, and head circumference can predict CD risk. A nomogram was developed and showed good predictive ability, with an AUC of 0.69. The tool may help counsel women on their chances of a vaginal delivery versus an elective CD.
The journey of low birth weight infant
Previously known as ‘failure to thrive’ (FTT), also known as weight faltering
Infant or children whose current weight or rate of weight gain is significantly below that expected of similar children of the same age, sex and ethnicity
Can occur in both infants (< 1 year of age) and in children (> 1 year of age)
Magnesium Prevents the Cerebral Palsy Precursor in Premature Infants
To determine if magnesium sulfate has an effect on the development of cystic
periventricular leukomalacia in preterm infants, this retrospective case control study
was conducted. There were 23,382 infants born at three teaching hospitals in the metropolitan New York area from January 1992 to December 1994. Four hundred ninety-two infants met our entrance criteria. Criteria included a birth weight less than 750 g, survival to at least 7 days of life and at least one cranial ultrasound after 7 days of life.
Infants exposed to magnesium sulfate in utero were less likely to develop periventricular
leukomalacia. Two of 18 (11%) infants with periventricular leukomalacia were
exposed to magnesium sulfate in-utero compared to 14 of 36 controls (39%) (p =
0.035) (OR = 0.196, 95% Cl = 0.039-0.988). Pre-eclampsia as an independent factor
was not associated with a reduced risk (p = 0.251) (OR = 0.294, 95% Cl =
0.033-2.65). Preterm infants exposed to antenatal magnesium sulfate were found to
have a reduced risk of developing cystic periventricular leukomalacia.
The Relationship between Maternal Anemia and Birth Weight in New Born
This study examined the relationship between maternal anemia and birth weight in newborns delivered at a hospital in Karaikal, India between January 2014 and December 2014. The study included 1182 pregnant women, of which 924 (78%) were anemic (hemoglobin <11g/dL) and 258 (22%) were not anemic. The study found no correlation between maternal anemia and low birth weight in newborns. However, operative deliveries (C-sections) tended to be higher for anemic mothers compared to non-anemic mothers. While some previous studies have found an association between maternal anemia and increased risk of low birth weight and C-sections, this study did
Normal and abnormal delivery 2018
This document discusses normal versus abnormal modes of delivery, specifically focusing on cesarean section rates. It provides statistics on global and Lebanese cesarean section rates, noting that Lebanese rates have risen dramatically in recent decades to over 40% currently. The document explores various factors contributing to increasing cesarean rates, such as financial incentives, malpractice concerns, and lack of labor preparation. It also reviews potential adverse effects of cesarean section on infant health outcomes like respiratory issues, microbiome disturbance, and increased risk of obesity and metabolic disorders. Solutions proposed to reduce unnecessary cesarean sections include implementing national guidelines, improving prenatal education, and promoting vaginal birth after cesarean.
The Burden of Group B Streptococcus Worldwide for Pregnant Women, Stillbirths...
This document provides an overview of a study estimating the global burden of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) disease for pregnant women, stillbirths, and children. The study involved over 100 authors from more than 30 institutions worldwide. It used a compartmental modeling approach and extensive literature reviews and unpublished data to estimate the number of GBS cases, deaths, and disability globally. Key findings included that an estimated 21.3 million newborns are exposed to GBS through maternal colonization each year, resulting in 205,000-327,000 early-onset and 44,000-326,000 late-onset infant GBS cases annually. The study highlights major data gaps, particularly in regions with the highest burden.
Prof Joy Lawn @ MRF's Meningitis and Septicaemia 2019
This document summarizes a presentation on neonatal meningitis and sepsis survivors. The key points are:
1. Survivors of neonatal meningitis and sepsis often experience long-term neurological impairments. Studies find moderate to severe impairment in 18-23% of survivors.
2. There are significant gaps in data on the true burden of neonatal infections due to limitations in care access, clinical assessment, laboratory testing, and long-term follow up in low-resource settings. This impacts estimates of impairment rates.
3. Improving data through strengthened health systems, innovative diagnostics, expanded cohort studies, and better impairment measures is needed to close these gaps and better support survivors long-term.
Management-of-Postterm-Pregnancy
Management of postterm pregnancy involves balancing risks to the fetus and mother. Postterm is defined as past 42 weeks gestation. Accurately dating the pregnancy is important to avoid false diagnosis. Risks to the fetus include stillbirth, meconium aspiration, and macrosomia. Risks to the mother include dystocia and infection. Studies show inducing labor at 41 weeks reduces stillbirths without increasing C-sections. Methods of antenatal testing after 41 weeks are debated, though monitoring is recommended. While an unfavorable cervix was viewed as a risk factor for C-section, recent evidence suggests underlying issues may be more important. Further research is needed to determine the optimal time for induction to minimize risks
The Influence of Prenatal Care Adequacy on Infant Mortality Rate Disparities ...
The Influence of Prenatal Care Adequacy on Infant Mortality Rate Disparities ...Wayne State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
The document summarizes a literature review analyzing the role of prenatal care (PNC) in racial disparities in infant mortality rates (IMRs) between Black and White populations. It finds that Black mothers are more likely to receive inadequate or no PNC compared to White mothers, and have a higher IMR. Studies examined the influence of PNC adequacy and timing of initiation on IMR outcomes. A specific PNC intervention program, the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children, was found to effectively reduce the IMR racial disparity by improving outcomes for Black infants.Perinatal Periods of Risk
The Perinatal Periods of Risk (PPOR) approach is a comprehensive 6-step method used in Massachusetts to address racial and ethnic disparities in feto-infant mortality rates. PPOR involves analyzing fetal and infant death data by birth weight and age at death over four risk periods to identify gaps between racial groups. Phase I maps and analyzes this data, while Phase II further investigates causes of death in high-risk groups and periods. An application of PPOR in Worcester, MA from 2008-2012 found Black and Latino feto-infant mortality rates around 1.5-2 times higher than whites, with the largest gaps existing for deaths occurring in the Maternal Health and Prematurity period.
Lec-Pertussis.ppt
This document discusses pertussis (whooping cough) and outlines the following key points:
1. Pertussis is highly communicable respiratory infection caused by Bordetella pertussis that can cause severe illness, especially in infants.
2. The epidemiology of pertussis has changed with increasing cases in adolescents and adults as immunity wanes, putting vulnerable infants at risk of exposure.
3. Strategies to prevent pertussis include adolescent and adult booster vaccinations to reduce transmission to infants who are too young to be fully protected by vaccination.
Factors Associated with Growth in the First 1,000 Days CHECKLEY
CORE Group GHPC15
October 8, 2015
Concurrent Session: Factors Associated with Growth in the First 1,000 Days: Translating Evidence into Programs for Stunting, Wasting, and the Double Burden of Malnutrition
Similar to Effect of Time and Day of Birth on the Outcome of Preterm Infants (20)
PERTUSSIS PROTECTION - CURRENT SCHEDULES IN EUROPE
PERTUSSIS PROTECTION - CURRENT SCHEDULES IN EUROPE
Perinatal magnesium administration and the prevention of periventricular leuk...
Perinatal magnesium administration and the prevention of periventricular leuk...
Anthropometry in perinatology and beyond: Of Changing Curves and Crossing Cen...
Anthropometry in perinatology and beyond: Of Changing Curves and Crossing Cen...
Risk resilience child development-results from Jamaican birth cohort studies
Risk resilience child development-results from Jamaican birth cohort studies
Hiv, Infant Feeding, And Maternal And Child Health
Hiv, Infant Feeding, And Maternal And Child Health
Magnesium Prevents the Cerebral Palsy Precursor in Premature Infants
Magnesium Prevents the Cerebral Palsy Precursor in Premature Infants
The Relationship between Maternal Anemia and Birth Weight in New Born
The Relationship between Maternal Anemia and Birth Weight in New Born
The Burden of Group B Streptococcus Worldwide for Pregnant Women, Stillbirths...
The Burden of Group B Streptococcus Worldwide for Pregnant Women, Stillbirths...
Prof Joy Lawn @ MRF's Meningitis and Septicaemia 2019
Prof Joy Lawn @ MRF's Meningitis and Septicaemia 2019
The Influence of Prenatal Care Adequacy on Infant Mortality Rate Disparities ...
The Influence of Prenatal Care Adequacy on Infant Mortality Rate Disparities ...
Factors Associated with Growth in the First 1,000 Days CHECKLEY
Factors Associated with Growth in the First 1,000 Days CHECKLEY
Effect of Time and Day of Birth on the Outcome of Preterm Infants
- 1. Effect of time and day of birth on the outcome of preterm newborn infants Rhoda Tamakloe, Marta Barker MSN, Naveed Hussain MD Farmington, CT
- 10. Day of the Week of Birth vs. % Died S&A-Sunday and Saturday W-Wednesday M-Monday H-Thursday U-Tuesday F-Friday
- 11. Month of Birth vs. % Died * denotes a significant p-value in univariate and multivariate analyses
- 12. Demographic Data * denotes a significant p-value in univariate and multivariate analyses † infants born on the weekend had lower gestational age and birth weight GA*† mean+sd BW*† mean+sd Sex (%F) White % Black % Hispanic % Other % weekend 31.36 ±3.84 1764.87 ±783.01 45.75 76.96 10.79 9.45 2.79 weekday 31.95 ±3.98 1850.52 ±836.99 46.67 74.97 9.82 12.08 3.12
- 13. Result: Mortality and Morbidity Chart * denotes a significant p-value in univariate analysis † when adjusted for GA, value no longer significant % died IVH (%with) ROP (% with) Rate of Growth (% poor) Weekend Weekday 5.36 5.52 7.05 7.50 11.5 * † 8.94 18.90 16.90 Wknd+off On hours 5.58 5.32 7.71 7.11 10.6 8.63 18.22 16.44 off hours on hours 5.30 5.27 7.70 7.37 10.11 9.56 18.02 17.05
Editor's Notes
- Days on vent: CPAP? BEARCUB??? Stats method used????