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- 1. Intnoobuchon, MateiayhaNe ier Hheir names O Vanious ages im Humar histry vi2 .Stone 2) bon|e age LYom e SgotheGe makedol Smont makeial Ago 1edevelment moiny Technolore has been hotimtel aJfociated ntb Age 0 make OuY eistenceSo Cordw table
- 2. Sutabe rateialy aCceib;lity Def ameuteiaul SCience Tbe Mate io SCience Cungigh Te rm CwOHs y mateticuls anolsueo t o o Engnei Toteals mote als meaoR ad thtae Que Limiteol o 0y goli mate ials Sieme refes b physic IGonces elathgbo Phyncs ol Chemiah Tn ereva seen that Hhe otetal Suence COncer oed seuiomship bo he and their PonoPeuke bYanch appled Scence uhich th Inveshigatim strutuvej o mateio Ut stuol of mateia Paci cal Purpoze. cosicaHo raeia Tre gineering nauelas TmOs be lai fko 1 metals o3 dollo ivon,ol, cu,2n, L te 2lon-metals Aeahe ' ubbe alonc, sbesto8, Cobm ett10 pm dolkodalmmldot aod
- 3. Metalk masyurtey subdvided ag C1) Fevrousmeta, tne Tron gsoupohichincduales all 1yPex Tyon sbeel Otnd Oe Called feYYOu8 Meta Cout ison, wrouht îyon, sbeel alloys e stl:Con steel, highspeed spi stedrodou/ono imol oLnd Non- ro The Isongsoup whtch does mutincludex aul Types oism and steel Colled Non-feYrou metau. E Coppex alumimiunm, iok, kod ect, aundclo ex brats bvonze,duTalumn oluYalumim duvable alummiu L used al o Cu+ Gnet onge4uo =duao ng moteua 00 ee caunedos odm o , 10rg b UMtals ond alloc ,.sbrep u c e n A , b u n Ceramic natouals Mgo,ds, "Lno, Sic,3hg Org aniC mateia oofE plasica, PVC Ftbers Terglene ylon, Stothetic Yubbes, Leother Polythene, Coltom, Natuva and etc. r
- 4. coss icoticn c Eehioal Ergmeevimg w mateiale Uhe Elechico nalmeevima nouteuan ma be comhe a pes be Conducots 2 Semi Concluct0Y Tngulcato1 ( dieleckwicr) Magnehc matenal HO Pro peier o Elecbvncal matena PhasiCoroperheA o mouteiOul The meltig Point oyfheaing Pont melting ov free g Poimt Pure mekaJ 1 defined au ompevauhue ar The he Solid and Ligud phajes Con eti in stahe Cguilibrêum, hen a metl heated to meEma Poimt, hLd pha moxe heat i8 Supplied Csmpletel at Contan oPpeou3 amo he solidjelE8 d Temferatuo ke Freeg ofa Ro 1iqwd on olher hand, may ehibit tbe phenomem ndo?
- 5. Super Coolimg the iqutol in Sgne Ca be locoeved beono the CoSes appeoAance meltimg Poi otruoitHout Ihe Cay stal8 Hou evev, hen Crystala clo mot appear, The na 980apidly aurme Temperatuve m e e tie os moul -Pomb uge o merCuY and ofhe mete vs The ai&e3 drorp meteYA mel Eina Point The ue LoO Tungsten amen plb in Candecenb= Po fible becoune 1 molabah melbim Poim Boing Poip P) Boiling Point o a lRuid me ie the TempeYoutune at Vapocu Presuye uals otmoR phexe The cohich its to one B.P oP metals Hgh 2inc-90a°C E1Cop mey Cu BPP B.P. o f Cadmum 86S Dene? o perun vOu metCaled Dengta
- 6. In meEncSystem i deret tie of A ound mag nestum ond thely alloys ake The Loco oke them Panti uloul Vauabl e 9, Aeronu Qnd Trans Po hahon Ae aneu helda a v Co-etfident cf Eparti The Co-e flident GRRpunai Lineoy of o Solid de hoed as tho in Lenoth oveach olegree dise im Jemp Tme se Co-e ictent ne impo tao ohen t1etaly ane to be eponeo to Nanale o Temperat Enene Pi&tona and ohe ocCua Com8iolerable &Rttna Mechani&mA Thevmod Concluceu the TemalConcuchi y orf a meta i deBned TheN0 ot kilojouuk ooul dHos ien cheat hat PerSeCondk S min Cro4- sechon and 1min lengtt Opecmen me at Tempoche 1°c ghocox higho Svey and COppey ThermalConclucti hes of all metul
- 7. German SilNeY e1yhibit ery too Conclucyity A metalh are onductov Eleceviiy. 3lvei6 bext and Copper next hopY br i Eleceiasl Resisivi The Registance ofmeta neapyoC t R Corducivit ho8e values O m e t a l ue Veny mal uualngn miCvo ohmS 1 miro Ohm Thevmo Propehes a materia thPrma Propertes of matevials 1eloted t t s Cohich Conduchvit hea dlecidehoco it iti Subocteoto heat (etceiye heat o very neact cohen uctuation Loco heat The mohov Prope tioJ/ae uL eaEcapaci d/a 2) Ther mal 6TheYma Epangion Conductyity Thermal
- 8. Heat capa c The Hea Capoatyo The Tmoteo Canbe deimed a The Amount cfhed veqaived o cham tb Tomperakuro cfl4omakevial b onedogee In order to CalGdate lhe beat beat u t YeO Capacy ofmoateial Capacity dime8ionoMolay heatCapacity o s e o l . peccthc heat Capacitty C.Ce) cAT here =) oUbra te heat Cap, inJ m 8 tho maun in 8the Specshc heot e Chargei imemp in K AT 1herma Pangion lteat Pased roug /Y a mouteual ESghar change uhen Genevaly, mnaterla enPanda she heated his Propexhy i Colled Thev mod EwpCtnRion
- 9. Tbeve Ca oe a harge o av@a, Volume and shepe the mateia t efthe Tn Railayocks h.Railuways e Pand due 9712 mo Osult, 3ot Cyerne heat O a oten missho ppen u e Ther mau CondurcHvi of the to Conmdu.ctodneat mateials sth Propesty oomoteriod hyogh t8d. high heot han e themol Corduckvb wi o n d u c t mOYe one t h Lo Condud6vi t An Ala0 isonrod Condluce han noYmo oinduo co moYO2 heat aa Theyma Stre expeien ced by bol N hom The EYe* ouue to ejthey 911 Conbrcchiom hemal er pa&im 0Y Called Theyma SEre 9oTt can be Poteotzialgdde sbruche im nature c e mouke he na teial txde Xov E1 Crack8 Com be Seen on Toady whove the heat 8 eityame Henl he CYa C 8OoNegalE 0 bro hermaN Ftre becJmes vey Smol
- 10. MechaniCo Propeshe adeials Ston5 he shvength onetcd abili to withatond voviou frces Subgceod duvimTest orm usually defnedas ehich it SesiCce Ten sile stengtb shhe 9s Sheuv Sbeg-etc Compve sgi ue shengtb, proo Ameuteral 18 id to be Poxfoctl Elastic fthe ohole t e she disappea smpleb ProdluCed on the by a LOod 1emovaOf l oElaka of ou4 modulus CE) Ib oco he oduy Pro Poxh omally ComtanE b Se ond ghrain oY elasHe mateal Tn metheu Cult, modeudun o Easha f he ault tool and ool holder oec tyeiy igdit 0 plasticiyplo.shay ix the Propeytha furmothoo Pemanant smadeual Tia Reve8e nabl the cefumatigp 10a plashaky18 uned D skamy9 moges 0n Cp Co and or0amentcl oovk4 aoreM bctne
- 11. Ductili+eible) DuCH THhE Ihbe abilitg Cametap beduna. u e to oithstandelgotion OY this Poperty i 3es e moole by olvadma Outthoegh a hole 6) Mallabii TE is the Propeyk c h o r o c l e : ) Nisue of cohich a n m a t e v i a ma thin hammered aY solled (break dn gheeEs Cothout Yupture break) TOughne esO jenacity wil Teacib 8the styengtb OPpORes he yuptuve which h e , material Bi ttle ness Loc of ductilty s bYittleness when a body break3 osilyohen shock it is Saol tD be Btt Subjected bea: 2 Losy tD d deoed ay Resishre pene Eroation. 4Hard- 8 4cidoesS Tt mout mout o a motevial ogistsCratohes 07hoi ceing being 6sn oubb ictiom l ano lse Y bod Fatigue 0) Cree P
- 12. Elecbri col pvopeshe mateviala Ono bes imPo tao Po peFy o the material i hei ability o Permito Resizt Slo oF the ekcEicity muterias o be Bed 1n eec eGo ent CDm be selcke d on He o heir bas Proper he C Resi&HN e Conductiv' t Such os emp. Co-efl cert of Reistane sbenghs 2 Ghemoeleciab lps )Dielechnc opdo yord Resish C Tts O Chanckexish Propesty otbe mateial of hich ade. Tt is tbat Electrial Propenb snautevialchic theoDducto tbeloo o through t yboc19eton umpeole 0 Resst8 Elecbiat Resisthvty,-RA
- 13. oneyo R- Resistance in oh) d Cnducfoy E Aea of he Conoucor SecHu ConducFor Legth of the CordectiNiby onduciyity (o) The K E lecl Col o iS h YOGpYoCo R o s i s h v i t 9P RA Tempeyatune o-Kcento oRestece tt ix ollomployoc o Spect tne vaiation oRegistiv ohTempe atuve OY Temp Co-eft. Re)s tonce2 Or Temp Po -T0 whee 0 ,pesishvat Temp TempTo A Po eishvi a end To ne clegreej kelvin
- 14. Oclechic shenm T mao be InsalatinCoPocby of a matterial 9ains high volbogogA dielecbric i an in&ula tion hermo elecbvicity T Too dgtim.b me tal ae Joined Ound This Turchon heated, oSmal voltag Prauced is hen m mlivolEoange aund t5h8 known O Thermo elechic ect W olber Elec Properhe o ateial e Fle chhochemicol Phenoumena - as n o battei Eleckro physicol efecks a i ConbactE Potentials Eecoechon.co fecks a edro Rfecks cdo