Ancient India had a strong culture of education, science, and technology. Education was imparted through both formal and informal systems, including at home, temples, pathshalas, tols, chatuspadis, viharas, universities, and gurukuls. Gurukuls provided residential learning environments where students lived with their gurus for years. Major achievements in ancient India included the development of a place-value system with zero by mathematicians like Aryabhata, the atomic theory of Kanad, advances in surgery by Sushruta, and significant contributions in astronomy, engineering, architecture, metallurgy, and medicine. Ancient India was scientifically and technologically advanced.

1. Topic : Education , science and
Technology in ancient india
Topic : Education , science and
Technology in ancient india
Topic : Education , science and
Technology in ancient india

2.  Science and technology have played a critical role in
the evolution of human society. Humans have had a
desire to observe and understand nature since
prehistoric times in order to control and manipulate
nature for their own benefit and welfare. Since ancient
times, India has had a glorious culture of education,
science, and technology, and has made significant
contributions in the fields of astronomy, arithmetic,
geometry, metallurgy, the ayurvedic system of
medicine, and surgery.
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
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3.  In ancient India, both formal and informal ways of
education system existed. Indigenous education was
imparted at home, in temples, pathshalas, tols,
chatuspadis and gurukuls. There were people in homes,
villages and temples who guided young children in
imbibing pious ways of life. Temples were also the
centres of learning and took interest in the promotion
of knowledge of our ancient system. Students went to
viharas and universities for higher knowledge.
Teaching was largely oral and students remembered
and meditated upon what was taught in the class.
EDUCATION SYSTEM IN ANCIENT
INDIA
EDUCATION SYSTEM IN ANCIENT
INDIA
EDUCATION SYSTEM IN ANCIENT
INDIA

4.  Gurukuls, also known as ashrams, were the residential
places of learning. Many of these were named after the
sages. Situated in forests, in serene and peaceful
surroundings, hundreds of students used to learn
together in gurukuls. Women too had access to
education during the early Vedic period. Among the
prominent women Vedic scholars, we find references to
Maitreyi, Viswambhara, Apala, Gargi and Lopamudra, to
name a few. During that period, the gurus and their
shishyas lived together helping each other in day-to-day
life. The main objective was to have complete learning,
leading a disciplined life and realising one's inner
potential. Students lived away from their homes for years
together till they achieved their goals. The gurukul was
also the place where the relationship of the guru and
shishya strengthened with time. While pursuing their
education in different disciplines like history, art of
debate, law, medicine, etc., the emphasis was not only on
the outer dimensions of the discipline but also on
enriching inner dimensions of the personality.

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Mathematician Aryabhata was the first person to create a
symbol for zero and it was through his efforts that
mathematical operations like addition and subtraction
started using the digit, zero.
The concept of zero and its integration into the place-value
system also enabled one to write numbers, no matter how
large, by using only ten symbols.
Achievements in the science of ancient India
Achievements in the science of ancient India
Achievements in the science of ancient India

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One of the notable scientists of the ancient India was
Kanad who is said to have devised the atomic theory
centuries before John Dalton was born.
He speculated the existence of anu or a small
indestructible particles, much like an atom. He also
stated that anu can have two states — absolute rest
and a state of motion.
He further held that atoms of same substance
combined with each other in a specific and
synchronized manner to produce dvyanuka (diatomic
molecules) and tryanuka (triatomic molecules).
A Theory of Atom
A Theory of Atom
A Theory of Atom

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Written by Sushruta in 6th Century BC, Sushruta
Samhita is considered to be one of the most
comprehensive textbooks on ancient surgery.
The text mentions various illnesses, plants,
preparations and cures along with complex
techniques of plastic surgery.
The Sushruta Samhita ’s most well-known
contribution to plastic surgery is the
reconstruction of the nose, known also as
rhinoplasty.
Plastic surgery
Plastic surgery
Plastic surgery

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Field of mathematics
Indus Valley Civilization was a business-oriented civilization. Therefore,
weighing systems were developed there. According to archaeologists, in
the Indus Valley Civilization, a system of scale ratio of 16 was developed.
The Yajurveda describes numbers up to 10 Kharab.
The most prevalent number of the decimal system (0 to 9) in the present
world was invented in India
Famous mathematicians like Aryabhata, Brahmagupta, Bhaskaracharya,
Sridharacharya, etc. also had great proficiency in algebra. The greatest
achievement in the field of algebra was Brahmagupta's solution of the
square equation.
Achievement in technolgy in ancient
india
Achievement in technolgy in ancient
india
Achievement in technolgy in ancient
india

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Indian astronomy is thought to have originated from
the Vedas. The use of astrology in Vedang literature
was based on the principles of astronomy.
Indian scientist Aryabhatta told the circular shape of
the Earth and the principle of circling on its axis.
After that, the famous German astronomer
Copernicus give this theory.
Brahmagupta confirmed the Earth's gravitational
theory even before Sir Isaac Newton.
Astronomy
Astronomy
Astronomy

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From the Indus Valley Civilization, India was a pioneer
in the field of architecture. The urban system of the
Indus is an inspiration for the present cities.
Buildings, pillars, cave construction, chaitya
construction during the Mahajanapada period and
Maurya period are examples of advanced
architecture of India.
Ancient India has advanced series of temples. The
Kailashnath temple built on the hillside is a great
specimen of engineering
Engineering and Architecture
Engineering and Architecture
Engineering and Architecture

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Undoubtedly, ancient India was technologically
advanced in the fields of mathematics, medicine,
physics, in the presence of scientists like Varahamihir,
Aryabhatta, Nagarjuna. Contemporary civilizations of
the Indus valley were not as scientific as the Indus.
With this, in ancient India, almost India was
technically and economically self-sufficient and was
the leader of the entire world as a Vishwaguru.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION

16. THANK YOU
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